Hobbes and independency

Rivista di Storia della Filosofia

Volumn 59, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 155-173

  Sommerville, Johann ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 64949181145     PISSN: 03932516     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Edwin Curley, "I Durst Not Write So Boldly" or How to Read Hobbes' Theological-Political Treatise. In Hobbes e Spinoza, Scienza e politica, edited by D. Bostrenghi. Naples, Bibliopolis, 1992
2. Curley, "Calvin and Hobbes, or, Hobbes as an Orthodox Christian", Journal of the History of Philosophy 34(1996), 257-283
3. A. P. Martinich, "On the Proper Interpretation of Hobbes's Philosophy", in Journal of the History of Philosophy 34(1996), 273-283
4. Curley, "Religion and Morality in Hobbes", in Rational Commitment and Social Justice: Essays for Gregory Kavka, ed. J. L. Coleman and C. W. Morris, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1998
5. A. P. Martinich, Hobbes. A Biography, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1999, 172
6. Hobbes, Behemoth or the Long Parliament, ed. Ferdinand Tonnies, with an introduction by Stephen Holmes, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1990, 136: the preaching of power-hungry clerics led to the formation in England of «a great number of sects, as Brownists, Anabaptists, Independents, Fifth-monarchy-men, Quakers, and divers others, all commonly called by the name of fanatics»
7. Hobbes, Leviathan, ed. Tuck, 223 (ch. 29; ed. 1651, p. 168)
8. Hobbes, Leviathan, ed. Tuck, 484-5 ('Review, and Conclusion'; ed. 1651, p. 390)
9. Jeffery R. Collins, "Christian Ecclesiology and the composition of Leviathan: a newly discovered letter to Thomas Hobbes", in Historical Journal 43(2000), 217-31, at 218
10. Quentin Skinner, "History and ideology in the English Revolution", in Historical Journal 8(1965), 151-78
11. Skinner, "The context of Hobbes's theory of political obligation", in Maurice Cranston and Richard S. Peters, eds., Hobbes and Rousseau, New York, 109-42
12. Skinner, "Conquest and consent: Thomas Hobbes and the Engagement controversy", in G. E. Aylmer, ed., The Interregnum: the Quest for a Settlement, London, 79-98
13. Johann P. Sommerville, Thomas Hobbes: Political Ideas in Historical Context, London, Macmillan, 1992, 120
14. Nicholas Pocock, "Illustrations of the State of the Church during the Great Rebellion", in The Theologian and Ecclesiastic 6(1848), 161-75, at 170, 172, 173; the originals are in B. L. Harleian MS 6942, letters 127, 128, 130
15. Richard Tuck, Hobbes, Oxford, Oxford University Press 1989, 29-30, 32
16. Tuck, Philosophy and Government 1572-1651, Cambridge University Press, 1993, 336
17. Tuck, Philosophy and Government, 343
18. Tuck, Hobbes, 35
19. Collins, "Christian Ecclesiology and the composition of Leviathan: a newly discovered letter to Thomas Hobbes", 227-8
20. M. R. Sommerville, "Independent Thought, 1603-1649", unpublished Cambridge University Ph. D. dissertation, 1982, 5-11
21. I am much indebted for what follows to this fine dissertation, the fullest and best account of its subject. Other important discussions of the Independents and their origins and contexts include Murray Tolmie, The Triumph of the Saints, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1977
22. Champlin Burrage, The Early English Dissenters in the Light of Recent Research, 2 vols., Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1912
23. A. Zakai, "Religious Toleration and its Enemies: the Independent Divines and the Issue of Toleration during the English Civil War", in Albion 21(1989), 1-33
24. G. Yule, The Independents and the English Civil War, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1958
25. A Declaration of the Faith and Order owned and practised in the Congregational Churches in England; agreed upon by their Elders and Messengers in their meeting at the Savoy, Octob. 12 1658, London 1659, 24-5
26. The Savoy Declaration is the usual name given to A Declaration of the Faith and Order owned and practised in the Congregational Churches (see previous note for full title). The complete text is available at http://www.reformed. org/documents/index.html?mainframe=index-docu.html. Substantial extracts are in Gerald Bray, ed., Documents of the English Reformation, Minneapolis, Fortress Press, 1994, 521-43
