External influences on nocturnal thermally driven flows in a deep valley

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology

Volumn 48, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 3-23

  Schmidli, Juerg ^a,c   Poulos, Gregory S ^a   Daniels, Megan H ^b   Chow, Fotini K ^b  

^a NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (United States)

^b Berkeley   (United States)

^c NONE   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADVANCED REGIONAL PREDICTION SYSTEMS; CALIFORNIA; DEEP VALLEYS; EXTERNAL INFLUENCES; FLOW EVOLUTIONS; FLOW FEATURES; HIGH RESOLUTIONS; HIGH-PRESSURE RIDGES; HORIZONTAL GRID SPACINGS; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATIONS; LOCAL TIME; MEASUREMENT DATUM; STUDY AREAS; THERMAL FORCING; THERMALLY DRIVEN; VALLEY WINDS; WIND SYSTEMS;

CLOUDS; LARGE EDDY SIMULATION;

LANDFORMS;

LARGE EDDY SIMULATION; OROGRAPHIC EFFECT; VALLEY; WIND; WIND FORCING;

CALIFORNIA; NORTH AMERICA; OWENS VALLEY; UNITED STATES;

EID: 65349172053     PISSN: 15588424     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2008JAMC1852.1     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Banta, R. M., 1986: Daytime boundary-layer evolution over mountainous terrain. Part II: Numerical studies of upslope flow duration. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 1112-1130.
2. Banta, R. M., and W. R. Cotton, 1981: An analysis of the structure of local wind systems in a broad mountain bassin. J. Appl. Meteor., 20, 1255-1266.
3. Banta, R. M., and P. T. Gannon, 1995: Influence of soil moisture on simulations of katabatic flow. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 52, 85-94.
4. Barr, S., and M. M. Orgill, 1989: Influence of external meteorology on nocturnal valley drainage winds. J. Appl. Meteor., 28, 497-517.
5. Byun, D. W., 1990: On the analytical solutions of flux-profile relationships for the atmospheric surface layer. J. Appl. Meteor., 29, 652-657.
6. 2 with application for climate studies. J. Climate, 3, 209-217.
7. Chou, M.-D., 1992: A solar radiation model for climate studies. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 762-772.
8. Chou, M.-D., and M. J. Suarez, 1994: An efficient thermal infrared radiation parameterization for use in general circulation models. NASA Tech. Memo. 104606, Vol. 3, 102 pp.
9. Chow, F. K., A. P. Weigel, R. L. Street, M. W. Rotach, and M. Xue, 2006: High-resolution large-eddy simulations of flow in a steep Alpine valley. Part I: Methodology, verification, and sensitivity experiments. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 45, 63-86.
10. Cohn, S. A., W. O. J. Brown, and V. Grubisic, 2005: The Mobile Integrated Sounding System (MISS): Description and lessons from the Sierra Rotors Project. Preprints, 13th Symp. on Meteorological Observations and Instrumentation, Savannah, GA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 7.2. [Available online at http://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/94055.pdf.]
11. Colette, A., F. K. Chow, and R. L. Steet, 2003: A numerical study of inversion-layer breakup and the effects of topographic shading in idealized valleys. J. Appl. Meteor., 42, 1255-1272.
12. Coulter, R. L., and P. Gudiksen, 1995: The dependence of canyon winds on surface cooling and external forcing in Colorado's Front Range. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 1419-1429.
13. Daniels, M. H., F. K. Chow, and G. S. Poulos, 2006: Effects of soil moisture initialization on simulations of atmospheric boundary layer evolution in Owens Valley. Extended Abstracts, 12th Conf. on Mountain Meteorology, Santa Fe, NM, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 7.2. [Available online at http://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/114757.pdf.]
14. Davies-Jones, R., 2003: An expression for effective buoyancy in surroundings with horizontal density gradients. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 2922-2925.
15. Deardorff, J. W., 1972: Parametrization of the planetary boundary layer for use in general circulation models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 100, 93-106.
16. Deardorff, J. W., 1980: Stratocumulus-capped mixed layers derived from a 3-dimensional model. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 18, 495-527.
17. De Wekker, S. F. J., S. Zhong, J. D. Fast, and C. D. Whiteman, 1998: Anumerical study of the thermally driven plain-to-basin wind over idealized basin topographies. J. Appl. Meteor., 37, 606-622.
18. De Wekker, S. F. J., D. G. Steyn, J. D. Fast, M. W. Rotach, and S. Zhong, 2005: The performance of RAMS in representing the convective boundary layer structure in a very steep valley. Environ. Fluid Mech., 5, 35-62.
