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Volumn 113, Issue 15, 2009, Pages 6174-6181

Hydrolysis improves packing density of bromine-terminated alkyl-chain, silicon - carbon monolayers linked to silicon

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALKYL CHAINS; ATOMIC FORCES; CHARGE TRANSPORTS; CURRENT VOLTAGES; DIFFERENTIAL CAPACITANCES; FREE SI; IDEALITY FACTORS; INSULATING LAYERS; INTERMOLECULAR H BONDINGS; MOLECULAR COMPONENTS; PACKING DENSITIES; SCHOTTKY BARRIER HEIGHT MODELS; SCHOTTKY BARRIER HEIGHTS; SELF- ASSEMBLIES; STRUCTURAL CHANGES;

EID: 65249105539     PISSN: 19327447     EISSN: 19327455     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp9006125     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (20)

References (49)
  • 16
    • 65249183656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • While the Pauling-normalized group electronegativity of OH has been given as 3.4, compared to 3.5 for O and 2.8 for Br, in this case there are actual relevant experimental data, e.g, the dipole moment of bromoethane is 2.03 D, while that of ethanol is only 1.69 D
    • While the Pauling-normalized group electronegativity of OH has been given as 3.4, compared to 3.5 for O and 2.8 for Br, in this case there are actual relevant experimental data, e.g., the dipole moment of bromoethane is 2.03 D, while that of ethanol is only 1.69 D.
  • 19
    • 65249096955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • XPS measurements at low sample-detector angles have shown increase of both Br 3d and O 1s intensities, implying on the appearance of both Br and OH groups on top of the molecules.
    • XPS measurements at low sample-detector angles have shown increase of both Br 3d and O 1s intensities, implying on the appearance of both Br and OH groups on top of the molecules.
  • 20
    • 65249123828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • We relate the amount of oxygen on top of the monolayer before the hydrolysis to the high reactivity of the Br group as a good leaving group for nucleophylic substitution reactions
    • We relate the amount of oxygen on top of the monolayer before the hydrolysis to the high reactivity of the Br group as a good leaving group for nucleophylic substitution reactions.
  • 21
    • 65249151688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Although the appearance of native oxide on Si, H leads to a similar shift of the XPS Si 2p peak, in our case the amount of oxide changes only slightly after hydrolysis and, yet, the Si 2p peak shift is clear. Compare to ref 22
    • Although the appearance of native oxide on Si - H leads to a similar shift of the XPS Si 2p peak, in our case the amount of oxide changes only slightly after hydrolysis and, yet, the Si 2p peak shift is clear. Compare to ref 22.
  • 24
    • 65249166318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The presence of silicon oxide as indicated in the XPS spectrum, may contribute to the high thickness of the monolaver, as well
    • The presence of silicon oxide (as indicated in the XPS spectrum. Supporting Information, Figure SI-1) may contribute to the high thickness of the monolaver, as well.
    • Supporting Information, Figure SI-1)
  • 30
    • 65249142543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The silicon oxide is 6 (±1) % of the total coverage of the surface, as also agreed by XPS measurements.
    • The silicon oxide is 6 (±1) % of the total coverage of the surface, as also agreed by XPS measurements.
  • 31
    • 65249147515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The penetration of water and oxygen through the hydrophobic alkyl chain monolayer is less preferred than through the hydrophilic oxidized islands. Consequently, the oxide preferably grows in a lateral manner onto the silicon at the perimeter of the islands and around the islands, rather than in new locations below the bulk of the monolayer. In this way, the molecules in the periphery of the islands become less stable and can be disconnected under the alkaline conditions of the hydrolysis. The claim that molecules are less stable on oxidized silicon is easily demonstrated when immersing the silicon piece, covered with molecules, in HF solution for few minutes
    • The penetration of water and oxygen through the hydrophobic alkyl chain monolayer is less preferred than through the hydrophilic oxidized islands. Consequently, the oxide preferably grows in a lateral manner onto the silicon at the perimeter of the islands and around the islands, rather than in new locations below the bulk of the monolayer. In this way, the molecules in the periphery of the islands become less stable and can be disconnected under the alkaline conditions of the hydrolysis. The claim that molecules are less stable on oxidized silicon is easily demonstrated when immersing the silicon piece, covered with molecules, in HF solution for few minutes.
  • 39
    • 65249103719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • We define as positive a dipole whose positive pole is the one closest to the semiconductor surface
    • We define as positive a dipole whose positive pole is the one closest to the semiconductor surface.
  • 40
    • 65249111940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Note that n-type H-Si(111)/Hg contacts exhibited a nearly ohmic response at room temperature, with a very low SB. See ref 41
    • Note that n-type H-Si(111)/Hg contacts exhibited a nearly ohmic response at room temperature, with a very low SB. See ref 41.
  • 42
    • 65249187611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • After 40 min of hydrolysis, though, the trend is turned over: the currents in reverse bias and in low forward biases increase in comparison to the 20 min hydrolyzed monolayers, which is more typical for charge transport through silicon oxide see the Supporting Information, Figure SI-3, We assume that at this time scale of hydrolysis, the oxide in the layer becomes dominant in the charge transport
    • After 40 min of hydrolysis, though, the trend is turned over: the currents in reverse bias and in low forward biases increase in comparison to the 20 min hydrolyzed monolayers, which is more typical for charge transport through silicon oxide (see the Supporting Information, Figure SI-3). We assume that at this time scale of hydrolysis, the oxide in the layer becomes dominant in the charge transport.
  • 43
    • 65249171763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • We have also performed surface photovoltage (SPV) measurements on the Br-terminated monolayers before hydrolysis. Those measurements show only a small amount of band bending, despite the existence of an oxide. Comparing the SPV values of (non- hydrolyzed) Si-C11-Br with that of high quality Si-C12 (with no SiO2, we get a lower value for the Si-C11-Br than for the Si-C12 70 vs 100 mV, respectively, This means that the contribution of oxide to the band bending is negligible and, surely, does not increase the band bending in our case
    • 12 (70 vs 100 mV, respectively). This means that the contribution of oxide to the band bending is negligible and, surely, does not increase the band bending in our case.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.