27. Similar warnings against using human prudence to add to the bible's requirements on religious rites occur in e..g Thomas Goodwin et al., An Apologeticall Narration humbly submitted to the honourable Houses of Parliament, London 1643, 10
28. Sidrach Simpson, Reformation's Preservation, London 1643, 4
29. John Owen, The Duty of Pastors and People distinguished, London 1644, 42-3, 38. Owen describes himself as a Presbyterian at p. 42, but he did not change his mind on these points when he became an Independent
30. Independents commonly linked Antichrist to popery and to the government and ceremonies of the English church as it existed before 1640: Christopher Hill, Antichrist in Seventeenth-Century England, London, Oxford University Press, 1971, 24, 28, 82-3
31. Owen, A Review of the True nature of Schisme, Oxford 1657, 37-8
32. Burroughes, Sions Joy. A Sermon preached to the Honourable House of Commons, 1641, 19
33. William Bridge, The Wounded Conscience Cured, London 1642, 4, 26, 11, 31
34. Bridge, The Truth of the Times Vindicated, London 1643, 4, 7, 14
35. Borroughes, Sions Joy, 27
36. Burroughes, The Glorious Name of God, The Lord of Hosts, London 1643, 27 (estates), 124 (bible), 51 (yeomanry), 144 (ignorance of liberties)
37. Burroughes, Irenicum, 153 (princes boundless)
38. Burroughes, Glorious Name, 134
39. The theme of the saints in arms is explored in Leo Solt, The Saints in Arms: Puritanism and Democracy in Cromwell's Army, Stanford University Press, 1959
40. and Michael Walzer, The Revolution of the Saints; a Study in the Origins of Radical Politics, Harvard University Press, 1965
41. Bridge, The True Souldiers Convoy, Rotterdam 1640, 8. Burroughes, Sions Joy, 26, notes that the saints rejoice that «our representative Kingdome, yea, and the body of the Kingdome should enter into the Oath and Covenant with the Lord, to defend his truth against Popery and Popish Innovations»
42. Thomas Goodwin, The Great Interest of States & Kingdomes, 1646, 41-2
43. Goodwin, A Glimpse of Syons Glory, London 1641, 14-15, 17, 32
44. Owen, The Advantage of the Kingdome of Christ in the Shaking of the Kingdoms of the World: or, Providentiall Alterations in the Subserviency to Christ's Exaltation, Oxford 1651, sig. A2a, 17
45. Simpson, Reformation's Presenation, 25-6
46. Burroughes, A Sermon preached before the Right Honourable the House of Peeres, 1646, sig. A2b
47. he argues similarly in Burroughes, Irenicum, 18, 24
48. Goodwin, The Great Interest of States & Kingdomes, 53
49. Martinich detects irony in this passage: Hobbes. A Biography, 173
50. Burroughes, Irenicum, 14-15, 16
51. Simpson, A Sermon preached at Westminster before Sundry of the House of Commons, London 1643, 32
52. Hobbes, An Answer to a Book published by Dr. Bramhall, late Bishop of Derry; called The Catching of Leviathan, London 1682, 58-9
53. Sir William Molesworth, ed., The English Works of Thomas Hobbes, 11 vols., London 1839-45, 4:327-8
54. Hobbes, Leviathan ed. Tuck, 130 (ch. 19, ed. 1651, p. 95; tyranny); 101 (ch. 15; ed. 1651, p. 72), 125, 144 (ch. 20; ed. 1651, p. 106), 224-5 (ch. 29; ed. 1651, pp. 169-70; property); 484 ("Review and Conclusion", ed. 1651, p. 390); 300 (ch. 36, ed. 1651, p. 232; extraordinary success)
55. Hobbes, Behemoth, 3, 136, 155, 195, 163-4
56. Hobbes, Behemoth, 137-8, 143
57. Hobbes, Mr. Hobbes considered, London 1662, 8; Molesworth, ed., The English Works of Thomas Hobbes, 4:415
58. Lewis du Moulin, The Power of the Christian Magistrate in Sacred Things, London 1650, passim (civil authorities), sig. A4a, 32 (Engagement)
59. Owen, Of the Divine Originall, Authority, Self-Evidencing Light, and Power of the Scriptures. With an Answer to that Enquiry, How we know the Scriptures to be the Word of God, Oxford 1659, 40
60. Hobbes, The Correspondence of Thomas Hobbes, ed. Noel Malcolm, 2 vols., Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1994, 1:505 (Devonshire); 2:900 (Quakers); 1:312 (ordered to oppose Presbyterianism); 334 (engaged for Independency); 312 (continues their favor so he can serve Hobbes)
61. Hobbes, The Correspondence, 1:379 (many favourers). 449 (a visit not seasonable); 334 (Owen gives Stubbe a job in the Library); 383, 459 (Owen discourages Stubbe from translating Leviathan); 459 (Owen on Leviathan)
62. Henry Stubbe, Clamor, Rixa, Joci, Mendacia, Furta, Cachini, or, A Severe Enquiry into the late Oneirocritica, London 1657, 1
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