Life cycles and polymorphism

Aphids as Crop Pests

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 69-85

  Williams, Iain S ^a   Dixon, Anthony F G ^b  

^a DEFRA   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 64949122942     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (113)

1. Auclair, J.L. and Aroga, R. (1984) Influence de l'effet de groupe et de la qualité de la plante-hôte sur le cycle evolutif de quatre biotypes du puceron du pois, Acyrthosiphon pisum. Canadian Journal of Zoology 62, 608-612.
2. Awram, W.J. (1968) Effects of crowding on wing morphogenesis in Myzus persicae Sulz. (Aphididae; Homoptera). Quaestiones Entomologicae 4, 3-29.
3. Battaglia, D., Poppy, G., Powell, W., Romano, A., Tranfaglia, A. and Pennacchio, F. (2000) Physical and chemical cues influencing the oviposition behaviour of Aphidius ervi. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 94, 219-227.
4. Blackman, R.L. (1974) Life-cycle variation of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) (Hom., Aphididae) in different parts of the world, in relation to genotypes and environment. Bulletin of Entomological Research 63, 595-607.
5. Blackman, R.L. (1980) Chromosome numbers in the Aphididae and their taxonomic significance. Systematic Entomology 5, 7-25.
6. Blackman, R.L. and Eastop, V.F. (2000) Aphids on the World's Crops: An Identification and Information Guide, 2nd edn. Wiley, Chichester, 466 pp.
7. Bonnemaison, L. (1951) Contribution a l'étude des facteurs provoquant l'apparition des formes ailées et sexuées chez les Aphidinae. Annales des Epiphyties 2, 1-380.
8. Christiansen-Weniger, P. and Hardie, J. (1998) Wing development in parasitised male and female Sitobion fragariae. Physiological Entomology 23, 208-213.
9. Christiansen-Weniger, P. and Hardie, J. (2000) The influence of parasitism on wing development in male and female pea aphids. Journal of Insect Physiology 46, 861-867.
10. Dadd, R.H. (1968) Dietary amino acids and wing determination in Myzus persicae. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 82, 203-208.
11. Dean, G.J. (1974) The overwintering and abundance of cereal aphids. Annals of Applied Biology 76, 1-7.
12. Dixon, A.F.G. (1972a) Crowding and nutrition in the induction of macropterous alatae in Drepanosiphum dixoni. Journal of Insect Physiology 18, 459-464.
13. Dixon, A.F.G. (1972b) Control and significance of the seasonal development of colour forms in sycamore aphid, Drepanosiphum platanoides (Schr.). Journal of Animal Ecology 41, 689-697.
14. Dixon, A.F.G. (1972c) Fecundity of brachypterous and macropterous alatae in Drepanosiphum dixoni (Callaphididae, Aphididae). Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 15, 335-340.
15. Dixon, A.F.G. (1975) Seasonal changes in fat content, form, state of gonads and length of adult life in the sycamore aphid, Drepanosiphum platanoides (Schr.). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 127, 87-99.
16. Dixon, A.F.G. (1998) Aphid Ecology, 2nd edn. Chapman and Hall, London, 300 pp.
17. Dixon, A.F.G. and Agarwala, B.K. (1999) Ladybird-induced life-history changes in aphids. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 266, 1549-1553.
18. Dixon, A.F.G. and Glen, D.M. (1971) Morph determination in the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi L. Annals of Applied Biology 68, 11-21.
19. Dixon, A.F.G. and Wratten, S.D. (1971) Laboratory studies on aggregation, size and fecundity in the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scop. Bulletin of Entomological Research 61, 97-111.
20. Dixon, A.F.G., Holman, J. and Thieme, T. (1998) Sex and size in aphids. In: Nieto Nafria, J.M. and Dixon, A.F.G. (eds) Aphids in Natural and Managed Ecosystems. Universidad de León, León, pp. 173-178.
21. Dromph, K.M., Pell, J.K. and Eilenberg, J. (2002) Influence of flight and colour morph on susceptibility of Sitobion avenae to infection by Erynia neoaphis. Biocontrol Science and Technology 12, 753-756.
