Synergy between toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis and Bacillus sphaericus

Journal of Medical Entomology

Volumn 41, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 935-941

  Wirth, Margaret C ^a   Jiannino, Joshua A ^a   Federici, Brian A ^a   Walton, William E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

B. sphaericus; B. t. subsp. israelensis; Resistance management; Synergy

Indexed keywords

AEDES AEGYPTI; BACILLUS SPHAERICUS; BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS; BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS SEROVAR ISRAELENSIS; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); CULEX PIPIENS QUINQUEFASCIATUS; CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS;

EID: 6444230025     PISSN: 00222585     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1603/0022-2585-41.5.935     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Becker, N. 1997. Microbial control of mosquitoes: management of the Upper Rhine mosquito populations as a model programme. Parasitol. Today 13: 485-487.
2. Bourgouin, C., A. Délecluse, F. De La Torre, and J. Szulmajster. 1990. Transfer of the toxin protein genes of Bacillus sphaericus into Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis and their expression. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56: 340-344.
3. Chang, C., S.-M. Dai, R. Frutos, B. A. Federici, and S. S. Gill. 1992. Properties of a 72-kilodalton mosquitocidal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. morrisoni PG-14 expressed in Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki by use of the shuttle vector pHT3101. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58: 507-512.
4. Charles, J.-F., C. Nielsen-LeRoux, and A. Delécluse. 1996. Bacillus sphaericus toxins: molecular biology and mode of action. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 41: 451-472.
5. Curtis, C. 1985. Theoretical models of the use of mixtures for the management of resistance. Bull. Entomol. Res. 75: 259-265.
6. Crickmore, N., E. J. Bone, J. A. Williams, and D. J. Ellar. 1995. Contribution of the individual components of the δ-endotoxin crystal to mosquitocidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 131: 249-254.
7. Darboux, I., C. Nielsen-LeRoux, J.-F. Charles, and D. Pauron. 2001. The receptor of Bacillus sphaericus binary toxin in Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) midgut: molecular cloning and expression. Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 31: 981-990.
8. Davidson, E. W. 1995. Biochemistry and mode of action of the Bacillus sphaericus toxins. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz 90: 81-86.
9. Delécluse, A., J.-F. Charles, A. Klier, and G. Rapoport. 1991. Deletion by in vivo recombination shows that the 28-kilodalton cytolytic polypeptide from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis is not essential for mosquitocidal activity. J. Bacteriol. 173: 3374-3381.
10. Delécluse, A., V. Juarez-Pérez, and C. Berry. 2000. Vector-active toxins: structure and diversity. In J.-F. Charles, A. Délecluse, and C. Nielsen-LeRoux [eds.], Entomopathogenic bacteria: from laboratory to field. Kluwer Academic, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
11. Delécluse, A., S. Poncet, A. Klier, and G. Rapoport. 1993. Expression of cryIVA and cryIVB genes, independently or in combination, in a crystal negative strain of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59: 3922-3927.
12. Finney, D. J. 1971. Probit analysis. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
13. Georghiou, G. P., and M. C. Wirth. 1997. Influence of single versus multiple toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis on development of resistance in the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63: 1095-1101.
14. Li, T., F. Sun, Z. Yuan, Y. Zhang, J. Yu, and Y. Pang. 2000. Coexpression of cyt1Aa of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis with Bacillus sphaericus binary toxin gene in acrystalliferous strain of B. thuringiensis. Curr. Microbiol. 40: 322-326.
15. Mani, G. S. 1985. The evolution of resistance in the presence of two insecticides. Genetics 109: 761-783.
16. Mulla, M. S., U. Thavara, A. Tawatsin, J. Chomposrf, and T. Y. Su. 2003. Emergence of resistance and resistance management in field populations of tropical Culex quinquefasciatus to the microbial control agent Bacillus sphaericus. J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. 19: 39-46.
17. Nielsen-LeRoux, C., J.-F. Charles, I. Thiéry, and G. P. Georghiou. 1995. Resistance in a laboratory population of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) to Bacillus sphaericus binary toxin is due to a change on the midgut brush-border membrane. Eur. J. Biochem. 228: 206-210.
