Provenance of the Arroyo del Soldado Group (Ediacaran to Cambrian, Uruguay): Implications for the paleogeographic evolution of southwestern Gondwana

Precambrian Research

Volumn 171, Issue 1-4, 2009, Pages 57-73

  Blanco, Gonzalo ^a   Rajesh, H M ^a   Gaucher, Claudio ^b   Germs, Gerard J B ^a   Chemale Jr , Farid ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG   (South Africa)

^b FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS   (Uruguay)

^c FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Arroyo del Soldado Group; Detrital zircons; Neoproterozoic; Provenance; R o de la Plata Craton; SW Gondwana

Indexed keywords

CAMBRIAN; CRATON; EDIACARAN; GONDWANA; NEODYMIUM ISOTOPE; PALEOGEOGRAPHY; PETROGRAPHY; PROVENANCE; SILICICLASTIC DEPOSIT; URANIUM-LEAD DATING;

RIO DE LA PLATA; SOUTH AMERICA;

EID: 65049090940     PISSN: 03019268     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.precamres.2009.03.003     Document Type: Article

References (96)

1. Almeida D.P.M., Conceição R.V., Chemale Jr. F., Koester E., Borba A., and Petry K. Evolution of heterogeneous mantle in the Acampamento Velho and Rodeio Velho volcanic events, Camaquã Basin, Southern Brazil. Gondwana Res. 8 (2005) 479-492
2. Andersen T. Detrital zircons as tracers of sedimentary provenance: limiting conditions from statistics and numerical simulation. Chem. Geol. 216 (2004) 249-270
3. Babinski M., Chemale Jr. F., Hartmann L.A., Van Schmus W.R., and Silva L.C. Juvenile accretion at 750-700 Ma in southern Brazil. Geology 24 (1996) 439-442
4. Bahlburg H. The geochemistry and provenance of Ordovician turbidites in the Argentina Puna. In: Pankhurst R.J., and Rapela C.W. (Eds). The Proto-Andean Margin of Gondwana vol. 142 (1998), Geol. Soc. London Sp. Pub. 127-142
5. Basei M.A.S., Frimmel H.E., Nutman A.P., Preciozzi F., and Jacob J. A connection between the Neoproterozoic Dom Feliciano (Brazil/Uruguay) and Gariep (Namibia/South Africa) orogenic belts-evidence from a reconnaissance provenance study. Precambrian Res. 139 (2005) 195-221
6. Basei, M.A.S., Siga, J.R.O., Masquelin, H., Harara, O.M., Reis Neto, J.M., Preciozzi, E., 2000. The Dom Feliciano Belt of Brazil and Uruguay and its foreland domain, the Rio de la Plata Craton. In: Cordani, U., Milani, E., Thomaz Filho, A., Campos, D. (Eds.), Tectonic Evolution of South America, In-Fólio Produção Editorial, Gráfica e Programação Visual, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 311-334.
7. Bhatia M.R., and Crook K.A.W. Trace elements characteristics of graywackes and tectonic setting discrimination of sedimentary basins. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 92 (1986) 181-193
8. Blanco G., and Gaucher C. Estratigrafia, paleontologia y edad de la Formacion Las Ventanas (Neoproterozoico, Uruguay). Latin Am. J. Sed. Basin Anal. 12 (2005) 109-124
9. Borba W.A., Mizusaki A.M.P., Andrade Da Silva D.R., Koester F., and Casagrande J. Provenance of the Neoproterozoic Maricá Formation (Sul-rio-grandense Shield, Southern Brazil): petrographic and Sm-Nd isotopic constraints. Gondwana Res. 9 (2006) 464-474
10. Bossi J., and Campal N. Magmatismo y tectonica transcurrente durante el Paleozoico Inferior en Uruguay. In: Gutierrez-Marco J.G., Saavedra J., and Rabano I. (Eds). Paleozoico Inferior de Iberoamérica (1992), Mérida 343-356
11. Bossi J., Campal N., Civetta L., Demarchi G., Girardi V., Mazzucchelli M., Negrini L., Rivalenti G., Fragoso Cesar A., Sinigoi S., Texexeira W., Piccirillo E., and Molesini M. Early proterozoic dike swarms from western Uruguay: geochemistry, Sr-Nd isotopes and petrogenesis. Chem. Geol. 106 (1993) 263-277
