Effective medium modeling to assess gas hydrate and free-gas evident from the velocity structure in the Makran accretionary prism, offshore Pakistan

Marine Geophysical Research

Volumn 29, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 267-274

  Ghosh, Ranjana ^a   Sain, Kalachand ^a  

^a NATIONAL GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (India)

Author keywords

Elastic property; EMT; Gas hydrate; Interval velocity; Makran offshore

Indexed keywords

ELASTICITY; GASES; HYDRATION; PERCOLATION (COMPUTER STORAGE); PRISMS; SEDIMENTS; SEISMIC WAVES; SEISMOLOGY; SUBMARINE GEOLOGY;

BOTTOM SIMULATING REFLECTOR; DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTIVE MEDIUM THEORIES; EFFECTIVE MEDIUM THEORIES; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; INTERVAL VELOCITY; MAKRAN OFFSHORE; PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE; SELF-CONSISTENT APPROXIMATION;

GAS HYDRATES;

ACCRETIONARY PRISM; ELASTIC MODULUS; GAS HYDRATE; NUMERICAL MODEL; OFFSHORE APPLICATION; PORE SPACE; SATURATION; SEISMIC DATA; SEISMIC VELOCITY; SMOOTHING; VELOCITY STRUCTURE;

ASIA; EURASIA; MAKRAN; PAKISTAN; SOUTH ASIA;

