Technical and economic analysis of repurposing a kraft pulp and paper mill to the production of ethanol

TAPPI Press - Engineering, Pulping and Environmental Conference 2008

Volumn 4, Issue , 2008, Pages 2722-2769

  Phillips, Richard B ^a   Jameel, Hasan ^b   Clark Jr , E Calvin ^b  

^a NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b BE&K Engineering Company   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CAPITAL COSTS; CASH COSTS; CELLULOSIC MATERIALS; ETHANOL PRODUCTIONS; ETHANOL SOLUTIONS; FIBER STRUCTURES; FINANCIAL MERITS; FINANCIAL RETURNS; FOREST BIOMASS; HIGH YIELDS; HOT WATERS; KRAFT PULP MILLS; KRAFT PULPING; LIGNIN CONTENTS; MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENTS; OPERATING PERSONNELS; PROCESS SIMULATIONS; PULP AND PAPER MILLS; REPURPOSING;

BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING; BIOMASS; CATALYSTS; COMPETITION; COSTS; DEPRECIATION; DISTILLATION; ECONOMIC ANALYSIS; ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS; ENZYMES; ETHANOL; EXTRACTION; HYDROLYSIS; KRAFT PROCESS; MOLECULAR SIEVES; PAPER AND PULP MILLS; PULP COOKING; SIEVES; SUGAR (SUCROSE); SUGARS; SUPPLY CHAINS; WATER; WATER CONTENT;

KRAFT PULP;

BIOMASS; BIOTECHNOLOGY; CATALYSTS; DEPRECIATION; DISTILLATION; ECONOMIC ANALYSIS; ENZYMOLYSIS; EXTRACTION; HEATING; KRAFT PULPS; MOISTURE CONTENT; MOLECULAR SIEVES; PAPER MILLS; SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT;

EID: 65249089824     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (16)

1. Wooley, Robert, Ruth, M., Sheehan, J, Ibsen, K, Lignocellulosic Biomass to Ethanol Process Design and Economics Utilizing Co-Current Dilute Acid Prehydrolysis and Enzymatic Hydrolysis: Current and Futuristic Scenarios
2. RISI, Pulp and Paper Week, April 4, 2008, Volume 30 (13).
3. The USDA Forest Service periodically inventories and reports detailed information on the forests of the United States (http://fia.fs.fed.us/). The FIA estimates hardwood harvesting residuals at 40% and loblolly pine residuals at 15%.
4. WinGEMS V5.3 simulation software, Pacific Simulation, Moscow, ID.
5. Amidon, T.E., T.S. Bolton, R.C. Francis, and K. Gratien, "Effect of Hot Water Pre-Extraction on Alkaline Pulping of Hardwoods", 2006 TAPPI Engineering, Pulping & Environmental Conference.
6. Yoon, Sung - Hoon, K. MacEwan, A. van Heiningen, 2006 TAPPI Engineering, Pulping & Environmental Conference.
7. Frederick, W.J., S.J. Lien, C. Courchene, A.J. Ragauskas, and K. Lisa, "Co-Production of Ethanol and Cellulose Fiber from Southern Pine: A Technical and Economic Assessment", 2006 TAPPI Engineering, Pulping & Environmental Conference.
8. IRS Publication 946, 2006, p. 29.
9. Return on Investment (ROI) = Net After Tax Income/Capital Employed. Free Cash Flow = Net After Tax Income + Depreciation - New Fixed Capital Investment. Free Cash Flow is a direct measure of Mill cash earnings including the capital investment required to sustain operation.
10. Replacement Asset Value is the estimated capital cost to replace existing equipment with a newly constructed plant of the same capacity and technology, but in current (or in this study, $2009).
11. Jameel, et al, "Effect of Lignin Content of Pre-hydrolyzed Pulp on Enzymatic Hydrolysis" submitted for publication, 2008.
12. Vincent Chiang and co-workers, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
13. Aden, A, M. Ruth, K. Ibsen, J. Jechura, K. Neeves, J. Sheehan, and B. Wallace, "Lignocellulosic Biomass to Ethanol Process Design and Economics Utilizing Co-Current Dilute Acid Prehydrolysis and Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Corn Stover. June 2002. NREL/TP-510-32438
14. Nguyen, Q.A. and J.N. Saddler, "An Integrated Model of the Technical and Economic Evaluation of an Enzymatic Biomass Conversion Process", Bioresource Technology 35 (1991) 275-282.
15. http://www.energy.gov/news/4827.htm
16. Volumetric Energy Excise Tax Credit (VEETC) is directed at the production of transportation-related fuels. The alcohol fuels excise tax exemption first appeared in Section 221 of the Energy Tax Act of 1978 (Public Law 95-618) in order to address gasoline shortages. This exemption was replaced in 2004 with VEETC by Section 301 of the American Jobs Creation Act (AJCA) (Public Law 108-357). The AJCA extended the benefit through 2010. VEETC provides ethanol blenders/retailers with 51-cents-per-pure-gallon of ethanol.