12. Bossi, J., Campal, N., Hartamann, L.A., Schipilov, A., 2001. Predevoniano en el Uruguay: terrenos y SHRIMP II. - XI Congreso Latinoamericano y III Congreso Uruguayo de Geología, Actas (CD-ROM), Montevideo (2001) Nr. 94.
13. Bossi, J., Ferrando, L., Montaña, J., Campal, N., Morales, H., Gancio, F., Schipilov, A., Piñeyro, D., Sprechmann, P., 1998. Carta Geológica del Uruguay, Escala 1/500.000. Versión 1.0 Digital. Geoeditores-Facultad de Agronomía, Montevideo.
14. Bossi J., and Gaucher C. The Cuchilla Dionisio Terrane, Uruguay: an allochtonous block accreted in the Cambrian to SW-Gondwana. Gondwana Res. 7 (2004) 661-674
15. Campal, N., Gancio, F., 1993. Associación volcanitas-piroclastitas de los Cerros Aguirre (Depto. Rocha): una nueva formación y sus implicancias en la evolución del Brasiliano en Uruguay. 1st Simposio Internacional del Neoproterozóico-Cambrico de la Cuenca del Plata, La Paloma, Uruguay, p. 44.
16. Campal N., and Schipilov A. The Illescas bluish quartz rapakivi granite (Uruguay-South America): some geological features. Symp. Rapakivi Granites and Related Rocks. Belém, Brazil (1995) 18
17. Chemale Jr. F. Evolução geologica do Escudo Sul-riograndense. In: Holz M., and De Ros L.E. (Eds). Geologia do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre (2000) 133-160
18. Chew D.M., Kirkland C.L., Schaltegger U., and Goodhue R. Neoproterozoic glaciation in the Proto-Andes: tectonic implications and global correlation. Geology 35 (2007) 1095-1099
19. Chew D.M., Magna T., Kirkland C.L., Miŝković A., Cardona A., Spikings R., and Schaltegger U. Detrital zircon fingerprint of the Proto-Andes: evidence for a Neoproterozoic active margin?. Precambrian Res. 167 (2008) 186-200
20. Cingolani, C., Santos, J.O., McNaughton, N., Hartmann, L., 2005. Geocronología U-Pb SHRIMP sobre circones del granitoide Montecristo, Tandil, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. XVI Congreso Geológico Argentino, La Plata (CD-ROM), 1p.
21. Cingolani, C., Spoturno, J., Bonhomme, M., 1990. Resultados mineralógicos preliminares sobre las unidades Piedras de Afilar, Lavalleja y Barriga Negra; R.O. del Uruguay. In: Actas (vol. 1), I Congreso Uruguayo Geología, Sociedad Uruguaya de Geología, Montevideo, pp. 11-17.
22. DePaolo D. Trace element and isotopic effects of combined wallrock assimilation and fractional crystallization. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 53 (1981) 189-202
23. DePaolo D.J., and Wasserburg G.J. Nd isotopic variations and petrogenetic models. Geophys. Res. Lett. 3 (1976) 249-252
24. Dickinson W.R. Interpreting detrital modes of greywacke and arkose. J. Sedimentary Petrol. 40 (1970) 695-707
25. Dodson M.H., Compston W., Williams I.S., and Wilson J.F. A search for ancient zircons in Zimbabwe sediments. J. Geol. Soc. London 145 (1988) 977-983
26. Escayola M.P., Pimentel M.M., and Armstrong R. Neoproterozoic back arc basin: sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe U-Pb and Sm-Nd isotopic evidence from the Eastern Pampean Ranges, Argentina. Geology 35 (2007) 495-498
27. Frantz, J.C., McNaughton, N.J., Marques, J.C., Hartmann, L.A., Botelho, N.F., Caravaca, G., 2003. SHRIMP U-Pb zircon ages of granitoids from southernmost Brazil: constraints on the temporal evolution of the Dorsal de Canguşú transcurrent shear zone and the eastern Dom Feliciano Belt. IV South Am. Symposium on Isotope Geol., Salvador, Short Papers, pp. 174-177.
28. Frimmel H.E., and Fölling P.G. Late Vendian closure of the Adamastor Ocean: timing of tectonic inversion and syn-orogenic sedimentation in the Gariep Basin. Gondwana Res. 7 (2004) 685-699
29. Frimmel H.E., and Frank W. Neoproterozoic tectonothermal evolution of the Gariep Belt and its basement, Namibia/South Africa. Precambrian Res. 90 (1998) 1-28
