A simple dynamical model with features of convective momentum transport

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 66, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 373-392

  Majda, Andrew J ^a   Stechmann, Samuel N ^a  

^a NEW YORK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BASIC MECHANISMS; CLASSICAL WAVES; CORIOLIS EFFECTS; COUPLED WAVES; DYNAMICAL MODELS; INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATIONS; LINEAR STABILITY THEORIES; MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATIONS; MEAN FLOWS; MOMENTUM TRANSPORTS; MULTI-SCALE; MULTISCALE NATURES; PARAMETERIZED; PARAMETERIZING; PROPAGATION DIRECTIONS; SPACE AND TIME; TIME-SCALE; WESTERLY WIND BURSTS; ZONAL MEAN FLOWS;

GRAVITATIONAL EFFECTS; MOMENTUM TRANSFER; WIND STRESS;

DYNAMIC MODELS;

ATMOSPHERIC CONVECTION; ATMOSPHERIC DYNAMICS; ATMOSPHERIC MODELING; CLIMATE OSCILLATION; CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; CORIOLIS FORCE; GRAVITY WAVE; JET; MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; MOMENTUM TRANSFER; PARAMETERIZATION;

EID: 65549133360     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2008JAS2805.1     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Baldwin, M., and Coauthors, 2001: The quasi-biennial oscillation. Rev. Geophys., 39, 179-229.
2. Barnes, G., and K. Sieckman, 1984: The environment of fast- and slow-moving tropical mesoscale convective cloud lines. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 1782-1794.
3. Biello, J. A., and A. J. Majda, 2005: Anew multiscale model for the Madden-Julian oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 1694-1721.
4. Biello, J. A., and A. J. Majda, 2009: Intraseasonal multiscale moist dynamics of the tropical atmosphere. Comm. Math. Sci., in press.
5. Bourlioux, A., and A. J. Majda, 1995: Theoretical and numerical structure of unstable detonations. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, 350A, 29-68.
6. Dudhia, J., M. Moncrieff, and D. So, 1987: The two-dimensional dynamics of West African squall lines. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 113, 121-146.
7. Grabowski, W. W., 2002: Large-scale organization of moist convection in idealized aquaplanet simulations. Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids, 39, 843-853.
8. Grabowski, W. W., 2003: MJO-like coherent structures: Sensitivity simulations using the cloud-resolving convection parameterization (CRCP). J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 847-864.
9. Grabowski, W. W., 2004: An improved framework for superparameterization. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 1940-1952.
10. Grabowski, W. W., and M. W. Moncrieff, 2001: Large-scale organization of tropical convection in two-dimensional explicit numerical simulations. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 445-468.
11. Grabowski, W. W., X. Wu, and M. W. Moncrieff, 1996: Cloud-resolving modeling of tropical cloud systems during Phase III of GATE. Part I: Two-dimensional experiments. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 3684-3709.
12. Held, I., R. Hemler, and V. Ramaswamy, 1993: Radiative-convective equilibrium with explicit two-dimensional moist convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3909-3927.
13. Hendon, H. H., and M. L. Salby, 1994: The life cycle of the Madden-Julian oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2225-2237.
14. Houze, R. A, Jr., S. S. Chen, D. E. Kingsmill, Y. Serra, and S. E. Yuter, 2000: Convection over the Pacific warm pool in relation to the atmospheric Kelvin-Rossby wave. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 3058-3089.
15. Johnson, R. H., T. M. Rickenbach, S. A. Rutledge, P. E. Ciesielski, and W. H. Schubert, 1999: Trimodal characteristics of tropical convection. J. Climate, 12, 2397-2418.
16. Khouider, B., and A. J. Majda, 2006a: Model multi-cloud parameterizations for convectively coupled waves: Detailed non-linear wave evolution. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 42, 59-80.
17. Khouider, B., and A. J. Majda, 2006b: Multicloud convective parametrizations with crude vertical structure. Theor. Comput. Fluid Dyn., 20, 351-375.
18. Khouider, B., and A. J. Majda, 2006c: A simple multicloud parameterization for convectively coupled tropical waves. Part I: Linear analysis. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 1308-1323.
19. Khouider, B., and A. J. Majda, 2007: A simple multicloud parameterization for convectively coupled tropical waves. Part II: Nonlinear simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 381-400.
20. Khouider, B., and A. J. Majda, 2008a: Equatorial convectively coupled waves in a simple multicloud model. J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 3376-3397.
21. Khouider, B., and A. J. Majda, 2008b: Multicloud models for organized tropical convection: Enhanced congestus heating. J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 895-914.
22. Kiladis, G. N., K. H. Straub, and P. T. Haertel, 2005: Zonal and vertical structure of the Madden-Julian oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 2790-2809.
23. LeMone, M., 1983: Momentum transport by a line of cumulonimbus. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1815-1834.
24. LeMone, M., G. Barnes, and E. Zipser, 1984: Momentum flux by lines of cumulonimbus over the tropical oceans. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1914-1932.
25. LeMone, M., E. Zipser, and S. Trier, 1998: The role of environmental shear and thermodynamic conditions in determining the structure and evolution of mesoscale convective systems during TOGA COARE. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 3493-3518.
26. Lin, J.-L., and Coauthors, 2006: Tropical intraseasonal variability in 14 IPCC AR4 climate models. Part I: Convective signals. J. Climate, 19, 2665-2690.
