Incidence, virulence factors, and clonality among clinical strains of non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae isolates from hospitalized diarrheal patients in Kolkata, india

Journal of Clinical Microbiology

Volumn 47, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 1087-1095

  Chatterjee, S ^a   Ghosh, K ^a   Raychoudhuri, A ^a   Chowdhury, G ^a   Bhattacharya, M K ^a   Mukhopadhyay, A K ^a   Ramamurthy, T ^a   Bhattacharya, S K ^a   Klose, Karl E ^b   Nandy, R K ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHOLERA AND ENTERIC DISEASES   (India)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT SAN ANTONIO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE; CHOLERA TOXIN; GENOMIC DNA; RNA 16S; RNA 23S; VIRULENCE FACTOR; BACTERIAL DNA; BACTERIAL PROTEIN;

ACUTE DIARRHEA; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANIMAL CELL; ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL VIRULENCE; BACTERIUM ISOLATE; BIOFILM; CHILD; CHOLERA; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLONAL VARIATION; CYTOTOXICITY; ERYTHROCYTE; ESCHERICHIA COLI; FECES ANALYSIS; GENE MUTATION; HELA CELL; HEMOLYSIS; HOSPITAL PATIENT; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; INCIDENCE; INDIA; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RABBIT; SEROTYPE; STRAIN IDENTIFICATION; TYPE III SECRETION SYSTEM; VIBRIO CHOLERAE; AGED; ANIMAL; CHEMISTRY; DIARRHEA; DNA SEQUENCE; GENETICS; HOSPITALIZATION; INFANT; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; MICROBIOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; MOLECULAR GENETICS; MOUSE; NEWBORN; PRESCHOOL CHILD;

ANIMALIA; ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS; VIBRIO; VIBRIO CHOLERAE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ANIMALS; BACTERIAL PROTEINS; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CHOLERA; DIARRHEA; DNA, BACTERIAL; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; INDIA; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; MICE; MIDDLE AGED; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, DNA; VIBRIO CHOLERAE NON-O1; VIRULENCE FACTORS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 65249175025     PISSN: 00951137     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.02026-08     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Aldova, E., K. Laznickova, E. Stepankova, and J. Lietava. 1968. Isolation of nonagglutinable vibrios from an enteritis outbreak in Czechoslovakia. J. Infect. Dis. 118:25-31.
2. Basu, I., R. Mitra, P. K. Saha, A. N. Ghosh, J. Bhattacharya, M. K. Chakrabarti, Y. Takeda, and G. B. Nair. 1999. Morphological and cytoskelet al. changes caused by non-membrane damaging cytotoxin of Vibrio cholerae on int 407 and HeLa cells. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 179:255-263.
3. Bauer, A. W., W. M. Kirby, J. C. Sherris, and M. Turck. 1966. Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 45:493-496.
4. Bhattacharya, S. K., M. K. Bhattacharya, G. B. Nair, D. Dutta, A. Deb, T. Ramamurthy, S. Garg, P. K. Saha, P. Dutta, A. Moitra, B. K. Mandal, T. Shimada, Y. Takeda, and B. C. Deb. 1993. Clinical profile of acute diarrhoea cases infected with the new epidemic strain of Vibrio cholerae O139: designation of the disease as cholera. J. Infect. 27:11-15.
5. Bhattacharya, T., S. Chatterjee, D. Maiti, R. K. Bhadra, Y. Takeda, G. B. Nair, and R. K. Nandy. 2006. Molecular analysis of the rstR and orfU genes of the CTX prophages integrated in the small chromosomes of environmental Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139 strains. Environ. Microbiol. 8:526-534.
6. Brosius, J., A. Ullrich, M. A. Raker, A. Gray, T. J. Dull, R. R. Gutell, and H. F. Noller. 1981. Construction and fine mapping of recombinant plasmids containing the rrnB ribosomal RNA operon of E. coli. Plasmid 6:112-118.
7. Carroll, P. A., K. T. Tashima, M. B. Rogers, V. J. DiRita, and S. B. Calderwood. 1997. Phase variation in tcpH modulates expression of the ToxR regulon in Vibrio cholerae. Mol. Microbiol. 25:1099-1111.
8. Chakraborty, S., P. Garg, T. Ramamurthy, M. Thungapathra, J. K. Gautam, C. Kumar, S. Maiti, S. Yamasaki, T. Shimada, Y. Takeda, A. Ghosh, and G. B. Nair. 2001. Comparison of antibiogram, virulence genes, ribotypes and DNA fingerprints of Vibrio cholerae of matching serogroups isolated from hospitalised diarrhoea cases and from the environment during 1997-1998 in Calcutta, India. J. Med. Microbiol. 50:879-888.
