Prevalence of metabolic syndrome by the Adult Treatment Panel III, International Diabetes Federation, and World Health Organization Definitions and their association with coronary heart disease in an elderly Iranian population

Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore

Volumn 38, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 142-149

  Hadaegh, Farzad ^a,b   Zabetian, Azadeh ^a   Tohidi, Maryam ^a   Ghasemi, Asghar ^a   Sheikholeslami, Farhad ^a   Azizi, Fereidoun ^a  

^a SHAHID BEHESHTI UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

^b SHAHID BEHESHTI UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

Author keywords

Ageing; Cardiovascular disease; Epidemiology; Insulin resistance

Indexed keywords

GLUCOSE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

AGED; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; IRAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; OBESITY; PREVALENCE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;

EID: 64549163324     PISSN: 03044602     EISSN: 29724066     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Castelli WP. Epidemiology of coronary heart disease: the Framingham study. Am J Med 1984;76:4-12.
2. Keil U. The Worldwide WHO MONICA Project: results and perspectives. Gesundheitswesen 2005;67(Suppl 1):S38-45.
3. Hadaegh F, Harati H, Ghanbarian A, Azizi F. Prevalence of coronary heart disease among Tehranian adults: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. East Mediterr Health J 2009 [In press].
4. Sytkowski PA, Agostino RB, Belanger A, Kannel WB. Sex and time trends in cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality: the Framingham heart study. Am J Epidemiol 1996;143:338-50.
5. Zali M, Kazem M, Masjedi MR. Health and disease in Iran. Deputy of Research, Ministry of Health Bulletin No. 10 (1993).
6. The DECODE Study Group, Qiao Q. Comparison of different definitions of the metabolic syndrome in relation to cardiovascular mortality in European men and women. Diabetologia 2006;49:2837-46.
7. Isomaa B, Almgren P, Tuomi T, Forsen B, Lahti K, Nissen M, et al. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Care 2001;24:683-9.
8. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 2001;285:2486-97.
9. Alberti KG, Zimmet PZ. Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation. Diabet Med 1998;15:539-53.
10. Alberti KG, Zimmet P, Shaw J. IDF Epidemiology Task Force Consensus Group. The metabolic syndrome-a new worldwide definition. Lancet 2005;366:1059-62.
11. Zabetian A, Hadaegh F, Azizi F. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adult population, concordance between the IDF with the ATPIII and the WHO definitions. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2007;77:251-7.
12. Scuteri A, Najjar SS, Morrell CH, Lakatta EG. Cardiovascular Health Study. The metabolic syndrome in older individuals: prevalence and prediction of cardiovascular events: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Diabetes Care 2005;28:882-7.
13. Azizi F, Rahmani M, Emami H, Madjid M. Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study: rationale and design. CVD prevention 2000;3:242-7.
14. Rose G, McCartney P, Reid DD. Self-administration of a questionnaire on chest pain and intermittent claudication, Br J Prev Soc Med 1997;31: 42-8.
15. Prineas RJ, Crow RS, Blackburn H. The Minnesota code manual of electrocardiographic findings: standards and procedures for measurements and classification. Boston: John Wright PCG, 1982.
16. Ford ES, Giles WH, Croft JB. Prevalence of nonfatal coronary heart disease among American adults. Am Heart J 2000;139:371-7.
17. Azizi F, Rahmani M, Emami H, Mirmiran P, Hajipour R, Madjid M, et al. Cardiovascular risk factors in an Iranian urban population: Tehran lipid and glucose study (phase 1). Soz Praventivmed 2002;47:408-26.
18. Friedwald WT, Levy RI, Fredridson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 1972;18:499-502.
19. Laaksonen DE, Lakka HM, Niskanen LK, Kaplan GA, Salonen JT, Lakka TA. Metabolic syndrome and development of diabetes mellitus: application and validation of recently suggested definitions of the metabolic syndrome in a prospective cohort study. Am J Epidemiol 2002;156:1070-7.
20. Balkau B, Charles MA. Comment on the provisional report from the WHO consultation. European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance (EGIR). Diabet Med 1999;16:442-3.
21. Ahmad O, Boschi-Pinto C, Lopez A, Murray CJL, Lozano R, Inoue M. Age Standardization of Rates: a New WHO Standard (GPE Discussion Paper Series No. 31), Geneva: World Health Organization, 2000.
22. Ford ES, Giles WH, Dietz WH. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA 2002;287:356-9.
23. Gu D, Reynolds K, Wu X, Chen J, Duan X, Reynolds RF, et al. Inter ASIA Collaborative Group, Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and overweight among adults in China. Lancet 2005;365:1398-405.
24. Thomas GN, Ho SY, Janus ED, Lam KS, Hedley AJ, Lam TH. Hong Kong Cardiovascular Risk Factor Prevalence Study Steering Committee, The US National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III), prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in a Chinese population. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2005;67:251-7.
25. He Y, Jiang B, Wang J, Feng K, Chang Q, Fan L, et al. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its relation to cardiovascular disease in an elderly Chinese population. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;47:1588-94.
26. Cankurtaran M, Halil M, Yavuz BB, Dagli N, Oyan B, Ariogul S. Prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome (MS) in older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2006;42:35-45.
27. Hunt KJ, Resendez RG, Williams K, Haffner SM, Stern MP. San Antonio Heart Study. National Cholesterol Education Program versus World Health Organization metabolic syndrome in relation to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the San Antonio Heart Study. Circulation 2004;110:1251-7.
28. Malik S, Wong ND, Franklin SS, Kamath TV, L'Italien GJ, Pio JR, et al. Impact of the metabolic syndrome on mortality from coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and all causes in United States adults. Circulation 2004;110:1245-50.
29. McNeill AM, Katz R, Girman CJ, Rosamond WD, Wagenknecht LE, Barzilay JI, et al. Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in older people: The cardiovascular health study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2006;54:1317-24.
30. Gami AS, Witt BJ, Howard DE, Erwin PJ, Gami LA, Somers VK, et al. Metabolic syndrome and risk of incident cardiovascular events and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007;49:403-14.
31. Grundy SM, Brewer HB Jr, Cleeman JI, Smith SC Jr, Lenfant C. American Heart Association; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Definition of metabolic syndrome: Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Heart Association conference on scientific issues related to definition. Circulation 2004;109:433-8.
32. Alexander CM, Landsman PB, Teutsch SM, Haffner SM. Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III); National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). NCEP-defined metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and prevalence of coronary heart disease among NHANES III participants age 50 years and older. Diabetes 2003;52:1210-4.
33. Ford ES. Risks for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes associated with the metabolic syndrome: a summary of the evidence. Diabetes Care 2005;28:1769-7.
34. Hadaegh F, Zabetian A, Harati H, Azizi F. The prospective association of general and central obesity variables with incident type 2 diabetes in adults, Tehran lipid and glucose study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2007;76:449-54.
35. Azadbakht L, Mirmiran P, Shiva N, Azizi F. General obesity and central adiposity in a representative sample of Tehranian adults: prevalence and determinants. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 2005;75:297-304.
36. Rashidi A, Mohammadpour-Ahranjani B, Vafa MR, Karandish M. Prevalence of obesity in Iran. Obes Rev 2005;6:191-2.