Validation of regression-based myogenic correction techniques for scalp and source-localized EEG

Psychophysiology

Volumn 46, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 578-592

  McMenamin, Brenton W ^a,b   Shackman, Alexander J ^c   Maxwell, Jeffrey S ^c,d   Greischar, Lawrence L ^c   Davidson, Richard J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

^d U S ARMY RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

Affective neuroscience; Electroencephalography (EEG); Electromyography (EMG); Emotion; Facial muscles; Frontal asymmetry; LORETA; Methodology; Source localization

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ALGORITHM; ARTICLE; ARTIFACT; BETWEEN SUBJECT REGRESSION; BETWEEN SUBJECTS USING DIFFERENCE SCORE REGRESSION; CRANIAL MUSCLE; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; ELECTROMYOGRAM; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; EMOTION; FACE MUSCLE; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; NERVE CONDUCTION; NORMAL HUMAN; PERFORMANCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SCALP; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SKELETAL MUSCLE; VALIDATION PROCESS; WITHIN SUBJECT EPOCH WISE REGRESSION; WITHIN SUBJECTS CONDITION WISE REGRESSION;

EID: 64149112413     PISSN: 00485772     EISSN: 14698986     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00787.x     Document Type: Article

References (87)

1. Allen, J. J., Coan, J. A. Nazarian, M. (2004). Issues and assumptions on the road from raw signals to metrics of frontal EEG asymmetry in emotion. Biological Psychology, 67, 183 218.
2. Bai, X., Towle, V. L., He, E. J. He, B. (2007). Evaluation of cortical current density imaging methods using intracranial electrocorticograms and functional MRI. NeuroImage, 35, 598 608.
3. Barlow, J. S. (1984). EMG artifact minimization during clinical EEG recordings by special analog filtering. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 58, 161 174.
4. Berg, P. Scherg, M. (1991). Dipole models of eye movements and blinks. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 79, 36 44.
5. Berger, H. (1932). Uber das elektroenkephalogramm des Menschen IV. Archiv fur Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, 97, 6 26.
6. Borden, J. W., Peterson, D. R. Jackson, E. A. (1991). The Beck anxiety inventory in nonclinical samples: Initial psychometric properties. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 13, 345 356.
7. Borod, J. C., Haywood, C. S. Koff, E. (1997). Neuropsychological aspects of facial asymmetry during emotional expression: A review of the normal adult literature. Neuropsychology Review, 7, 41 60.
8. Bradley, M. M., Codispoti, M., Cuthbert, B. N. Lang, P. J. (2001). Emotion and motivation I: Defensive and appetitive reactions in picture processing. Emotion, 1, 276 298.
9. Chung, J. W., Kim, C. McCall, W. D. Jr. (2002). Effect of sustained contraction on motor unit action potentials and EMG power spectrum of human masticatory muscles. Journal of Dental Research, 81, 646 649.
10. Coan, J. A. Allen, J. J. B. (2003). Varieties of emotional experience during voluntary emotional facial expressions. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1000, 375.
11. Coan, J. A., Allen, J. J. Harmon-Jones, E. (2001). Voluntary facial expression and hemispheric asymmetry over the frontal cortex. Psychophysiology, 38, 912 925.
12. Cohen, B. H., Davidson, R. J., Senulis, J. A., Saron, C. D. Weisman, D. R. (1992). Muscle tension patterns during auditory attention. Biological Psychology, 33, 133 156.
13. Collins, D. L., Neelin, P., Peters, T. M. Evans, A. C. (1994). Automatic 3D intersubject registration of MR volumetric data in standardized Talairach space. Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, 18, 192 205.
