Identity, monumentality, security: Building a monument in early republican Ankara

Journal of Architectural Education

Volumn 59, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 34-45

  Batuman, Bülent ^a  

^a BINGHAMTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 64849096366     PISSN: 10464883     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1531-314X.2005.00004.x     Document Type: Review

References (34)

1. See M. Keith and S. Pile, "Introduction: Part 1. The Politics of Place," in M. Keith and S. Pile, eds., Place and the Politics of Identity (London: Routledge, 1993), pp. 1-21
2. See A. Öncü and P. Weyland, Space, Culture and Power: New Identities in Globalizing Cities (London and New Jersey: Zed Books, 1997)
3. N. Leach, Architecture and Revolution: Contemporary Perspectives on Central and Eastern Europe (London and New York: Routledge, 1999)
4. M.J. Zaborowska, "The Height of (Architectural) Seduction: Reading the 'Changes' Through Stalin's Palace in Warsaw, Poland," JAE 54:4 (May 2001): 205-17
5. E. Soja, Postmodern Geographies: The Reassertion of Space in Social Critical Theory (London: Verso, 1989)
6. E. Laclau and L. Zac, "Minding the Gap: The Subject of Politics," in E. Laclau, ed., The Making of Political Identities (London: Verso, 1994), pp. 11-39
7. H. Lefebvre, The Production of Space (Oxford and Cambridge: Blackwell, 1991)
8. There is a growing literature on the social and political effects of monuments; see K.A. Hass, Carried to the Wall: American Memory and the Vietnam Veterans Memorial (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998)
9. There are also artistic works reflecting on the issue of monumentality. For a discussion of the critical work of Krzysztof Wodiczko questioning the effects of monumentality in sculpture as well as architecture, see R. Deutsche, "Krzysztof Wodiczko's Homeless Projection and the Site of Urban 'Revitalization'," in Evictions: Art and Spatial Politics (Cambridge, MA, and London: MIT Press, 1996), pp. 3-48
10. Lefebvre, The Production of Space, p. 42
11. S. Pile, The Body and the City: Psychoanalysis, Space and Subjectivity (London and New York: Routledge, 1996), pp. 146-169
12. Ç. Keyder, State and Class in Turkey (London: Verso, 1987)
13. C. Behar and A. Duben, İstanbul Households: Marriage, Family and Fertility 1880-1940 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991)
14. M. Adam, "Ankara'da Kentsel Yaşam [Urban Life in Ankara]," Mimarlik 2/3 (1985): 29
15. A.D. King, Colonial Urban Development: Culture, Social Power, and Environment (London and Boston: Routledge, 1976)
16. B. Honig, "Difference, Dilemmas, and the Politics of Home," in S. Benhabib, ed., Democracy and Difference: Contesting the Boundaries of the Political (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996), pp. 257-277
17. For the development of a modern architectural culture in early republican Turkey, see S. Bozdoǧan, Modernism and Nation Building: Turkish Architectural Culture in the Early Republic (Seattle and London: University of Washington Press, 2001), pp. 193-239
18. J. Habermas, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society, trans. T Burger (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1989)
19. For a discussion of the spatial construction of the public sphere in republican Ankara, see G.A. Sargin, ed., Ankara'nin Kamusal Yüzleri [The Public Faces of Ankara] (Istanbul: İletişim, 2002)
20. Bozdoǧan, Modernism and Nation Building, pp. 197-216
21. The Lörcher plan consisted of two schemes, one of which was for the development of the old city while the other proposed a "new city" in the south. See G. Tankut, Bir Başkentin İmari: Ankara (1923-1939) [The Building of a Capital: Ankara (1923-1939)] (Ankara: METU Faculty of Arch Press, 1990), pp. 37-9
22. and A. Cengizkan, Ankara'nin İlk Plani: 1924-25 Lörcher Plani [The First Plan of Ankara: The 1924-25 Lörcher Plan] (Ankara: Ankara Enstitüsü Vakfi, 2004)
23. Tankut, Bir Başkentin İmar, p. 43
24. Hakimiyet-i Milliye, Oct 3, 1928
25. Hakimiyet-i Milliye, Sept 5, 1929, p. 5
26. Nalbantoǧlu, "Modern Ev'in Çeperleri," p. 308
27. For details of these transformations, see K. Boratav, Türkiye İktisat Tarih: 1908-1985 [Economic History of Turkey: 1908-1985] (Istanbul: Gerçek Yay, 1998), pp. 49-51
28. E. Kongar, İmparatorluktan Günümüze Türkiye'nin Toplumsal Yapisi [Turkish Social Structure from the Empire to Present day] (Istanbul: Remzi, 1995), pp. 128-133
29. W. Krug, "Das 'Emniyet Denkmal': Hanaks Monumentalstes Werk," in F. Grasseger and W. Krug, eds., Anton Hanak (1875-1934) (Wien, Köln, Weimar: Böhlau Verlag, 1997), pp. 288-290
30. K. Kozanoǧlu, "Güven Aniti [The Security Monument]," Toplumsal Tarih 3/17 (1995): 32
31. Krug, "Das 'Emniyet Denkmal'," p. 296
32. Hanak's description note, quoted in Krug, "Das 'Emniyet Denkmal'," p. 294
33. S. Zizek, The Sublime Object of Ideology (London: Verso, 1992), p. 105
34. J.A. Mangan, "Icon of Monumental Brutality: Art and the Aryan Man," in J.A. Mangan, ed., Shaping the Superman: Fascist Body as Political Icon - Aryan Fascism (London and Portland: Frank Cass Publishers, 1999), pp. 128-152