Cooling of microprocessors using flow boiling of CO2 in a micro-evaporator: Preliminary analysis and performance comparison

Applied Thermal Engineering

Volumn 29, Issue 11-12, 2009, Pages 2426-2432

  Cheng, Lixin ^a,b   Thome, John R ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN   (United Kingdom)

^b EPFL   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Chips; CO2; Cooling; Evaporation; Flow boiling; Heat transfer; Micro evaporator; Microchannel; Microprocessor; Pressure drop; Two phase flow

Indexed keywords

CHIPS; CO2; FLOW BOILING; MICRO-EVAPORATOR; MICROCHANNEL; MICROPROCESSOR;

COOLING; DROPS; EVAPORATION; EVAPORATORS; FLOW PATTERNS; FLUID DYNAMICS; HEAT EXCHANGERS; HEAT FLUX; HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENTS; MASS TRANSFER; MICROCHANNELS; PRESSURE DROP; TWO PHASE FLOW; VAPORS;

MICROPROCESSOR CHIPS;

EID: 64749083453     PISSN: 13594311     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2008.12.019     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. 2 evaporation inside tubes: Part I - A two-phase flow pattern map and a flow pattern based phenomenological model for two-phase flow frictional pressure drops. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 51 (2008) 111-124
2. 2 evaporation inside tubes: Part II - An updated general flow boiling heat transfer model based on flow patterns. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 51 (2008) 125-135
3. J.R. Thome, Recent advances in thermal modeling of micro-evaporators for cooling of microprocessors, in: ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exhibition (IMECE), Seattle, November 10-16, 2007.
4. J.R. Thome, R. Revellin, B. Agostini, J.E. Park, Cooling of microprocessors using flow boiling of refrigerants in micro-evaporators, in: International Symposium on Phase Change, UK Heat Transfer 2007, Edinburgh, Scotland, September 12, 2007.
5. Cheng L., Mewes D., and Luke A. Boiling phenomena with surfactants and polymeric additives: a state-of-the-art review. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 50 (2007) 2744-2771
6. Thome J.R. Boiling in microchannels: a review of experiment and theory. Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 25 (2004) 128-139
7. Cheng L., and Mewes D. Review of two-phase flow and flow boiling of mixtures in small and mini channels. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 32 (2006) 183-207
8. Kandlikar S.G. Fundamental issues related to flow boiling in minichannels and microchannels. Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci. 26 (2002) 389-407
9. Cheng L., Ribatski G., and Thome J.R. Gas-liquid two-phase flow patterns and flow pattern maps: fundamentals and applications. Appl. Mech. Rev. 61 (2008) 050802-1-050802-28
10. Tuckerman D.B., and Pease R.F.W. High performance heat-sinking for VLSI. IEEE Electron Device Lett. 2 (1981) 126-129
11. Hetsroni G., Mosyak A., Segal Z., and Ziskind Z.G. A uniform temperature heat sink for cooling of electronic devices. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 45 (2002) 3275-3286
12. Lee J., and Mudawar I. Two-phase flow in high-heat-flux micro-channel heat sink for refrigeration cooling applications: part I-pressure drop characteristics. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 48 (2005) 928-940
13. Lee J., and Mudawar I. Two-phase flow in high-heat-flux micro-channel heat sink for refrigeration cooling applications: part II - heat transfer characteristics. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 48 (2005) 941-955
14. Agostini B., Thome J.R., Fabbri M., Calmi D., Kloter U., and Michel B. High heat flux flow boiling in silicon multi-microchannels: Part I - heat transfer characteristics of R-236fa. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 51 (2008) 5400-5414
15. Agostini B., Thome J.R., Fabbri M., Calmi D., Kloter U., and Michel B. High heat flux flow boiling in silicon multi-microchannels: Part II - heat transfer characteristics of R-245fa. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 51 (2008) 5415-5425
16. 2 in macro- and micro-channels. Int. J. Refrigeration 28 (2006) 1149-1168
17. Cheng L., Ribatski G., Wojtan L., and Thome J.R. New flow boiling heat transfer model and flow pattern map for carbon dioxide evaporating inside tubes. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 49 (2006) 4082-4094
18. Cheng L., Ribatski G., Wojtan L., and Thome J.R. Erratum to: New flow boiling heat transfer model and flow pattern map for carbon dioxide evaporating inside tubes [Heat Mass Transfer 49 (21-22) (2006) 4082-4094]. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 50 (2007) 391
19. 2 vapor compression systems. Progr. Energ. Combust. Sci. 30 (2004) 119-174
20. 2 cooling in macro- and microchannels. In. J. Refrigeration 31 (2008) 1301-1316
21. REFPROP, NIST Refrigerant Properties Database 23, Gaithersburg, MD, 2002, Version 7.0.
22. Rouhani Z., and Axelsson E. Calculation of volume void fraction in a subcooled and quality region. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 17 (1970) 383-393
23. Incropera F.P., and Dewitt D.P. Fundamental of Heat and Mass Transfer. 5th ed. (2002), Wiley, New York