Hybrid sulfur flowsheets using PEM electrolysis and a bayonet decomposition reactor

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Volumn 34, Issue 9, 2009, Pages 4097-4114

  Gorensek, Maximilian B ^a   Summers, William A ^a  

^a SAVANNAH RIVER NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

Aspen Plus ; Bayonet; Decomposition; Efficiency; Electrolyzer; Flowsheet; High temperature; Hybrid sulfur; Hydrogen; Model; Nuclear; Pinch analysis; Proton exchange membrane; Reactor; Silicon carbide; SO2 depolarized; Vacuum distillation

Indexed keywords

BAYONET; ELECTROLYZER; FLOWSHEET; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; HYBRID SULFUR; NUCLEAR; PINCH ANALYSIS; PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE; REACTOR; SO2-DEPOLARIZED; VACUUM DISTILLATION;

ACIDS; CONCEPTUAL DESIGN; CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; DISTILLATION; ELECTRIC POWER MEASUREMENT; ELECTROLYTIC CELLS; HYDROGEN; ION EXCHANGE MEMBRANES; MILITARY EQUIPMENT; PROTONS; SILICON CARBIDE; SULFUR; SULFUR DETERMINATION; SULFURIC ACID; VACUUM;

FLOWCHARTING;

EID: 65649108664     PISSN: 03603199     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.06.049     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. The hydrogen economy: opportunities, costs, barriers, and R&D needs (2004), National Academy of Engineering, Washington, DC
2. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration. Annual energy outlook 2008. Report no. DOE/EIA-0383 (2008); May 27, 2008. Available from: http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/aeo/.
3. Brecher LE, Wu CK. Electrolytic decomposition of water. Westinghouse Electric Corp. US Patent No. 3888750; 1975.
4. Farbman GH. The conceptual design of an integrated nuclear-hydrogen production plant using the sulfur cycle water decomposition system. NASA contractor report, NASA-CR-134976; 1976.
5. Lu PWT, Ammon RL, Parker GH. A study on the electrolysis of sulfur dioxide and water for the sulfur cycle hydrogen production process. NASA contractor report, NASA-CR-163517; 1980.
6. Parker GH. Solar thermal hydrogen production process. Final report from Westinghouse Electric Corp to US DOE, DOE/ET/20608-1; 1983.
7. Brecher L.E., Spewock S., and Warde C.J. The Westinghouse sulfur cycle for the thermochemical decomposition of water. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2 1 (1977) 7-15
8. Bard A.J., Parsons R., and Jordan J. Standard potentials in aqueous solutions (1985), Marcel-Dekker, New York
9. Bratsch S.G. Standard electrode potentials and temperature coefficients in water at 298.15 K. J Phys Chem Ref Data 18 (1989) 1-21
10. Lu P.W.T., Garcia E.R., and Ammon R.L. Recent developments in the technology of sulphur dioxide depolarized electrolysis. J Appl Electrochem 11 (1981) 347-355
11. 3/h (February 25, 2008). http://www4.hydro.com/electrolysers/en/products/range/high_pressure_electrolyser/
12. Norsk Hydro Electrolysers AS. Product development - the shape of things to come. Available from: (February 25, 2008). http://www4.hydro.com/electrolysers/en/products/product_development/
13. International nuclear energy research initiative. 2006 Annual report. DOE/NE-131. Washington, DC: United States Department of Energy; 2007. p. 113.
14. Parma EJ, Vernon ME, Gelbard F, Moore RC, Stone HBJ, Pickard PS. Modeling the sulfuric acid decomposition section for hydrogen production. In: Proc, 2007 Int Topical Mtg on Safety and Technol of Nucl Hydrogen Prodn, Control.Mgmt, Boston, MA; Jun 24-28, 2007, p. 154-60.
15. Ginosar D.M., Glenn A.W., Petkovic L.M., and Burch K.C. Stability of supported platinum sulfuric acid decomposition catalysts for use in thermochemical water splitting cycles. Int J Hydrogen Energy 32 4 (2007) 482-488
16. Ginosar DM, Rollins HW, Petkovic LM, Burch KC, Rush MJ. High-temperature sulfuric acid decomposition over complex metal oxide catalysts. Int J Hydrogen Energy, in this issue.
17. Mathias P.M. Modeling the sulfur-iodine cycle: Aspen Plus™ building blocks and simulation models. Final report from Aspen Technology, Inc. to General Atomics (Oct 24, 2002), General Atomics and Sandia National Laboratories
18. Brown LC, et al. High efficiency generation of hydrogen fuels using nuclear power. Final technical report for the period August 1, 1999 through September 30, 2002, from General Atomics Corp. to US DOE, GA-A24285, Appendix C; Jun 2003.
19. Gmitro J.I., and Vermeulen T. Vapor-liquid equilibrium for aqueous sulfuric acid. AIChE J 10 (1964) 740
20. Kim S.H., and Roth M. Enthalpies of dilution and excess molar enthalpies of an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid. J Chem Eng Data 46 (2001) 138-143
21. Fasullo O.T. Sulfuric acid: use and handling (1965), McGraw-Hill, New York
22. Wüster G. p, v, T - und Dampfdruckmessungen zur Bestimmung Thermodynamischer Eigenschaften Starker Elektrolyte bei Erhöhtem Druck. Doctoral dissertation, RWTH-Aachen; 1979.
23. In: Verfondern K. (Ed). Nuclear energy for hydrogen production (2007), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
24. Wang P., Anderko A., Springer R.D., and Young R.D. Modeling phase equilibria and speciation in mixed-solvent electrolyte systems: II. Liquid-liquid equilibria and properties of associating electrolyte solutions. J Mol Liquids 125 (2006) 37-44
25. Miles F.D., and Fenton J. The solubility of sulfur dioxide in sulfuric acid. J Chem Soc 117 (1920) 59-61
26. Kuznetsov D.A. Study of the equilibrium pressures of sulfur dioxide over water and aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (transl.). Zh Khim Prom (USSR) 18 22 (1941) 3-7
27. Miles F.D., and Carson T. Solubility of sulfur dioxide in fuming sulfuric acid. J Chem Soc (1946) 786-790
28. Maass C.E., and Maass O. Sulfur dioxide and its aqueous solutions. I. Analytical methods, vapor density and vapor pressure of sulfur dioxide. Vapor pressure and concentrations of the solutions. J Am Chem Soc 50 5 (1928) 1352-1368
29. Spall B.C. Phase equilibriums in the system sulfur dioxide-water from 25-300 °C. Can J Chem Eng 41 (1963) 79-83
30. van Berkum J.G., and Diepen G.A.M. Phase equilibriums in sulfur dioxide + water: the sulfur dioxide gas hydrate, two liquid phases, and the gas phase in the temperature range 273 to 400 K and at pressures up to 400 MPa. J Chem Thermodyn 11 (1979) 317-334
31. 2 production. Electrochem Solid-State Lett 10 (2007) E17-E19
32. Areva N.P. Olkiluoto 3, EPR - facts and figures. Available from: (May 29, 2008). http://www.ol3.areva-np.com/project/facts.htm
33. Summers WA. Centralized hydrogen production from nuclear power: infrastructure analysis and test-case design study - final project report. Phase B test-case preconceptual design, Savannah River National Laboratory Report No.WSRC-MS-2005-00693, Rev. 0; Apr 28, 2006.