22. El-Ziady, S. (1960) Further effects of Lasius niger L. on Aphis fabae Scopoli. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London A 35, 1-3.
23. El-Ziady, S. and Kennedy, J.S. (1956) Beneficial effects of the common garden ant, Lasius niger L., on the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society London A 31, 4-6.
24. Evans, A.C. (1938) The effect of the chemical composition of the plant on reproduction and production of winged forms in Brevicoryne brassicae L. Annals of Applied Biology 25, 558-572.
25. Forrest, W.A. (1970) The effects of maternal and larval experience on morph determination in Dysaphis devecta. Journal of Insect Physiology 15, 2179-2201.
26. Gildow, F.E. (1980) Increased production of alatae by aphids reared on oats infected by barley dwarf virus. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 73, 343-347.
27. Harrewijn, P. (1973) Function significance of indole alkylamines linked to nutritional factors in wing development of the aphid Myzus persicae. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 16, 499-513.
28. Harrewijn, P. (1976) Host-plant factors in regulating wing production in Myzus persicae. Symposium of Biology Hungary 16, 79-83.
29. Harrewijn, P. (1978) The role of plant substances in polymorphism of the aphid Myzus persicae. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 24, 198-214.
30. Harrington, R. and Cheng, X.N. (1984) Winter mortality, development and reproduction of a field population of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in England. Bulletin of Entomological Research 74, 633-640.
31. Harrington, R., Dewar, A.M. and George, B. (1989) Forecasting the incidence of virus yellows in sugar beet in England. Annals of Applied Biology 114, 459-469.
32. Harrington, R., Tatchell, G.M. and Bale, J.S. (1990) Weather, life cycle strategy and spring populations of aphids. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica 25, 423-432.
33. Heie, O. (1987) Palaeontology and phylogeny. In: Minks, A.K. and Harrewijn, P. (eds) Aphids. Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control, Volume 2A. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 367-391.
34. Helden, A.J. and Dixon, A.F.G. (2002) Life-cycle variation in the aphid Sitobion avenae: costs and benefits of male production. Ecological Entomology 27, 692-701.
35. Hille Ris Lambers, D. (1960) Some notes on morph determination in aphids. Entomologie Berlin 20, 110-113.
36. Hille Ris Lambers, D. (1966) Polymorphism in Aphididae. Annual Review of Entomology 11, 47-78.
37. James, B.D. and Luff, M.L. (1982) Cold-hardiness and development of eggs of Rhopalosiphum insertum. Ecological Entomology 7, 277-282.
38. Jastrzebski, A. and Solarska, E. (1998) The effect of weather conditions on spring migration of damson hop aphids. In: Nieto Nafria, J.M. and Dixon, A.F.G. (eds) Aphids in Natural and Managed Ecosystems. Universidad de León, León, pp. 579-584.
39. Jepson, P.C. and Green, R.E. (1983) Prospects for improving control strategies for sugar beet pests in England. Advances in Applied Biology 7, 175-250.
40. Johnson, B. (1959) Effect of parasitization by Aphidius platensis Brèthes on the developmental physiology of its host, Aphid craccivora Koch. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 2, 82-99.
41. Johnson, B. (1965) Wing polymorphism in aphids II. Interaction between aphids. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 8, 49-64.
42. Johnson, B. (1966) Wing polymorphism aphids III. The influence of the host plant. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 9, 213-222.
43. Judge, F.D. (1967) Overwintering in Pemphigus bursarius (L.). Nature, London 216, 1041-1042.
44. Kennedy, J.S., Ibbotson, A. and Booth, C.O. (1950) The distribution of aphid infestation in relation to leaf age I. Myzus persicae (Sulz.) and Aphis fabae (Scop.) on spindle trees and sugar beet plants. Annals of Applied Biology 37, 651-679.
45. Komazaki, S. (1995) Collection and hatching of the aphid, Aphis spiraecola Patch, eggs in the laboratory. Applied Entomology and Zoology 30, 97-101.
46. Kundu, R. and Dixon, A.F.G. (1995) Evolution of complex life-cycles. Journal of Animal Ecology 64, 245-255.
47. Kurosu, U., Aoki, S. and Fukatsu, T. (2003) Self-sacrificing gall repair by aphid nymphs. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 270 Supplement 1, S12-S14.