EID: 64749100645     PISSN: 00253235     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11001-009-9062-4     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Ahlbrandt TS (2002) Future petroleum energy resources of the world. Int Geol Rev 44:1092-1104
2. Athy LF (1930) Density, porosity and compaction of sedimentary rocks. AAPG Bull 14:1-24
3. Bangs NLB, Sawyer DS, Golovchenko X (1993) Free-gas at the base of the gas hydrate zone in the vicinity of the Chile triple junction. Geology 21:905-908
4. Batzle W, Wang Z (1992) Seismic properties of pore fluids. Geophysics 57:1396-1408
5. Chand S, Minshull TA, Gei D, Carcione JM (2004) Elastic velocity models for gas-hydrate-bearing sediments-a comparison. Geophys J Int 159:573-590
6. Dvorkin J, Nur A (1993) Rock physics for characterization of gas hydrate. In: Howell DG (ed) The future of energy gases: United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1570 pp 293-298
7. Fruehn J, White RS, Minshull TA (1997) Internal deformation and compaction of the Makran accretionary wedge. Terra Nova 9:101-104
8. Ganguly N, Spence GD, Chapman NR, Hyndman RD (2000) Heatflow variations from bottom simulating reflectors on the Cascadia margin. Mar Geol 164:53-68
9. Grando G, McClay K (2007) Morphotectonics domains and structural styles in the Makran accretionary prism, offshore Iran. Sed Geol 196:157-179
10. Guerin G, Goldberg D, Meltser A (1999) Characterization of in situ elastic properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments on the Blake Ridge. J Geophys Res 104:17781-17795
11. Harms JC, Cappel HN, Francis DC (1984) The Makran coast of Pakistan; it stratigraphy and hydrocarbon potential. In: Haq BU, Milliman JD (eds) Marine geology and oceanography of Arabian Sea and coastal Pakistan. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp 3-26
12. Helgerud MB, Dvorkin J, Nur A (1999) Elastic-wave velocity in marine sediments with gas hydrates: Effective medium modeling. Geophys Res Lett 26:2021-2024
13. Hornby BE, Schwartz LM, Hudson JA (1994) Anisotropic effective medium modeling of the elastic properties of shales. Geophysics 59:1570-1583
14. Hyndman RD, Spence GD (1992) A seismic study of methane hydrate marine bottom simulating reflectors. J Geophys Res 97:6683-6698
15. Jakobsen M, Hudson JA, Minshull TA, Singh SC (2000) Elastic properties of hydrate-bearing sediments using effective medium theory. J Geophys Res 105:561-577
16. Klauda JB, Sandler SI (2005) Global distribution of methane hydrate in ocean sediment. Energy Fuels 19:459-470
17. Kopp C, Fruehn J, Flueh ER, Reichert C, Kukowski N, Bialas J, Klaeschen D (2000) Structure of the Makran subduction zone from wide-angle and reflection seismic data. Tectonophysics 329:171-191
18. Kumar D, Sen MK, Bangs NL (2007) Gas hydrate concentration and characteristics within hydrate ridge inferred from multicomponent seismic reflection data. J Geophys Res 112:B12306
19. Kvenvolden KA (1998a) A primer on the geological occurrence of gas hydrate. In: Henriet JP, Mienert J (Rds) Gas hydrates: relevance to the world margin stability and climate change. Geol Soc, London, pp 9-30 Special Publications 37
20. Kvenvolden KA (1998b) Methane hydrate - A major reservoir of carbon in the shallow geosphere? Chem Geol 71:41-51
21. Lee MW (2002) Biot-Gassmann theory for velocities of gas hydrate bearing sediments. Geophysics 67:1711-1719
22. Lee MW, Collett TS (1999) Amount of gas hydrate estimated from compressional and shear wave velocities at the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 Gas hydrate Research well. In: Dallimore SR, Uchida T, Collett TS (eds) Scientific results from JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 gas hydrate research well, Mackenzie Delta, vol 544. Geol Sur Can Bull, Northwest Territories, Canada, pp 313-322
23. Lee MW, Collett TS (2001) Comparison of elastic velocity models for gas hydrate-bearing sediments. In: Paull CK, Dillon WP (eds) Natural gas hydrates: Occurrence, distribution and detection, American geophysical union geophysical monograph vol 124. American Geophysical Union, Washington, pp 179-188
24. Lee MW, Collett TS (2006) Gas hydrate and free-gas saturations estimated from velocity logs on hydrate ridge, offshore Oregon, USA. In: Tréhu AM, Bohrmann G, Torres ME, Colwell FS (eds) Ocean Drilling Program, Proc ODP, Sci Results, vol 204, College Station pp 1-25
25. Lee MW, Hutchinson DR, Collett TS, Dillon WP (1996) Seismic velocities for hydrate-bearing sediments using weighted equation. J Geophys Res 101:20347-20358
26. Makogon YF, Holditch SA, Makogon TY (2007) Natural gas hydrates - a potential energy source for the 21st Century. J Petrol Sci Eng 56:14-31
27. Milkov AV (2004) Global estimates of hydrate-bound gas in marine sediments: How much is really out there? Earth Sci Rev 66:183-197
28. Miller JJ, Lee MW, von Huene R (1991) An analysis of a seismic reflection from the base of a gas hydrate zone, offshore Peru. AAPG Bull 75:910-924
29. Minshull TA, White RS (1989) Sediment compaction and fluid migration in the Makran accretionary prism. J Geophys Res 94:7387-7402
30. Nishizawa O (1982) Seismic velocity anisotropy in a medium containing oriented cracks: Transversely isotropic case. J Phys Earth 30:331-347
31. VS ratio in the Makran accretionary prism. Mar Pet Geol 25:637-644
32. Platt JP, Leggett JK, Young J, Raza H, Alam S (1985) Largescale sediment underplating in the Makran accretionary prism, Southwest Pakistan. Geology 13:507-511
33. Platt JP, Leggett JK, Alam S (1988) Slip vectors and fault mechanics in the Makran accretionary wedge, Southwest Pakistan. J Geophys Res 93:7955-7973
34. Sain K, Minshull TA, Singh SC, Hobbs RW (2000) Evidence for a thick free-gas layer beneath the bottom simulating reflector in the Makran accretionary prism. Mar Geol 164:37-51
35. Sakai A (1999) Velocity analysis of vertical seismic profile (VSP) survey at JAPEX/JNOC/GSC MAllik 2L-38 Gas hydrate research well, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada. In: Dallimore SR, Uchida T, Collett TS (eds) Geol Sur Can Bull volume 544, pp 323-340, Geol Sur Can, Ottawa
36. Sayers CM (1994) The elastic anisotropy of shales. J Geophys Res B1 99:767-774
37. Schluter HU, Prexl A, Gaedicke C, Roeser H, Reichert C, Meyer H, von Daniels C (2002) The Makran accretionary wedge; sediment thicknesses and ages and the origin of mud volcanoes. Mar Geol 185:219-232
38. Sheng P (1990) Effective medium theory of sedimentary rocks. Phys Rev B 41:4507-4512
39. Sheng P (1991) Consistent modeling of the electrical and elastic properties of sedimentary rocks. Geophysics 56:1236-1243
40. Sloan ED (ed) (1998) Clathrate hydrate of natural gases. Marcel Dekker, New York
41. Sloan ED (2003) Fundamental principles and applications of natural gas hydrates. Nature 426:353-359
42. Taylor MAJ, Singh SC (2002) Composition and microstructure of magma bodies from effective medium theory. Geophys J Int 149:15-21
43. Vernant P, Nilforoushan FHD, Abbassi MRVC, Masson FNH, Martinod JAA, Bayer RTF, Chery J (2004) Present-day crustal deformation and plate kinematics in the Middle East constrained by GPS measurements in Iran and northern Oman. Geophys J Int 157:381-398
44. White RS (1982) Deformation of the Makran accretionary sediment prism in the Gulf of Oman (North-West Indian Ocean). In: Leggett JK (ed) Trench-Forearc geology: Sedimentation and tectonics on modern and ancient active plate margins, Conference. Geol Soc Special Publication 10, pp 357-372
45. Willis JR (1977) Bounds of self-consistent estimates for the overall properties of anisotropic composites. J Mech Phys Solids 25:185-202
46. Wood WT, Stoffa PL, Shipley TH (1994) Quantitative detection of methane hydrate through high-resolution seismic velocity analysis. J Geophys Res 99:9681-9695