9. Chatterjee, S., K. Ghosh, A. Raychoudhuri, A. Pan, M. K. Bhattacharya, A. K. Mukhopadhyay, T. Ramamurthy, S. K. Bhattacharya, and R. K. Nandy. 2007. Phenotypic and genotypic traits and epidemiological implication of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 strains in India during 2003. J. Med. Microbiol. 56:824-832.
10. Dalsgaard, A., M. J. Albert, D. N. Taylor, T. Shimada, R. Meza, O. Serichantalergs, and P. Echeverria. 1995. Characterization of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 serogroups obtained from an outbreak of diarrhea in Lima, Peru. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:2715-2722.
11. Dalsgaard, A., A. Forslund, L. Bodhidatta, O. Serichantalergs, C. Pitarangsi, L. Pang, T. Shimada, and P. Echeverria. 1999. A high proportion of Vibrio cholerae strains isolated from children with diarrhoea in Bangkok, Thailand are multiple antibiotic resistant and belong to heterogenous nonO1, non-O139 O-serotypes. Epidemiol. Infect. 122:217-226.
12. Dalsgaard, A., O. Serichantalergs, A. Forslund, W. Lin, J. Mekalanos, E. Mintz, T. Shimada, and J. G. Wells. 2001. Clinical and environmental isolates of Vibrio cholerae serogroup O141 carry the CTX phage and the genes encoding the toxin-coregulated pili. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39:4086-4092.
13. Dalsgaard, A., O. Serichantalergs, T. Shimada, O. Sethabutr, and P. Echeverria. 1995. Prevalence of Vibrio cholerae with heat-stable enterotoxin (NAG-ST) and cholera toxin genes: restriction fragment length polymorphisms of NAG-ST genes among V. cholerae O serogroups from a major shrimp production area in Thailand. J. Med. Microbiol. 43:216-220.
14. De, K., T. Ramamurthy, S. M. Faruque, S. Yamasaki, Y. Takeda, G. B. Nair, and R. K. Nandy. 2004. Molecular characterisation of rough strains of Vibrio cholerae isolated from diarrhoeal cases in India and their comparison to smooth strains. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 232:23-30.
15. De, K., T. Ramamurthy, A. C. Ghose, M. S. Islam, Y. Takeda, G. B. Nair, and R. K. Nandy. 2001. Modification of the multiplex PCR for unambiguous differentiation of the El Tor and classical biotypes of Vibrio cholerae O1. Indian J. Med. Res. 114:77-82.
16. DiRita, V. J. 1992. Co-ordinate expression of virulence genes by ToxR in Vibrio cholerae. Mol. Microbiol. 6:451-458.
17. Dziejman, M., E. Balon, D. Boyd, C. M. Fraser, J. F. Heidelberg, and J. J. Mekalanos. 2002. Comparative genomic analysis of Vibrio cholerae: genes that correlate with cholera endemic and pandemic disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99:1556-1561.
18. Dziejman, M., D. Serruto, V. C. Tam, D. Sturtevant, P. Diraphat, S. M. Faruque, M. H. Rahman, J. F. Heidelberg, J. Decker, L. Li, K. T. Montgomery, G. Grills, R. Kucherlapati, and J. J. Mekalanos. 2005. Genomic characterization of non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae reveals genes for a type III secretion system. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102:3465-3470.
19. Faruque, S. M., M. J. Albert, and J. J. Mekalanos. 1998. Epidemiology, genetics, and ecology of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 62:1301-1314.
20. Faruque, S. M., I. B. Naser, M. J. Islam, A. S. Faruque, A. N. Ghosh, G. B. Nair, D. A. Sack, and J. J. Mekalanos. 2005. Seasonal epidemics of cholera inversely correlate with the prevalence of environmental cholera phages. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102:1702-1707.
21. Guhathakurta, B., D. Sasmal, S. Pal, S. Chakraborty, G. B. Nair, and A. Datta. 1999. Comparative analysis of cytotoxin, hemolysin, hemagglutinin and exocellular enzymes among clinical and environmental isolates of Vibrio cholerae O139 and non-O1, non-O139. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 179:401-407.
22. Herrington, D. A., R. H. Hall, G. Losonsky, J. J. Mekalanos, R. K. Taylor, and M. M. Levine. 1988. Toxin, toxin-coregulated pili, and the toxR regulon are essential for Vibrio cholerae pathogenesis in humans. J. Exp. Med. 168: 1487-1492.
23. Holmgren, J. 1973. Comparison of the tissue receptors for Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli enterotoxins by means of gangliosides and natural cholera toxoid. Infect. Immun. 8:851-859.
24. Honda, T., and R. A. Finkelstein. 1979. Purification and characterization of a hemolysin produced by Vibrio cholerae biotype El Tor: another toxic substance produced by cholera vibrios. Infect. Immun. 26:1020-1027.