14. Davidson, R. J. (1988). EEG measures of cerebral asymmetry: Conceptual and methodological issues. The International Journal of Neuroscience, 39, 71 89.
15. Davidson, R. J., Ekman, P., Saron, C. D., Senulis, J. A. Friesen, W. V. (1990). Approach-withdrawal and cerebral asymmetry: Emotional expression and brain physiology I. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 330 341.
16. Davidson, R. J., Jackson, D. C. Larson, C. L. (2000). Human electroencephalography. Handbook of psychophysiology (2nd ed., pp 27 52). Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
17. Davidson, R. J., Marshall, J. R., Tomarken, A. J. Henriques, J. B. (2000). While a phobic waits: Regional brain electrical and autonomic activity in social phobics during anticipation of public speaking. Biological Psychiatry, 47, 85 95.
18. Davidson, R. J., Shackman, A. J. Maxwell, J. S. (2004). Asymmetries in face and brain related to emotion. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 8, 389 391.
19. De Clercq, W., Vergult, A., Vanrumste, B., Van Paesschen, W. Van Huffel, S. (2006). Cannonical correlation analysis applied to remove muscle artifacts from the electroenchephalogram. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 53, 2583 2587.
20. Delorme, A. Makeig, S. (2004). EEGLAB: An open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics including independent component analysis. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 134, 9 21.
21. Delorme, A., Sejnowski, T. Makeig, S. (2007). Enhanced detection of artifacts in EEG data using higher-order statistics and independent component analysis. Neuroimage, 34, 1443 1449.
22. Dien, J. (1998). Issues in the application of the average reference: Review, critiques, and recommendations. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 30, 34 43.
23. Dimberg, U., Thunberg, M. Elmehed, K. (2000). Unconscious facial reactions to emotional facial expressions. Psychological Science: A Journal of the American Psychological Society, 11, 86 89.
24. Duru, A. D., Eryilmaz, H., Emir, U., Bayraktaroglu, Z., Demiralp, T. Ademoglu, A. (2007). Implementation of low resolution electro-magnetic tomography with FMRI statistical maps on realistic head models. Conference Proceedings of the IEEE Engineering, Medicine and Biology Society, 2007, 5239 5242.
25. Ekman, P., Hager, J. C. Friesen, W. V. (1981). The symmetry of emotional and deliberate facial actions. Psychophysiology, 18, 101 106.
26. Eryilmaz, H. H., Duru, A. D., Parlak, B., Ademoglu, A. Demiralp, T. (2007). Neuroimaging of event related brain potentials (ERP) using fMRI and dipole source reconstruction. Conference Proceedings of the IEEE Engineering, Medicine, and Biology Society, 2007, 3384 3387.
27. Evans, A. C., Collins, D. L., Mills, S. R., Brown, E. D., Kelly, R. L. Peters, T. M. (1993). 3D statistical neuroanatomical models from 305 MRI volumes. Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, 1993. 1993 IEEE Conference Record, 1813 1817.
28. Fitzgibbon, S. P., Powers, D. M., Pope, K. J. Clark, C. R. (2007). Removal of EEG noise and artifact using blind source separation. Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology, 24, 232 243.
29. Frei, E., Gamma, A., Pascual-Marqui, R., Lehmann, D., Hell, D. Vollenweider, F. X. (2001). Localization of MDMA-induced brain activity in healthy volunteers using low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA). Human Brain Mapping, 14, 152 165.
30. Fuchs, M., Wagner, M., Kohler, T. Wischmann, H. A. (1999). Linear and nonlinear current density reconstructions. Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology, 16, 267 295.
31. Gasser, T., Bacher, P. Mocks, J. (1982). Transformations towards the normal distribution of broad band spectral parameters of the EEG. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 53, 119 124.
32. Gasser, T., Schuller, J. C. Gasser, U. S. (2005). Correction of muscle artefacts in the EEG power spectrum. Clinical Neurophysiology, 116, 2044 2050.