30. Galindo C., Casquet C., Rapela C., Pankhurst R.J., Baldo E., and Saavedra J. Sr, C and O-isotope geochemistry of carbonates from the area of Sierra de Pie de Palo, Argentina: stratigraphy and constraints on the origin of the Western Sierras Pampeanas. Precambrian Res. 131 (2004) 55-71
31. Gastal M.C.P., Lafon J.M., Hartmann L.A., and Koester E. Sm-Nd isotope compositions as a proxy for magmatic processes during the Neoproterozoic of southern Brazilian shield. J. South Am. Earth Sci. 18 (2005) 255-276
32. Gaucher C. Sedimentology, palaeontology and stratigraphy of the Arroyo del Soldado Group (Vendian to Cambrian, Uruguay). Beringeria 26 (2000) 1-120
33. Gaucher C., Boggiani P.C., Sprechmann P., Sial A.N., and Fairchild T.R. Integrated correlation of the Vendian to Cambrian Arroyo del Soldado and Corumbá Groups (Uruguay and Brazil): palaeogeographic, palaeoclimatic and palaeobiologic implications. Precambrian Res. 120 (2003) 241-278
34. Gaucher C., Fimmel H.E., and Germs G.J.B. Organic-walled microfossils and biostratigraphy of the upper Port Nolloth Group (Namibia): implications for latest Neoproterozoic glaciations. Geol. Mag. 142 (2005) 539-559
35. Gaucher C., Finney S., Poiré D., Valencia V., Grove M., Blanco G., Paoumukaghlian L., and Peral L. Detrital zircon ages of Neoproterozoic sedimentary successions in Uruguay and Argentina: insights into the geological evolution of the Río de la Plata Craton. Precambrian Res. 167 (2008) 150-170
36. Gaucher C., and Germs G.J.B. Recent advances in South African Neoproterozoic-Early Palaeozoic biostratigraphy: correlation of the Cango Caves and Gamtoos Groups and acritarchs of the Sardinia Bay Formation, Saldania Belt. South Afr. J. Geol. 109 (2006) 193-214
37. Gaucher C., Sial A.N., Blanco G., and Sprechmann P. Chemostratigraphy of the lower Arroyo del Soldado Group (Vendian, Uruguay), and palaeoclimatic implications. Gondwana Res. 7 (2004) 715-730
38. Germs G.J.B. The Neoproterozoic of southwestern Africa, with emphasis on platform stratigraphy and paleontology. Precambrian Res. 73 (1995) 137-151
39. Goldstein S.L., O'Nions R.K., and Hamilton P.J. A Sm-Nd isotopic study of atmospheric dusts and particulates from major river systems. Earth Planet Sci. Lett. 70 (1984) 221-236
40. Gomez Rifas, C., 1995. A zona de cizalhamento sinistral de "Sierra Ballena" no Uruguai. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Instituto deGeociencias, Universidade de São Paulo, 244pp.
41. Goscombe B., and Gray D.R. The Coastal Terrane of the Kaoko Belt, Namibia: outboard arc-terrane and tectonic significance. Precambrian Res. 155 (2007) 139-158
42. 39Ar thermochronology of the Pan-African Damara Orogen, Namibia, with implications for tectonothermal and geodynamic evolution. Precambrian Res. 150 (2006) 49-72
43. Gresse P.G., Chemale F., da Silva L.C., Walraven F., and Hartmann L.A. Late- to post-orogenic basins of the Pan-African-Brasiliano collision orogen in southern Africa and southern Brazil. Basin Res. 8 (1996) 157-171
44. Hartmann L.A., Campal N., Santos J.O., Mac Naughton N.J., and Schipilov A. Archaean crust in the Río de la Plata Craton, Uruguay: SHRIMP U-Pb reconnaissance geochronology. J. South Am. Earth Sci. 14 (2001) 557-570
45. Hartmann L.A., Leite J.A.D., da Silva L.C., Remus M.V.D., McNaughton N.J., Groves D.I., Fletcher I.R., Santos J.O.S., and Vasconcellos M.A.Z. Advances in SHRIMP geochronology and their impact on understanding the tectonic and metallogenic evolution of southern Brazil. Aus. J. Earth Sci. 47 (2000) 829-844