19. Doran, J. C., 1991: The effects of ambient winds on valley drainage flows. Bound-Layer Meteor., 55, 177-189.
20. Doran, J. C., J. D. Fast, and J. Horel, 2002: The VTMX 2000 campaign. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 83, 537-551.
21. Egger, J., S. Bajrachaya, U. Egger, R. Heinrich, J. Reuder, P. Shayka, H. Wendth, and V. Wirth, 2000: Diurnal winds in the Himalayan Kali Gandaki Valley. Part I: Observations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 1106-1122.
22. Estournel, C., and D. Guedalia, 1985: Influence of geostrophic wind on atmospheric nocturnal cooling. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2695-2698.
23. Fast, J. D., K. J. Allwine, R. N. Dietz, K. L. Clawson, and J. C. Torcolini, 2006: Dispersion of perfluorocarbon tracers within the Salt Lake valley during VTMX 2000. J. Appl. Meteor., 45, 793-812.
24. Fiedler, F., 1983: Einige Charakteristika der Strömung im Oberrheingraben. Wissenschaftliche Berichte des Instituts für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung der Universität Karlsruhe, Band 4, 113-123.
25. Gross, G., and F. Wippermann, 1987: Channeling and counter-current in the upper Rhine Valley: Numerical simulations. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 26, 1293-1304.
26. Grubišic, V., and Coauthors, 2008: The terrain-induced rotor experiment: A field campaign overview including observational highlights. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 89, 1513-1533.
27. Gudiksen, P. H., J. M. Leone Jr., C. W. King, D. Ruffieux, and W. D. Neff, 1992: Measurements and modeling of the effects of ambient meteorology on nocturnal drainage flows. J. Appl. Meteor., 31, 1023-1032.
28. Kossmann, M., and A. P. Sturman, 2003: Pressure-driven channeling effects in bent valleys. J. Appl. Meteor., 42, 151-158.
29. Kuwagata, T., and F. Kimura, 1995: Daytime boundary layer evolution in a deep valley. Part I: Observations in the Ina Valley. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 1082-1091.
30. Kuwagata, T., and F. Kimura, 1997: Daytime boundary layer evolution in a deep valley. Part II: Numerical simulation of the cross-valley circulation. J. Appl. Meteor., 36, 883-895.
31. Mahrt, L., 1982: Momentum balance of gravity flows. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 2701-2711.
32. McKee, T. B., and R. D. O'Neil, 1989: The role of valley geometry and energy budget in the formation of nocturnal valley winds. J. Appl. Meteor., 28, 445-456.
33. Merritt, D. A., 1995: A statistical averaging method for wind profiler Doppler spectra. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 12, 985-995.
34. Moeng, C.-H., 1984: A large-eddy simulation model for the study of planetary boundary-layer turbulence. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2052-2062.
35. Monin, A. S., and A. M. Obukhov, 1954: Basic laws of turbulent mixing in the ground layer of the atmosphere. Akad. Nauk SSSR Geofiz. Inst. Tr., 151, 163-187.
36. Morse, C. S., R. K. Goodrick, and L. B. Cornman, 2002: The NIMA method for improved moment estimation from Doppler spectra. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 19, 274-295.
37. Noilhan, J., and S. Planton, 1989: A simple parameterization of land surface processes for meteorological models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 536-549.
38. Noppel, H., and F. Fiedler, 2002: Mesoscale heat transport over complex terrain by slope winds - A conceptual model and numerical simulations. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 104, 73-97.
39. Oncley, S. P., and Coauthors, 2007: The Energy Balance Experiment EBEX-2000. Part I: Overview and energy balance. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 123, 1-28.
40. Ookouchi, Y., M. Segal, R. C. Kessler, and R. A. Pielke, 1984: Evaluation of soil moisture effects on the generation and modification of mesoscale circulations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 2281-2292.
41. Parsons, D., and Coauthors, 1994: The integrated sounding system: Description and preliminary observations from TOGA COARE. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 75, 553-567.
42. Poulos, G. S., and S. P. Burns, 2003: An evaluation of bulk Ribased surface layer flux formulas for stable and very stable conditions with intermittent turbulence. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 2523-2537.
43. Poulos, G. S., J. E. Bossert, R. A. Pielke, and T. B. McKee, 2000: The interaction of katabatic flow and mountain waves. Part I: Observations and idealized simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1919-1936.