33. Goncharova, I. I., McFarland, D. J., Vaughan, T. M. Wolpaw, J. R. (2003). EMG contamination of EEG: Spectral and topographical characteristics. Clinical Neurophysiology, 114, 1580 1593.
34. Gotman, J., Ives, J. R. Gloor, P. (1981). Frequency content of EEG and EMG at seizure onset: Possibility of removal of EMG artefact by digital filtering. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 52, 626 639.
35. Gratton, G. (1998). Dealing with artifacts: The EOG contamination of the event-related brain. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments & Computers, 30, 44 53.
36. Greischar, L. L., Burghy, C. A., van Reekum, C. M., Jackson, D. C., Pizzagalli, D. A., Mueller, C., et al 2004). Effects of electrode density and electrolyte spreading in dense array electroencephalographic recording. Clinical Neurophysiology, 115, 710 720.
37. Gray, H. (1918). In W. H. Lewis (Ed.), Anatomy of the human body (20th ed). Philadelphia : Lea & Febiger.
38. Grova, C., Daunizeau, J., Lina, J. M., Benar, C. G., Benali, H. Gotman, J. (2006). Evaluation of EEG localization methods using realistic simulations of interictal spikes. Neuroimage, 29, 734 753.
39. Jung, T. P., Makeig, S., Humphries, C., Lee, T. W., McKeown, M. J., Iragui, V., et al 2000). Removing electroencephalographic artifacts by blind source separation. Psychophysiology, 37, 163 178.
40. Kobayashi, K., Yoshinaga, H., Ohtsuka, Y. Gotman, J. (2005). Dipole modeling of epileptic spikes can be accurate or misleading. Epilepsia, 46, 397 408.
41. Lantz, G., Michel, C. M., Pascual-Marqui, R. D., Spinelli, L., Seeck, M., Seri, S., et al 1997). Extracranial localization of intracranial interictal epileptiform activity using LORETA (low resolution electromagnetic tomography). Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 102, 414 442.
42. Laufs, H. (2008). Endogenous brain oscillations and related networks detected by surface EEG-combined fMRI. Human Brain Mapping., 29, 762 769.
43. Lee, S. Buchsbaum, M. S. (1987). Topographic mapping of EEG artifacts. Clinical EEG (Electroencephalography), 18, 61 67.
44. Lutz, A., Greischar, L. L., Rawlings, N. B., Ricard, M. Davidson, R. J. (2004). Long-term meditators self-induce high-amplitude gamma synchrony during mental practice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101, 16369 16373.
45. Mammone, N. Morabito, F. C. (2008). Enhanced automatic artifact detection based on independent component analysis and Renyi's entropy. Neural Networks, 21, 1029 1040.
46. McKeown, M. J. Radtke, R. (2001). Phasic and tonic coupling between EEG and EMG demonstrated with independent component analysis. Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology, 18, 45 57.
47. Meltzer, J. A., Negishi, M., Mayes, L. C. Constable, R. T. (2007). Individual differences in EEG theta and alpha dynamics during working memory correlate with fMRI responses across subjects. Clinical Neurophysiology, 118, 2419 2436.
48. Miltner, W., Braun, C., Johnson, R. Jr., Simpson, G. V. Ruchkin, D. S. (1994). A test of brain electrical source analysis (BESA): A simulation study. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 91, 295 310.
49. Morecraft, R. J., Stilwell-Morecraft, K. S. Rossing, W. R. (2004). The motor cortex and facial expression: New insights from neuroscience. Neurologist, 10, 235 249.
50. Mulert, C., Jager, L., Schmitt, R., Bussfeld, P., Pogarell, O., Moller, H. J., et al 2004). Integration of fMRI and simultaneous EEG: Towards a comprehensive understanding of localization and time-course of brain activity in target detection. NeuroImage, 22, 83 94.
51. Oakes, T. R., Pizzagalli, D. A., Hendrick, A. M., Horras, K. A., Larson, C. L., Abercrombie, H. C., et al 2004). Functional coupling of simultaneous electrical and metabolic activity in the human brain. Human Brain Mapping, 21, 257 270.