46. Hartmann L.A., Nardi L.V.S., Formoso M.L.L., Remus M.V.D., de Lima E.F., and Mexias S.S. Magmatism and metallogeny in the crustal evolution of Rio Grande do Sul shield. Pesquisas 26 (1999) 73-92
47. Hartmann L.A., Santos J.O., Bossi J., Campal N., Schipilov A., and Mac Naughton N.J. Zircon and titanite U-Pb SHRIMP geochronology of Neoproterozoic felsic magmatism on the eastern border of the Rio de la Plata Craton, Uruguay. J. South Am. Earth Sci. 15 (2002) 229-236
48. Hoffman P.F., Kaufman A.J., Halverson G.P., and Schrag D.P. A Neoproterozoic snowball Earth. Science 281 (1998) 1342-1346
49. Janikian L., Paes de Almeida P., Trinidade R.I.F., Fragoso-Cesar A.R.S., D'Agrella Filho S.M., Dantas E.L., and Tohver E. Evidence of ice-free land low latitude volcanosedimentary sucesión in southern Brazil: implications for the "Gaskier" glaciaton. Terra Nova 20 (2008) 259-266
50. Kawashita K., Gaucher C., Sprechmann P., Teixeira W., and Victória R. Preliminary chemostratigraphic insights on carbonate rocks from Nico Pérez Terrane (Uruguay). Proceedings of the Actas II South American Symposium on Isotope Geology Córdoba (Argentina) (1999) 399-402
51. Koesler J., and Sylvester P.J. Present trends and the future of zircon in geochronology: laser ablation ICPMS. Rev. Mineral. Geochem. 53 (2003) 243-275
52. Leite J.A.D., Hartmann L.A., McNaughton N.J., and Chemale Jr. F. SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology of Neoproterozoic juvenile and crustal-reworked terranes in southernmost Brazil. Int. Geol. Rev. 40 (1998) 683-705
53. Ludwig K.J. Isoplot 3.00, vol. 4 (2003), Berkeley Geochronology Center Special Publication pp. 1-70
54. Machado N., Koppe J.C., and Hartmann L.A. A late Proterozoic U-Pb age for the Bossoroca Belt, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. J. South Am. Earth Sci. 3 (1990) 87-90
55. Mallmann G., Chemale Jr. F., Avila J.N., Kawashita K., and Armstrong R.A. Isotope geochemistry and geochronology of the Nico Pérez Terrane, Río de la Plata Craton, Uruguay. Gondwana Res. 12 (2007) 489-508
56. Mantovani M.S.M., Quintas M.C.L., Shukowsky W., and Brito Neves B.B. Delimitation of the Paranapanema Proterozoic block: a geophysical contribution. Episodes 28 (2005) 18-22
57. McLennan, S.M., Hemming, S., McDaniel, D.K., Hanson, G.N., 1993. Geochemical approaches to sedimentation, provenance and tectonics. In: Johnsson, M.J., Basu, A., (Eds.), Processes controlling the composition of clastic sediments. Geol. Soc. Am. Sp. Paper 284, 21-40.
58. McLennan S.M., Taylor S.R., and Hemming S.R. Composition, differentiation, and evolution of continental crust: constrains from sedimentary rocks and heat flow. In: Brown M., and Rushmer T. (Eds). Evolution and differentiation of the continental crust (2006), Cambridge Univ. Press 92-134
59. McLennan S.M., Taylor S.R., McCulloch M.T., and Maynard J.B. Geochemical and Nd-Sr isotopic composition of deep-sea turbidites: crystal evolution and plate tectonic associations. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 54 (1990) 2015-2050
60. Morad S., Ketzer J.M., and De Ros L.F. Spatial and temporal distribution of diagenetic alteration in siliciclastic rocks: implications for mass transfer in sedimentary basins. Sedimentology 47 (2000) 95-120
61. Morton A.C., and Hallsworth C.R. Processes controlling the composition of heavy mineral assemblages in sandstones. In: Bahlburg H., and Floyd P.A. (Eds). Advanced Techniques in Provenance Analysis of Sedimentary Rocks vol. 124 (1999), Sedimentary Geol 3-29
62. Mulcahy S.R., Roeske S.M., Mcclelland W.C., Nomade S., and Renne P.R. Cambrian initiation of the Las Pirquitas thrust of the western Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina: implications for the tectonic evolution of the proto-Andean margin of South America. Geology 35 (2007) 443-446