48. Lang, A. and Gsodl, S. (2001) Prey vulnerability and active predator choice as determinants of prey selection: a carabid beetle and its aphid prey. Journal of Applied Entomology 125, 53-61.
49. Leather, S.R. (1993) Overwintering in six arable aphid pests: a review with particular reference to pest management. Journal of Applied Entomology 116, 217-233.
50. Leather, S.R. and Wellings, P.W. (1981) Ovariole number and fecundity in aphids. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 30, 128-133.
51. Leckstein, P.M. and Llewellyn, M. (1973) Effect of dietary amino acids on the size and alary polymorphism of Aphis fabae. Journal of Insect Physiology 19, 973-980.
52. Lees, A.D. (1960) The role of photoperiod and temperature in the determination of parthenogenetic and sexual forms in the aphid Megoura viciae Buckton - II. The operation of the 'interval timer' in young clones. Journal of Insect Physiology 4, 154-175.
53. Lees, A.D. (1961a) Clonal polymorphism in aphids. In: Kennedy, J.S. (ed.) Insect Polymorphism. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society Symposium No. 1. Royal Entomological Society, London, pp. 261-280.
54. Lees, A.D. (1961b) Aphid clocks. New Scientist 355, 148-150.
55. Lees, A.D. (1963) The role of photoperiod and temperature in the determination of parthenogenetic and sexual forms in the aphid Megoura viciae Buckton - III. Further properties of the maternal switching mechanism in apterous aphids. Journal of Insect Physiology 9, 153-164.
56. Lees, A.D. (1964) The location of the photoperiodic receptors in the aphid Megoura viciae Buckton. Journal of Experimental Biology 41, 119-133.
57. Lees, A.D. (1967) The production of the apterous and alate forms in the aphid Megoura viciae Buckton. Journal of Insect Physiology 13, 289-318.
58. Liu, S.-S. (1994) Production of alatae in response to low temperature in aphids: a trait of seasonal adaptation. In: Danks, H.V. (ed.) Insect Life-cycle Polymorphism. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 245-261.
59. Liu, S.-S. and Hughes, R.D. (1984) Effect of host age at parasitization by Aphidius sonchi on the development, survival, and reproduction of the sowthistle aphid, Hyperomyzus lactucae. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 36, 239-246.
60. Losey, J.E., Ives, A.R., Harmon, J., Ballantyne, F. and Brown, C. (1997) A polymorphism maintained by opposite patterns of parasitism and predation. Nature, London 288, 269-272.
61. Lushai, G., Hardie, J. and Harrington, R. (1996) Diapause termination and egg hatch in the bird cherry aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 81, 113-115.
62. Macias, W. and Mink, G.I. (1969) Preference of green peach aphids for virus-infected sugarbeet leaves. Journal of Economic Entomology 62, 28-29.
63. Marcovitch, S. (1924) The migration of the Aphididae and the appearance of the sexual forms as affected by the relative length of daily light exposure. Journal of Agricultural Research 27, 513-533.
64. Markkula, M. and Rautapää, J. (1967) The effect of light and temperature on the colour of the English grain aphid Macrosiphum avenae (F.) (Hom., Aphididae). Annales Entomologici Fennici 33, 1-13.
65. McLeod, P. (1987) Effect of low temperature on Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae) on overwintering spinach. Environmental Entomology 16, 796-801.
66. McVean, R.I.K., Dixon, A.F.G. and Harrington, R. (1999) Causes of regional and yearly variation in pea aphid numbers in eastern England. Journal of Applied Entomology 123, 495-502.
67. Michaud, J.P. and Mackauer, M. (1994) The use of visual cues in host evaluation by Aphidiid wasps. 1. Comparison between three Aphidius parasitoids of the pea aphid. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 70, 273-283.
68. Mittler, T.E. (1971) Some effects on the aphid Myzus persicae of ingesting antibiotics incorporated into artificial diets. Journal of Insect Physiology 17, 1333-1347.
