Enhanced exciton diffusion in an organic photovoltaic cell by energy transfer using a phosphorescent sensitizer

Applied Physics Letters

Volumn 94, Issue 15, 2009, Pages

  Luhman, Wade A ^a   Holmes, Russell J ^a  

^a University of Minnesota   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

2-PHENYLPYRIDINE; DONOR LAYERS; ELECTRON DONORS; EXCITON DIFFUSION LENGTHS; EXCITON DIFFUSIONS; EXTERNAL QUANTUM EFFICIENCIES; IR(PPY)3; LOW CONCENTRATIONS; ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; POWER CONVERSION EFFICIENCIES; TRIPLET STATE;

CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; DIFFUSION; ENERGY TRANSFER; EXCITONS; IRIDIUM; LADDER NETWORKS; PHOSPHORESCENCE; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS; PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS;

LIGHT EMISSION;

EID: 65249109200     PISSN: 00036951     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.3120566     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. J. J. M. Halls, C. A. Walsh, N. C. Greenham, E. A. Marseglia, R. H. Friend, S. C. Moratti, and A. B. Holmes, Nature (London) 0028-0836 376, 498 (1995). 10.1038/376498a0
2. P. Peumans, S. Uchida, and S. R. Forrest, Nature (London) 0028-0836 425, 158 (2003). 10.1038/nature01949
3. P. Peumans, A. Yakimov, and S. R. Forrest, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 93, 3693 (2003). 10.1063/1.1534621
4. G. Yu, J. Gao, J. C. Hummelen, F. Wudl, and A. J. Heeger, Science 0036-8075 270, 1789 (1995). 10.1126/science.270.5243.1789
5. J. Xue, B. P. Rand, S. Uchida, and S. R. Forrest, Adv. Mater. (Weinheim, Ger.) 0935-9648 17, 66 (2005). 10.1002/adma.200400617
6. F. Yang, K. Sun, and S. R. Forrest, Adv. Mater. 19, 4166 (2007).
7. Y. Shao and Y. Yang, Adv. Mater. (Weinheim, Ger.) 0935-9648 17, 2841 (2005). 10.1002/adma.200501297
8. S. Sprouse, K. A. King, P. J. Spellane, and R. J. Watts, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 0002-7863 106, 6647 (1984). 10.1021/ja00334a031
9. K. A. King, P. J. Spellane, and R. J. Watts, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 0002-7863 107, 1431 (1985). 10.1021/ja00291a064
10. K. Tang, K. L. Liu, and I. Chen, Chem. Phys. Lett. 0009-2614 386, 437 (2004). 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.01.098
11. M. A. Baldo and S. R. Forrest, Phys. Rev. B 0163-1829 62, 10958 (2000). 10.1103/PhysRevB.62.10958
12. K. Goushi, R. Kwong, J. J. Brown, H. Sasabe, and C. Adachi, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 95, 7798 (2004). 10.1063/1.1751232
13. N. J. Turro, Modern Molecular Photochemistry (University Science Books, Sausalito, CA, 1991).
14. M. Pope and C. Swenberg, Electronic Processes in Organic Crystals, 1st ed. (Oxford University Press, New York, 1982).
15. R. Priestley, A. D. Walser, and R. Dorsinville, Opt. Commun. 0030-4018 158, 93 (1998). 10.1016/S0030-4018(98)00569-0
16. M. A. Baldo, D. F. O'Brien, M. E. Thompson, and S. R. Forrest, Phys. Rev. B 0163-1829 60, 14422 (1999). 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.14422
17. I. G. Hill and A. Kahn, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 84, 5583 (1998). 10.1063/1.368864
18. A. J. Makinen, I. G. Hill, and Z. H. Kafafi, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 92, 1598 (2002). 10.1063/1.1487917
19. D. F. O'Brien, M. A. Baldo, M. E. Thompson, and S. R. Forrest, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 74, 442 (1999). 10.1063/1.123055
20. B. P. Rand, J. Li, J. Xue, R. J. Holmes, M. E. Thompson, and S. R. Forrest, Adv. Mater. (Weinheim, Ger.) 0935-9648 17, 2714 (2005). 10.1002/adma.200500816
21. NPD: Stock number:LT-E101, Rubipy Scientific Inc., Ottawa, ON, Canada. Ir (ppy) 3: Kintec, Kowloon, Hong Kong. C60: Stock number:MR6LP, MER Corporation, Tucson, AZ 85706, USA. BCP: Stock number:L01378, Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA 01835, USA.
22. G. P. Kushto, W. Kim, and Z. H. Kafafi, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 86, 093502 (2005). 10.1063/1.1867568
23. V. P. Singh, B. Parsarathy, R. S. Singh, A. Aguilera, J. Anthony, and M. Payne, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 0927-0248 90, 798 (2006). 10.1016/j.solmat.2005.04.016
24. L. A. A. Pettersson, L. S. Roman, and O. Inganas, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 86, 487 (1999). 10.1063/1.370757
25. H. Choukri, A. Fischer, S. Forget, S. Chenais, M. Castex, D. Ades, A. Siove, and B. Geffroy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 89, 183513 (2006). 10.1063/1.2382730