63. Nesbitt H.W., and Young G.M. Early Proterozoic climates and plate motions inferred from major element chemistry of lutites. Nature 299 (1982) 715-717
64. Oyhantçabal, P.B., Sánchez Bettucci, L., Peçoits, E., Aubet, N., Peel, E., Preciozzi, F., Basei, M.A.S., 2005. Nueva propuesta estratigrafica para las supracorticales del Cinturón Dom Feliciano (Proterozoico, Uruguay). XII Congreso Latinoamericano de Geología, Quito (CD-ROM).
65. Oyhantçabal P.B., Siegesmund S., Wemmer K., Frei R., and Layer P. Post-collisional transition from calc-alkaline to alkaline magmatism during transcurrent deformation in the southernmost Dom Feliciano Belt (Braziliano-Pan African Uruguay). Lithos 98 (2007) 141-159
66. Pamoukaghlian, K., Gaucher, C., Bossi, J., Sial, A.N., Poiré, D.G., 2006. First C and O isotopic data for the Piedras de Afilar Formation (Tandilia Terrane, Uruguay): their bearing on its correlation and age. V South American Symposium on Isotope Geology, Punta del Este, Short Papers, pp. 277-283.
67. Pankhurst R.J., Ramos A., and Linares E. Antiquity of the Rio de la Plata Craton in Tandilia, southern Buenos Aires province, Argentina. J. South Am. Earth Sci. 16 (2003) 5-13
68. Pecoits E., Gingras M., Aubet N., and Konhauser K. Ediacaran in Uruguay: palaeoclimatic and palaeobiological implications. Sedimentology 55 (2007) 689-719
69. Philipp R.P., Machado R., Nardi L.V.S., and Lafon J.M. O magmatismo granítico Neoproterozoíco do Batólito de Pelotas no sul do Brasil: Novos dados e revisão da geocronologia regional. Revista Brasileira de Geociencias 32 (2002) 277-290
70. Porcher C.C., McNaughton N.J., Leite J.A.D., Hartmann L.A., and Fernandes L.A.D. Idade SHRIMP em zircão: vulcanismo ácido do complexo metamórfico Porongos. Simpósio sobre Vulcanismo e Ambientes Associados 1 (1999) 110
71. Preciozzi F., Basei M.A.S., and Masquelin H. Tectonic domains of the Uruguayan Precambrian Shield. Proceedings of the Actas II South American Symposium of Isotope Geology. Cordoba, Argentina (1999) 344-345
72. Preciozzi, F., Basei, M.A.S., Peel, E., Sánchez Bettucci, L., Cordani, U., Oyhantçabal, P., 2003. Punta del Este Terrane: Mesoproterozoic Basement and Neoproterozoic cover. IV South American Symposium on Isotope Geology, Brazil.
73. Preciozzi F., and Bourne J.H. Petrography and geochemistry of the Arroyo de la Virgen and Isla Mala plutons, southern Urugauy: early Proterozoic tectonic implications. J. South Am. Earth Sci. 6 (1992) 169-181
74. Ramos V. Late proterozoic-early paleozoic of South America: a collisional history. Episodes 11 (1988) 168-174
75. Ramos V.A. The southern central Andes. In: Cordani U., Milani E., Thomaz Filho A., and Campos D. (Eds). Tectonic Evolution of South America. 31st International Geological Congress. Rio Janeiro (2000) 561-604
76. Rapalini A.E., and Sánchez Bettucci L. Widespread remagnetization of late Proterozoic sedimentary units of Uruguay and the apparent polar wander path for the Rio de La Plata craton. Int. J. Geophys. 174 (2008) 55-74
77. Rapela C.W., Pankhurst R.J., Casquet C., Fanning C.M., Baldo E.G., González-Casado J.M., Galindo C., and Dahlquist J. The Río de la Plata Craton and the assembly of SW Gondwana. Earth Sci. Rev. 83 (2007) 49-82
78. Remus M.V.D., McNaugton N.J., Hartmann L.A., Koppe J.C., Fletcher I.R., Groves D.I., and Pinto V.M. Gold in the Neoproterozoic juvenile Bossoroca volcanic arc of southernmost Brazil: isotopic constraints on timing and sources. J. South Am. Earth Sci. 12 (1999) 349-366