52. Ohrbach, R., Blascovich, J., Gale, E. N., McCall, W. D. Dworkin, S. F. (1998). Psychophysiological assessment of stress in chronic pain: Comparisons of stressful stimuli and of response systems. Journal of Dental Research, 77, 1840 1850.
53. Onton, J., Westerfield, M., Townsend, J. Makeig, S. (2006). Imaging human EEG dynamics using independent component analysis. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 30, 808 822.
54. Pascual-Marqui, R. D., Michel, C. M. Lehmann, D. (1994). Low resolution electromagnetic tomography: A new method for localizing electrical activity in the brain. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 18, 49 65.
55. Pascual-Marqui, R. D. (1999). Review of methods for solving the EEG inverse problem. International Journal of Bioelectromagnetism, 1, 75 86.
56. Pascual-Marqui, R. D., Lehmann, D., Koenig, T., Kochi, K., Merlo, M. C. G., Hell, D., et al 1999). Low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography LORETA functional imaging in acute, neuroleptic-naive, first-episode, productive schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 90, 169 179.
57. Pascual-Marqui, R. D., Esslen, M., Kochi, K. Lehmann, D. (2002). Functional imaging with low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA): A review. Methods & Findings in Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, 24, 91 95.
58. Perrin, F., Pernier, J., Bertrand, O. Echallier, J. F. (1989). Spherical splines for scalp potential and current density mapping. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 72, 184 187.
59. Phillips, C., Rugg, M. D. Friston, K. J. (2002a). Systematic regularization of linear inverse solutions of the EEG source localization problem. NeuroImage, 17, 287 301.
60. Phillips, C., Rugg, M. D. Friston, K. J. (2002b). Anatomically informed basis functions for EEG source localization: Combining functional and anatomical constraints. NeuroImage, 16 (3 Pt 1), 678 695.
61. Pivik, R. T., Broughton, R. J., Coppola, R., Davidson, R. J., Fox, N. Nuwer, M. R. (1993). Guidelines for the recording and quantitative analysis of electroencephalographic activity in research contexts. Psychophysiology, 30, 547 558.
62. Pizzagalli, D. A. (2007). Electroencephalography and high-density electrophysiological source localization. In : J. T. Cacioppo, L. G. Tassinaru G. G. Berntson (Eds.), Handbook of psychophysiology (3rd Edition). Cambridge, U.K. : Cambridge University Press. pp. 56 84.
63. Pizzagalli, D. A., Oakes, T. R. Davidson, R. J. (2003). Coupling of theta activity and glucose metabolism in the human rostral anterior cingulate cortex: An EEG/PET study of normal and depressed subjects. Psychophysiology, 40, 939 949.
64. Pizzagalli, D. A., Oakes, T. R., Fox, A. S., Chung, M. K., Larson, C. L., Abercrombie, H. C., et al 2004). Functional but not structural subgenual prefrontal cortex abnormalities in melancholia. Molecular Psychiatry, 9, 393 405.
65. Putnam, K. M., Pizzagalli, D. A., Gooding, D. C., Kalin, N. H. Davidson, R. J. (2008). Neural activity and diurnal variation of cortisol: Evidence from brain electrical tomography analysis and relevance to anhedonia. Psychophysiology, 45, 886 895.
66. Romei, V., Brodbeck, V., Michel, C., Amedi, A., Pascual-Leone, A. Thut, G. (2007). Spontaneous fluctuations in posterior alpha-band EEG activity reflect variability in excitability of human visual areas. Cerebral Cortex, 18, 2010 2018.
67. Sadasivan, P. K. Dutt, D. N. (1995). Use of finite wordlength FIR digital filter structures with improved magnitude and phase characteristics for reduction of muscle noise in EEG signals. Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing, 33, 306 312.
68. Schellberg, D., Besthorn, C., Klos, T. Gasser, T. (1990). EEG power and coherence while male adults watch emotional video films. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 9, 279 291.