27. Lin, X., and R. H. Johnson, 1996: Kinematic and thermodynamic characteristics of the flow over the western Pacific warm pool during TOGA COARE. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 695-715.
28. Lucas, C., E. Zipser, and B. Ferrier, 2000: Sensitivity of tropical west Pacific oceanic squall lines to tropospheric wind and moisture profiles. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2351-2373.
29. Madden, R. A., and P. R. Julian, 1972: Description of global-scale circulation cells in the Tropics with a 40-50-day period. J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 1109-1123.
30. Madden, R. A., and P. R. Julian, 1994: Observations of the 40-50-day tropical oscillation - A review. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 814-837.
31. Majda, A. J., 2003: Introduction to PDEs and Waves for the Atmosphere and Ocean. Courant Lecture Notes in Mathematics, Vol. 9, American Mathematical Society, 234 pp.
32. Majda, A. J., 2007a: Multiscale models with moisture and systematic strategies for superparameterization. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 2726-2734.
33. Majda, A. J., 2007b: New multiscale models and self-similarity in tropical convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 1393-1404.
34. Majda, A. J., and R. Klein, 2003: Systematic multiscale models for the tropics. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 393-408.
35. Majda, A. J., and J. A. Biello, 2004: A multiscale model for tropical intraseasonal oscillation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 101, 4736-4741.
36. Majda, A. J., and Y. Xing, 2009: New multiscale models on mesoscales and squall lines. Comm. Math. Sci., in press.
37. Majda, A. J., S. N. Stechmann, and B. Khouider, 2007: Madden-Julian oscillation analog and intraseasonal variability in a multicloud model above the equator. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 104, 9919-9924.
38. Mapes, B. E., S. Tulich, J. Lin, and P. Zuidema, 2006: The mesoscale convection life cycle: Building block or prototype for large-scale tropical waves? Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 42, 3-29.
39. Masunaga, H., T. L'Ecuyer, and C. Kummerow, 2006: The Madden-Julian oscillation recorded in early observations from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 2777-2794.
40. Moncrieff, M. W., 1981: A theory of organized steady convection and its transport properties. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 107, 29-50.
41. Moncrieff, M. W., 1992: Organized convective systems: Archetypal dynamical models, mass and momentum flux theory, and parametrization. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 118, 819-850.
42. Moncrieff, M. W., 2004: Analytic representation of the large-scale organization of tropical convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 1521-1538.
43. Nakazawa, T., 1988: Tropical super clusters within intraseasonal variations over the western Pacific. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 66, 823-839.
44. Nicholls, M., R. Johnson, and W. Cotton, 1988: The sensitivity of two-dimensional simulations of tropical squall lines to environmental profiles. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3625-3649.
45. Roundy, P., and W. Frank, 2004: A climatology of waves in the equatorial region. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 2105-2132.
46. Stechmann, S. N., A. J. Majda, and B. Khouider, 2008: Nonlinear dynamics of hydrostatic internal gravity waves. Theor. Comp. Fluid Dyn., 22, 407-432.
47. Tulich, S. N., D. Randall, and B. Mapes, 2007: Vertical-mode and cloud decomposition of large-scale convectively coupled gravity waves in a two-dimensional cloud-resolving model. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 1210-1229.
48. Tung, W.-W., and M. Yanai, 2002a: Convective momentum transport observed during the TOGA COARE IOP. Part I: General features. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1857-1871.
49. Tung, W.-W., and M. Yanai, 2002b: Convective momentum transport observed during the TOGA COARE IOP. Part II: Case studies. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 2535-2549.
50. Vallis, G., 2006: Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics: Fundamentals and Large-Scale Circulation. Cambridge University Press, 745 pp.
51. Verhulst, F., 1990: Nonlinear Differential Equations and Dynamical Systems. Springer-Verlag, 303 pp.
52. Wheeler, M., and G. N. Kiladis, 1999: Convectively coupled equatorial waves: Analysis of clouds and temperature in the wavenumber-frequency domain. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 374-399.
53. Wu, X., and M. Yanai, 1994: Effects of vertical wind shear on the cumulus transport of momentum: Observations and parameterization. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1640-1660.
54. Wu, X., and M. Moncrieff, 1996: Collective effects of organized convection and their approximation in general circulation models. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1477-1495.
55. Wu, X., L. Deng, X. Song, and G. Zhang, 2007: Coupling of convective momentum transport with convective heating in global climate simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 1334-1349.
56. Yanai, M., B. Chen, and W.-W. Tung, 2000: The Madden-Julian oscillation observed during the TOGA COARE IOP: Global view. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2374-2396.
57. Yang, G., B. Hoskins, and J. Slingo, 2007a: Convectively coupled equatorial waves. Part I: Horizontal and vertical structures. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 3406-3423.
58. Yang, G., B. Hoskins, and J. Slingo, 2007b: Convectively coupled equatorial waves. Part II: Propagation characteristics. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 3424-3437.
59. Yang, G., B. Hoskins, and J. Slingo, 2007c: Convectively coupled equatorial waves. Part III: Synthesis structures and their forcing and evolution. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 3438-3451.