79. Ribot, A., Bossi, J., Cingolani, C.A., Piñeyro, D., 2005. Caracterización petrográfica de la faja milonítica Colonia-Arroyo Pavón en el Sur del Terreno Piedra Alta, Uruguay: Zona de cizalla principal en basamento precámbrico? XVI Congreso Geológico Argentino, La Plata (CD-ROM).
80. Rivalenti G., Mazzucchelli M., Molesini M., Petrini R., Girardi V.A.V., Bossi J., and Campal N. Petrology of Late Proterozoic mafic dikes in the Nico Pérez region, central Uruguay. Mineral. Petrol. 55 (1995) 239-263
81. Ryan M.K., and William D.M. Testing the reliability of discrimination diagrams for determining the tectonic depositional environment of ancient sedimentary basins. Chem. Geol. 242 (2007) 103-125
82. Saalmann K., Hartmann L.A., Remus M.V.D., Koester E., and Coincencão ̧ R.V. Sm-Nd isotope geochemistry of metamorphic volcanosedimentary successions in the São Gabriel Block, southernmost Brazil: evidence for the existence of juvenile Neoproterozoic oceanic crust to the east of the Río de la Plata Craton. Precambrian Res. 136 (2005) 159-175
83. Sánchez-Bettucci, L., Pazos, P.J., 1996. Análisis Paleoambiental y marco tectónico de la cuenca Playa Verde, Piriápolis, Uruguay. XII: Congreso Geológico Argentino y III Congreso de Exploración de Hidrocarburos, Buenos Aires I, pp. 405-412.
84. Schmitt R.D.S., Trouw R.A.J., Van Schmus W.R., and Pimentel M.M. Late amalgamation in the central part of West Gondwana: new geochronological data and the characterization of a Cambrian collisional orogeny in the Ribeira Belt (SE Brazil). Precambrian Res. 133 (2004) 29-61
85. Schwartz J.J., and Gromet L.P. Provenance of a late Proterozoic-Early Cambrian basin, Sierras de Córdoba, Argentina. Precambrian Res. 129 (2004) 1-21
86. Silva L.C., Hartmann L.A., McNaughton N.J., and Fletcher I.R. SHRIMP U/Pb zircon dating of Neoproterozoic granitic magmatism and collision in the Pelotas Batholith, southernmost Brazil. Int. Geol. Rev. 41 (1999) 531-551
87. Sprechmann P., Gaucher C., Blanco G., and Montaa J. Stromatolitic and trace fossils community of the Cerro Victoria Formation, Arroyo del Soldado Group (lowermost Cambrian, Uruguay). Gondwana Res. 7 (2004) 753-766
88. Stanistreet I.G., Kukla P.A., and Henry G. Sedimentary basinal responses to a Late Precambrian Wilson cycle: the Damara Orogen and Nama Foreland, Namibia. J. Afr. Earth Sci. 13 (1991) 141-156
89. Taylor S.R., and McLennan S.M. The Continental Crust: Its Composition and Evolution (1985), Blackwell, Oxford
90. 39Ar data provide new clues for intraplate rifting shortly after transamazonian orogeny. Precambrian Res. 119 (2002) 329-353
91. 39 and Rb/Sr geochronology of the Uruguay dike swarm, Río de la Plata Craton. Precambrian Res. 93 (1999) 153-180
92. Umpierre M., and Halpern M. Edades Sr-Rb del Sur de la República Oriental del Uruguay. Revista Asociación Geológica Argentina 26 (1971) 133-155
93. von Eynatten H., Barceló-Vidal C., and Pawlowsky-Glahn V. Composition and discrimination of sandstones: a stochastic evaluation of different analytical methods. J. Sedimentary Res. 73 (2003) 47-57
94. Zhao J.X., McCulloch M.T., and Bennett V.C. Sm-Nd and U-Pb zircon isotope constraints on the provenance of sediments from the Amadeus Basin, central Australia: evidence for REE fractionation. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56 (1992) 921-940
95. Zimmermann U. Provenance studies of very low-to low-grade metasedimentary rocksof the Puncoviscana complex, northwest Argentina. In: Vaughan A.P.M., Leat P.T., and Pankhurst R.J. (Eds). Terrane processes at the margins of Gondwana vol. 246 (2005), Geol. Soc. London Sp. Pub 381-416
96. Zimmermann U., and Bahlburg H. Provenance analysis and tectonic setting of the Ordovician clastic deposits in the southern Puna Basin, NW Argentina. Sedimentology 50 (2003) 1079-1104