25. Hoshino, K., S. Yamasaki, A. K. Mukhopadhyay, S. Chakraborty, A. Basu, S. K. Bhattacharya, G. B. Nair, T. Shimada, and Y. Takeda. 1998. Development and evaluation of a multiplex PCR assay for rapid detection of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 20:201-207.
26. Joelsson, A., Z. Liu, and J. Zhu. 2006. Genetic and phenotypic diversity of quorum-sensing systems in clinical and environmental isolates of Vibrio cholerae. Infect. Immun. 74:1141-1147.
27. Kamble, T. K., S. R. More, S. S. Chavan, N. D. Kulkarni, N. S. Lodha, and A. S. Kamble. 2000. Clinical profile of non-O1 strain-O139 of Vibrio cholerae in the region of Ambajogai, Maharashtra. J. Assoc. Physicians India 48:505506.
28. Kaper, J. B., J. G. J. Morris, and M. Nishibuchi. 1988. DNA probes for pathogenic Vibrio species, p. 65-77. In F. C. Jenover (ed.), DNA probes for infectious diseases. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
29. Kaper, J. B., J. G. Morris, Jr., and M. M. Levine. 1995. Cholera. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 8:48-86.
30. Kaper, J. B., J. P. Nataro, N. C. Roberts, R. J. Siebeling, and H. B. Bradford. 1986. Molecular epidemiology of non-O1 Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio mimicus in the U. S. Gulf Coast region. J. Clin. Microbiol. 23:652-654.
31. Karaolis, D. K., J. A. Johnson, C. C. Bailey, E. C. Boedeker, J. B. Kaper, and P. R. Reeves. 1998. A Vibrio cholerae pathogenicity island associated with epidemic and pandemic strains. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:3134-3139.
32. Keasler, S. P., and R. H. Hall. 1993. Detecting and biotyping Vibrio cholerae O1 with multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Lancet 341:1661.
33. Klose, K. E., and J. J. Mekalanos. 1998. Distinct roles of an alternative sigma factor during both free-swimming and colonizing phases of the Vibrio cholerae pathogenic cycle. Mol. Microbiol. 28:501-520.
34. Kovach, M. E., M. D. Shaffer, and K. M. Peterson. 1996. A putative integrase gene defines the distal end of a large cluster of ToxR-regulated colonization genes in Vibrio cholerae. Microbiology 142:2165-2174.
35. Krukonis, E. S., and V. J. DiRita. 2003. From motility to virulence: sensing and responding to environmental signals in Vibrio cholerae. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 6:186-190.
36. Lauriano, C. M., C. Ghosh, N. E. Correa, and K. E. Klose. 2004. The sodium-driven flagellar motor controls exopolysaccharide expression in Vibrio cholerae. J. Bacteriol. 186:4864-4874.
37. Lin, W., K. J. Fullner, R. Clayton, J. A. Sexton, M. B. Rogers, K. E. Calia, S. B. Calderwood, C. Fraser, and J. J. Mekalanos. 1999. Identification of a Vibrio cholerae RTX toxin gene cluster that is tightly linked to the cholera toxin prophage. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:1071-1076.
38. Mitra, R. K., R. K. Nandy, T. Ramamurthy, S. K. Bhattacharya, S. Yamasaki, T. Shimada, Y. Takeda, and G. B. Nair. 2001. Molecular characterisation of rough variants of Vibrio cholerae isolated from hospitalised patients with diarrhoea. J. Med. Microbiol. 50:268-276.
39. Morris, J. G., Jr. 1994. Non-O group 1 Vibrio cholerae strains not associated with epidemic disease, p. 103-115. In I. K. Wachsmuth, P. A. Blake, and O. Olsvik (ed.), Vibrio cholerae and cholera: molecular to global perspectives. ASM Press, Washington, DC.
40. Mukhopadhyay, A. K., P. K. Saha, S. Garg, S. K. Bhattacharya, T. Shimada, T. Takeda, Y. Takeda, and G. B. Nair. 1995. Distribution and virulence of Vibrio cholerae belonging to serogroups other than O1 and O139: a nationwide survey. Epidemiol. Infect. 114:65-70.
41. Nandi, B., R. K. Nandy, S. Mukhopadhyay, G. B. Nair, T. Shimada, and A. C. Ghose. 2000. Rapid method for species-specific identification of Vibrio cholerae using primers targeted to the gene of outer membrane protein OmpW. J. Clin. Microbiol. 38:4145-4151.
42. Nandy, R. K., T. K. Sengupta, S. Mukhopadhyay, and A. C. Ghose. 1995. A comparative study of the properties of Vibrio cholerae O139, O1 and other non-O1 strains. J. Med. Microbiol. 42:251-257.
43. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. 2002. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing, 12th informational supplement. Approved standard M100-S12. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standard, Wayne, PA.
44. Nusrin, S., G. Y. Khan, N. A. Bhuiyan, M. Ansaruzzaman, M. A. Hossain, A. Safa, R. Khan, S. M. Faruque, D. A. Sack, T. Hamabata, Y. Takeda, and G. B. Nair. 2004. Diverse CTX phages among toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 strains isolated between 1994 and 2002 in an area where cholera is endemic in Bangladesh. J. Clin. Microbiol. 42:5854-5856.
45. Ogawa, A., J. Kato, H. Watanabe, K. Suzuki, S. Dohi, and T. Takeda. 1990. Cloning and nucleotide sequence determination of a heat-stable enterotoxin gene from Vibrio cholerae non-O1. Jpn. J. Med. Sci. Biol. 43:255.
46. Olsvik, O., J. Wahlberg, B. Petterson, M. Uhlen, T. Popovic, I. K. Wachsmuth, and P. I. Fields. 1993. Use of automated sequencing of polymerase chain reaction-generated amplicons to identify three types of cholera toxin subunit B in Vibrio cholerae O1 strains. J. Clin. Microbiol. 31:22-25.
47. O'Shea, Y. A., F. J. Reen, A. M. Quirke, and E. F. Boyd. 2004. Evolutionary genetic analysis of the emergence of epidemic Vibrio cholerae isolates on the basis of comparative nucleotide sequence analysis and multilocus virulence gene profiles. J. Clin. Microbiol. 42:4657-4671.
48. Ramamurthy, T., P. K. Bag, A. Pal, S. K. Bhattacharya, M. K. Bhattacharya, T. Shimada, T. Takeda, T. Karasawa, H. Kurazono, Y. Takeda, et al. 1993. Virulence patterns of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 strains isolated from hospitalised patients with acute diarrhoea in Calcutta, India. J. Med. Microbiol. 39:310-317.
49. Rudra, S., R. Mahajan, M. Mathur, K. Kathuria, and V. Talwar. 1996. Cluster of cases of clinical cholera due to Vibrio cholerae O10 in east Delhi. Indian J. Med. Res. 103:71-73.
50. Saha, P. K., H. Koley, and G. B. Nair. 1996. Purification and characterization of an extracellular secretogenic non-membrane-damaging cytotoxin produced by clinical strains of Vibrio cholerae non-O1. Infect. Immun. 64:31013108.
51. Saha, P. K., and G. B. Nair. 1997. Production of monoclonal antibodies to the non-membrane-damaging cytotoxin (NMDCY) purified from Vibrio cholerae O26 and distribution of NMDCY among strains of Vibrio cholerae and other enteric bacteria determined by monoclonal-polyclonal sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Infect. Immun. 65:801-805.
52. Sarkar, A., R. K. Nandy, G. B. Nair, and A. C. Ghose. 2002. Vibrio pathogenicity island and cholera toxin genetic element-associated virulence genes and their expression in non-O1 non-O139 strains of Vibrio cholerae. Infect. Immun. 70:4735-4742.
53. Sengupta, D. K., T. K. Sengupta, and A. C. Ghose. 1992. Major outer membrane proteins of Vibrio cholerae and their role in induction of protective immunity through inhibition of intestinal colonization. Infect. Immun. 60:4848-4855.
54. Sharma, C., M. Thungapathra, A. Ghosh, A. K. Mukhopadhyay, A. Basu, R. Mitra, I. Basu, S. K. Bhattacharya, T. Shimada, T. Ramamurthy, T. Takeda, S. Yamasaki, Y. Takeda, and G. B. Nair. 1998. Molecular analysis of non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae associated with an unusual upsurge in the incidence of cholera-like disease in Calcutta, India. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36:756763.
55. Taylor, R. K., V. L. Miller, D. B. Furlong, and J. J. Mekalanos. 1987. Use of phoA gene fusions to identify a pilus colonization factor coordinately regulated with cholera toxin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:2833-2837.
56. Waldor, M. K., and J. J. Mekalanos. 1996. Lysogenic conversion by a filamentous phage encoding cholera toxin. Science 272:1910-1914.
57. Yamai, S., T. Okitsu, T. Shimada, and Y. Katsube. 1997. Distribution of serogroups of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 non-O139 with specific reference to their ability to produce cholera toxin, and addition of novel serogroups. Kansenshogaku Zasshi 71:1037-1045.
58. Yu, R. R., and V. J. DiRita. 2002. Regulation of gene expression in Vibrio cholerae by ToxT involves both antirepression and RNA polymerase stimulation. Mol. Microbiol. 43:119-134.