69. Seaman, M. A. Serlin, R. C. (1998). Equivalence confidence intervals for two-group comparisons of means. Psychological Methods, 3, 403 411.
70. Seeck, M., Lazeyras, F., Michel, C. M., Blanke, O., Gericke, C. A., Ives, J., et al 1998). Non-invasive epileptic focus localization using EEG-triggered functional MRI and electromagnetic tomography. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 106, 508 512.
71. Shackman, A. J., Sarinopoulos, I., Maxwell, J. S., Pizzagalli, D. A., Lavric, A. Davidson, R. J. (2006). Anxiety selectively disrupts visuospatial working memory. Emotion, 6, 40 61.
72. Sutton, S. K., Davidson, R. J., Donzella, B., Irwin, W. Dottl, D. A. (1997). Manipulating affective state using extended picture presentations. Psychophysiology, 34, 217 226.
73. Thatcher, R. W., North, D. Biver, C. (2005). Evaluation and validity of a LORETA normative EEG database. Clinical EEG and Neuroscience, 36 (2), 116 122.
74. Trujillo-Barreto, N. J., Aubert-Vazquez, E. Penny, W. D. (2008). Bayesian M/EEG source reconstruction with spatio-temporal priors. Neuroimage, 39, 318 335.
75. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (2001). Guidance for industry: Statistical approaches to establishing bioequivalence. Retrieved November 11, 2007, from
76. van Boxtel, A. (2001). Optimal signal bandwidth for the recording of surface EMG activity of facial, jaw, oral, and neck muscles. Psychophysiology, 38, 22 34.
77. Vitacco, D., Brandeis, D., Pascual-Marqui, R. Martin, E. (2002). Correspondence of event-related potential tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging during language processing. Human Brain Mapping, 17, 4 12.
78. Waterink, W. van Boxtel, A. (1994). Facial and jaw-elevator EMG activity in relation to changes in performance level during a sustained information processing task. Biological Psychology, 37, 183 198.
79. Welch, P. D. (1967). The use of Fast Fourier Transform for the estimation of power spectra: A method based on time averaging over short, modified periodograms. IEEE Transactions on Audio and Electroacoustics, 15, 70 73.
80. Whitham, E. M., Pope, K. J., Fitzgibbon, S. P., Lewis, T., Clark, C. R., Loveless, S., et al 2007). Scalp electrical recording during paralysis: Quantitative evidence that EEG frequencies above 20 hz are contaminated by EMG. Clinical Neurophysiology, 118, 1877 1888.
81. Whitham, E. M., Lewis, T., Pope, K. J., Fitzgibbon, S. P., Clark, C. R., Loveless, S., et al 2008). Thinking activates EMG in scalp electrical recordings. Clinical Neurophysiology, 119, 1166 1175.
82. Willis, J., Nelson, A., Rice, J. Black, F. W. (1993). The topography of muscle activity in quantitative EEG. Clinical EEG (Electroencephalography), 24, 123 126.
83. Worrell, G. A., Lagerlund, T. D., Sharbrough, F. W., Brinkmann, B. H., Busacker, N. E., Cicora, K. M., et al 2000). Localization of the epileptic focus by low-resolution electromagnetic tomography in patients with a lesion demonstrated by MRI. Brain Topography, 12, 273 282.
84. Yao, J. Dewald, J. P. (2005). Evaluation of different cortical source localization methods using simulated and experimental EEG data. NeuroImage, 25, 369 382.
85. Zhou, R. Hu, S. (2004). Effects of viewing pleasant and unpleasant photographs on facial EMG asymmetry. Perceptual and Motor Skill, 99 (3 pt 2), 1157 1167.
86. Zumsteg, D., Friedman, A., Wennberg, R. A. Wieser, H. G. (2005). Source localization of mesial temporal interictal epileptiform discharges: Correlation with intracranial foramen ovale electrode recordings. Clinical Neurophysiology, 116, 2810 2818.
87. Zumsteg, D., Wennberg, R. A., Treyer, V., Buck, A. Wieser, H. G. (2005). H2(15)O or 13NH3 PET and electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) during partial status epilepticus. Neurology, 65, 1657 1660.