69. Mittler, T.E. (1972) Aphid polymorphism as affected by diet. In: Lowe, A.D. (ed.) Perspectives in Aphid Biology. Entomological Society of New Zealand, Auckland, pp. 65-75.
70. Mittler, T.E. and Dadd, R.H. (1966) Food and wing determination in Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 59, 1162-1166.
71. Mittler, T.E. and Kleinjan, J.E. (1970) Effect of artificial diet composition on wing-production by the aphid Myzus persicae. Journal of Insect Physiology 16, 833-850.
72. Mittler, T.E. and Sutherland, O.R.W. (1969) Dietary influences in aphid polymorphism. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 12, 703-713.
73. Moran, N., Seminoff, J. and Johnstone, L. (1993) Induction of winged sexuparae in root-inhabiting colonies of the aphid Pemphigus betae. Physiological Entomology 18, 296-302.
74. Müller, C.B., Williams, I.S. and Hardie, J. (2001) The role of nutrition, crowding and interspecific interactions in the development of winged aphids. Ecological Entomology 26, 330-340.
75. Müller, F.D. (1961) Stabilität und Veränderlichkeit der Farbung bei Blattläusen. Archiv der Freude der Naturgeschichte in Mecklenburg 7, 228-239.
76. Noda, I. (1959) The emergence of winged viviparous female in aphid. VII. On the rareness of the production of the winged offsprings from the mothers of the same form. Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 3, 272-280.
77. Powell, G. and Hardie, J. (2001) The chemical ecology of aphid host alternation: how do return migrants find the primary host plant? Applied Entomology and Zoology 36, 259-267.
78. Prado, E. and Tjallingii, W.F. (1997) Effects of previous plant infestation on sieve element acceptance by two aphids. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 82, 189-200.
79. Raccah, B., Tahori, A.S. and Applebaum, S.W. (1972) Effect of various sugars on development and wing production in the aphid Myzus persicae. Israel Journal of Entomology 7, 21-25.
80. Raccah, B., Applebaum, A.S. and Tahori, A.S. (1973) The role of folic acid in the appearance of alate forms in Myzus persicae. Journal of Insect Physiology 19, 1849-1855.
81. Remaudière, G. and Remaudière, M. (1997) Catalogue of the World's Aphididae Homoptera Aphidoidea. Institute National de la Researche Agronomique, Paris, 473 pp.
82. Ribbands, C.R. (1964) The spread of apterae of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) and of yellow viruses within a sugar beet crop. Bulletin of Entomological Research 54, 267-283.
83. Ro, T.H., Long, G.E. and Toba, H.H. (1998) Predicting phenology of green peach aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) using degree-days. Environmental Entomology 27, 337-343.
84. Schaefers, G.A. and Judge, F.D. (1971) Effects of temperature, photoperiod, and host plant on alary polymorphism in the aphid, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii. Journal of Insect Physiology 17, 365-379.
85. Schaefers, G.A. and Montgomery, M.E. (1973) Influence of cytokinin (N6 benzyladenine) on development and alary polymorphism in strawberry aphid, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 66, 1115-1119.
86. Seibert, T.F. (1992) Mutualistic interactions of the aphid Lachnus allegheniensis (Homoptera: Aphididae) and its tending ant Formica obscuripes (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 85, 173-178.
87. Shaposhnikov, G.C. (1981) Populations and Species in Aphids and the Need for a Universal Species Concept. Special Publication of the Research Branch, Agriculture, Canada, 61 pp.
88. Simon, J.C., Blackman, R.L. and le Gallic, J.F. (1991) Local variability in the life-cycle of the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (Homoptera, Aphididae) in Western France. Bulletin of Entomological Research 81, 315-322.
89. Stern, D.L. and Foster, W.A. (1996) The evolution of soldiers in aphids. Biological Reviews 71, 27-79.
90. Stroyan, H.L.G. (1949) The occurrence and dimorphism in Britain of Metopeurum fuscoviride nom. N. (Pharalis tanaceti auct. Nec L.) (Hemiptera, Aphidida). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London A 24, 79-82.
91. Sutherland, O.R.W. (1969) The role of crowding in the production of winged forms by two strains of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. Journal of Insect Physiology 15, 1385-1410.