18. Poncet, S., C. Bernard, E. Dervyn, L. Cayley, A. Klier, and G. Rapoport. 1997. Improvement of Bacillus sphaericus toxicity against dipteran larvae by integration, via homologous recombination, of the Cry11A toxin gene from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63: 4413-4420.
19. Raymond, M., G. Prato, and D. Ratsira. 1995. Probability analysis of mortality assays displaying quantal response, version 3.3. Praxeme, Saint Georges d'Orques, France.
20. Rodcharoen, J., and M. S. Mulla. 1996. Cross-resistance to Bacillus sphaericus strains in Culex quinquefasciatus. J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. 12: 247-250.
21. Selena, P.,H. I. Lee, and M. M. Lecadet. 1995. A new serovar of Bacillus thuringiensis possessing 28a28c flagellar antigenie structure: Bacillus thuringiensis serovar jegathesan, selectively toxic against mosquito larvae. J. Amer. Mosq. Control Assoc. 11: 471-473.
22. Servant, P., M.-L. Rosso, S. Hamon, S. Poncet, A. Delécluse, and G. Rapoport. 1999. Production of Cry11A and Cry11Ba toxins in Bacillus sphaericus confers toxicity towards Aedes aegypti and resistant Culex populations. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65: 3021-3026.
23. Silva-Filha, M.-H., C. Nielsen-LeRoux, and J. F. Charles. 1999. Identification of the receptor for Bacillus sphaericus crystal toxin in the brush border membrane of the mosquito Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae). Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 29: 711-721.
24. Sun, F., Z. Yuan, T. Li, Y. Zhang, J. Yu, and Y. Pang. 2001. Reduction of resistance of Culex pipiens larvae to the binary toxin from Bacillus sphaericus by coexpression of cry4Ba from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis with binary toxin gene. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 17: 385-389.
25. Tabashnik, B. E. 1989. Managing resistance with multiple pesticide tactics: theory, evidence, and recommendations. J. Econ. Entomol. 82: 1263-1269.
26. Tabashnik, B. E. 1992. Evaluation of synergism among Bacillus thuringiensis toxins. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58: 3343-3346.
27. Thiéry, I., S. Hamon, A. Delécluse, and S. Orduz. 1998. The introduction into Bacillus sphaericus of the Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. medellin cyt1Ab1 gene results in higher susceptibility of resistant mosquito larva populations to B. sphaericus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64: 3910-3916.
28. Wirth, M. C., G. P. Georghiou, and B. A. Federici. 1997. CytA enables CryIV endotoxins of Bacillus thuringiensis to overcome high levels of resistance in the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94: 10536-10540.
29. Wirth, M. C., B. A. Federici, and W. E. Walton. 2000a. Cyt1A from Bacillus thuringiensis synergizes activity of Bacillus sphaericus against Aedes aegypti. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66: 1093-1097.
30. Wirth, M. C., G. P. Georghiou, J. I. Malik, and G. H. Abro. 2000b. Laboratory selection for resistance to Bacillus sphaericus in Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) from California. J. Med. Entomol. 37: 534-540.
31. Wirth, M. C., W. E. Walton, and B. A. Federici. 2000c. Cyt1A from Bacillus thuringiensis restores toxicity of Bacillus sphaericus against resistant Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). J. Med. Entomol. 37: 401-407.
32. Wirth, M. C., A. Delécluse, and W. E. Walton. (2004) Laboratory selection for resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. jegathesan or a component toxin, Cry11B, in Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). J. Med. Entomol. 41: 435-441.
33. Wu, D., and B. A. Federici. 1993. A 20-kilodalton protein preserves cell viability and promotes CytA crystal formation during sporulation in Bacillus thuringiensis. J. Bacteriol. 175: 5276-5280.
34. Wu, D., J. J. Johnson, and B. A. Federici. 1994. Synergism of mosquitocidal toxicity between CytA and CryIVD proteins using inclusions produced from cloned genes of Bacillus thuringiensis. Mol. Microbiol. 13: 965-972.
35. Yuan, Z., Y. Zhang, Q. Cai, and E.-Y. Liu. 2000. High level field resistance to Bacillus sphaericus C3-41 in Culex quinquefasciatus from Southern China. Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 10: 41-49.
36. Zahiri, N. S., and M. S. Mulla. 2003. Susceptibility profile of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) to Bacillus sphaericus on selection with rotation and mixture of B. sphaericus and B. thuringiensis israelensis. J. Med. Entomol. 40: 672-677.
37. Zahiri, N. S., T. Su, and M. S. Mulla. 2002. Strategies for the management of resistance in mosquitoes to the microbial control agent Bacillus sphaericus. J. Med. Entomol. 39: 513-520.