44. Poulos, G. S., and J.E. Bossert, T.B. McKee, and R. A. Pielke, 2007: The interaction of katabatic flow and mountain waves. Part II: Case study analysis and conceptual model. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 1857-1879.
45. Rampanelli, G., D. Zardi, and R. Rotunno, 2004: Mechanisms of upvalley winds. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 3097-3111.
46. Ren, D., and M. Xue, 2004: A revised force-restore model for land surface modeling. J. Appl. Meteor., 43, 1768-1782.
47. Rotach, M. W., and D. Zardi, 2007: On the boundary-layer structure over highly complex terrain: Key findings from MAP. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 133, 937-948.
48. Schmidli, J., and G. S. Poulos, 2006: High-resolution modeling of the nighttime boundary layer evolution in the Owens valley: Comparison to observations. Extended Abstracts, 12th Conf. on Mountain Meteorology, Santa Fe, NM, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 7.1. [Available online at http://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/114527.pdf.]
49. Smith, C. M., and E. D. Skyllingstad, 2005: Numerical simulation of katabatic flow with changing slope angle. Mon. Wea. Rev., 133, 3065-3080.
50. Steeneveld, G. J., B. J. H. van de Wiel, and A. A. M. Holtslag, 2006: Modeling the evolution of the atmospheric boundary layer coupled to the land surface for three contrasting nights in CASES-99. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 920-935.
51. Steinacker, R., 1984: Area-height distribution of a valley and its relation to the valley wind. Contrib. Atmos. Phys., 57, 64-71.
52. Tao, W.-K., S. Lang, J. Simpson, C.-H. Sui, B. Ferrier, and M.-D. Chou, 1996: Mechanism of cloud-radiation interaction in the tropics and midlatitude. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2624-2651.
53. Vergeiner, I., and E. Dreiseitl, 1987: Valley winds and slope winds - Observations and elementary thoughts. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 36, 264-286.
54. Wagner, A., 1938: Theorie und Beobachtung der periodischen Gebirgswinde. Gerl. Beitr. Geophys., 52, 408-449.
55. Weigel, A. P., F. K. Chow, M. W. Rotach, R. L. Street, and M. Xue, 2006: High-resolution large-eddy simulations of flow in a steep Alpine valley. Part II: Flow structure and heat budgets. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 45, 87-107.
56. Weigel, A. P., F. K. Chow, and M. Xue, 2007: The effect of mountainous topography on moisture exchange between the surface and the free atmosphere. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 125, 227-244.
57. Whiteman, C. D., 1989: Morning transition tracer experiments in a deep narrow valley. J. Appl. Meteor., 28, 626-635.
58. Whiteman, C. D., 1990: Observations of thermally developed wind systems in mountainous terrain. Atmospheric Processes over Complex Terrain, Meteor. Monogr., No. 23, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 5-42.
59. Whiteman, C. D., 2000: Mountain Meteorology: Fundamentals and Applications. Oxford University Press, 355 pp.
60. Whiteman, C. D., and J. C. Doran, 1993: The relationship between overlying synoptic-scale flows and winds within a valley. J. Appl. Meteor., 32, 1669-1682.
61. Wilczak, J. M., and Coauthors, 1995: Contamination of wind profiler data by migrating brids: Characteristics of corrupted data and potential solutions. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 12, 449-467.
62. Xue, M., K. K. Droegemeier, and V. Wong, 2000: The Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) - A multi-scale non-hydrostatic atmospheric simulation and prediction model. Part I: Model dynamics and verification. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 75, 161-193.
63. Xue, M., and Coauthors, 2001: The Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) - A multi-scale nonhydrostatic atmospheric simulation and prediction model. Part II: Model physics and applications. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 76, 143-165.
64. Xue, M., D.H.Wang, J. D. Gao, K. Brewster, and K. K. Droegemeier, 2003: The Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS), storm-scale numerical weather prediction and data assimilation. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 82, 139-170.
65. Zängl, G., J. Egger, and V. Wirth, 2001: Diurnal winds in the Himalayan Kali Gandaki Valley. Part II: Modeling. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 1062-1080.
66. Zhong, S. Y., and J. Fast, 2003: An evaluation of the MM5, RAMS, and Meso-Eta models at subkilometer resolution using VTMX field campaign data in the Salt Lake Valley. Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 1301-1322.