92. Sutherland, O.R.W. and Mittler, T.E. (1971) Influence of diet composition and crowding on wing production by the aphid Myzus persicae. Journal of Insect Physiology 17, 321-328.
93. Taylor, L.R. (1977) Migration and the spatial dynamics of an aphid, Myzus persicae. Journal of Animal Ecology 46, 411-423.
94. Taylor, M.S., Harrington, R. and Clark, S.J. (1998) Unseasonal male aphids. In: Nieto Nafria, J.M. and Dixon, A.F.G. (eds) Aphids in Natural and Managed Ecosystems. Universidad de León, León, pp. 287-294.
95. Thacker, J.I., Thieme, T. and Dixon, A.F.G. (1997) Forecasting of periodic fluctuations in annual abundance of the bean aphid: the role of density dependence and weather. Journal of Applied Entomology 121, 137-145.
96. Thieme, T. (1997) Adaptive significance of brown colouration in Sitobion avenae. Bulletin IOBC/WPRS 21(8), 7-13.
97. Thieme, T. and Heimbach, U. (1998) Einfluss von Getreidesorten auf Blattläuse. Getreide 4, 100-102.
98. Tosh, C.R., Powell, G. and Hardie, J. (2003) Decision making by generalist and specialist aphids with the same genotype. Journal of Insect Physiology 49, 659-669.
99. Ueda, N. and Takada, H. (1977) Differential relative abundance of green-yellow and red forms of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) according to host plant and season. Applied Entomology and Zoology 12, 124-133.
100. Via, S. (1992) Inducing the sexual forms and hatching the eggs of pea aphids. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 65, 119-127.
101. Wadley, F.M. (1923) Factors affecting the proportion of alate and apterous forms of aphids. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 16, 279-303.
102. Ward, S.A., Leather, S.R., Pickup, J. and Harrington, R. (1998) Mortality during dispersal and the costs of host-specificity in parasites: how many aphids find hosts? Journal of Animal Ecology 67, 763-773.
103. Watson, M.A. and Healy, M.J.R. (1953) The spread of beet yellows and beet mosaic virus in the sugar beet root crop II. The effect of aphid numbers on disease incidence. Annals of Applied Biology 40, 38-59.
104. Watson, M.A., Heathcote, G.D., Lauckner, F.B. and Sowray, P.A. (1975) The use of weather data and counts of aphids in the field to predict the incidence of yellowing viruses of sugar beet crops in England in relation to the use of insecticides. Annals of Applied Biology 40, 38-59.
105. Way, M.J. (1963) Mutualism between ants and honeydew-producing Homoptera. Annual Review of Entomology 8, 307-344.
106. Weisser, W.W. and Braendle, C. (2001) Body colour and genetic variation in winged morph production in the pea aphid. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 99, 217-223.
107. Weisser, W.W., Braendle, C. and Minoretti, N. (1999) Predator induced morphological shift in the pea aphid. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 266, 1175-1181.
108. Wellings, P.W., Leather, S.R. and Dixon, A.F.G. (1980) Seasonal variation in reproductive potential: a programmed feature of aphid life cycles. Journal of Animal Ecology 49, 975-985.
109. Williams, C.T. (1995) Effects of plant age and condition on the population dynamics of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) on sugar beet in field plots. Bulletin of Entomological Research 85, 557-567.
110. Williams, I.S., Dewar, A.M. and Dixon, A.F.G. (1998) The influence of size and duration of aphid infestation on host plant quality, and its effect on sugar beet yellowing virus epidemiology. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 89, 25-33.
111. Williams, I.S., Dewar, A.M., Dixon, A.F.G. and Thornhill, W.A. (2000) Alate production of Myzus persicae on sugar beet - how likely is the evolution of sugar beet specific biotypes? Journal of Applied Ecology 37, 40-51.
112. Dewar, A.M. and Carter, N. (1984) Decision trees to assess the risk of cereal aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) outbreaks in summer in England. Bulletin of Entomological Research 74, 387-398.
113. Zhang, B.C. (1994) Index of Economically Important Lepidoptera, 1st edn. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, 600 pp.