Digoxin treatment is associated with an increased incidence of breast cancer: A population-based case-control study

Breast Cancer Research

Volumn 10, Issue 6, 2008, Pages

  Ahern, Thomas P ^a,b   Lash, Timothy L ^a,b   Sørensen, Henrik T ^a,b   Pedersen, Lars ^b  

^a AARHUS UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Denmark)

^b BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARDIOTONIC AGENT; DIGITOXIN; DIGOXIN;

AGED; ARTICLE; BREAST TUMOR; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CASE CONTROL STUDY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; MIDDLE AGED; POSTMENOPAUSE; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK FACTOR;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BREAST NEOPLASMS; CARDIOTONIC AGENTS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; DIGITOXIN; DIGOXIN; FEMALE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MIDDLE AGED; POSTMENOPAUSE; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 63849286667     PISSN: 14655411     EISSN: 1465542X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/bcr2205     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Harrison TR, Fauci AS. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 1998, 1264-1295. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, Health Professions Division, 14.
2. Stenkvist B, Bengtsson E, Eriksson O, Holmquist J, Nordin B, Westman-Naeser S. Cardiac glycosides and breast cancer. Lancet 1979, 1:563. 10.1016/S0140-6736(79)90996-6, 85158.
3. Stenkvist B, Pengtsson E, Dahlqvist B, Eriksson O, Jarkrans T, Nordin B. Cardiac glycosides and breast cancer, revisited. N Engl J Med 1982, 306:484.
4. Stenkvist B. Is digitalis a therapy for breast carcinoma?. Oncol Rep 1999, 6:493-496.
5. Chen JQ, Contreras RG, Wang R, Fernandez SV, Shoshani L, Russo IH, Cereijido M, Russo J. Sodium/potassium ATPase (Na+, K+-ATPase) and ouabain/related cardiac glycosides: A new paradigm for development of anti- breast cancer drugs?. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2006, 96:1-15. 10.1007/s10549-005-9053-3, 16322895.
6. Newman RA, Yang P, Pawlus AD, Block KI. Cardiac glycosides as novel cancer therapeutic agents. Mol Interv 2008, 8:36-49. 10.1124/mi.8.1.8, 18332483.
7. Haux J, Klepp O, Spigset O, Tretli S. Digitoxin medication and cancer; case control and internal dose-response studies. BMC Cancer 2001, 1:11. 48150, 11532201, 10.1186/1471-2407-1-11.
8. Friedman GD. Digitalis and breast cancer. Lancet 1984, 2:875. 10.1016/S0140-6736(84)90915-2, 6148608.
9. Sorensen HT, Christensen S, Mehnert F, Pedersen L, Chapurlat RD, Cummings SR, Baron JA. Use of bisphosphonates among women and risk of atrial fibrillation and flutter: population based case-control study. BMJ 2008, 336:813-816. 2292333, 18334527, 10.1136/bmj.39507.551644.BE.
10. Sorensen HT, Skriver MV, Friis S, McLaughlin JK, Blot WJ, Baron JA. Use of antibiotics and risk of breast cancer: a population-based case-control study. Br J Cancer 2005, 92:594-596.
11. Frank L. Epidemiology. When an entire country is a cohort. Science 2000, 287:2398-2399. 10.1126/science.287.5462.2398, 10766613.
12. Floyd A, Pedersen L, Nielsen GL, Thorlacius-Ussing O, Sorensen HT. Risk of acute pancreatitis in users of azathioprine: a population-based case-control study. Am J Gastroenterol 2003, 98:1305-1308.
13. Lash TL, Pedersen L, Cronin-Fenton D, Ahern TP, Rosenberg CL, Lunetta KL, Silliman RA, Hamilton-Dutoit S, Garne JP, Ewertz M, Sørensen HT. Tamoxifen's protection against breast cancer recurrence is not reduced by concurrent use of the SSRI citalopram. Br J Cancer 2008, 99:616-621. 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604533, 18665165, 2527838.
14. World Health Organization WHO Collaborating Center for Drug Statistics Methodology. World Health Organization., http://www.whocc.no/atcddd/
15. Schulman S, Lindmarker P. Incidence of cancer after prophylaxis with warfarin against recurrent venous thromboembolism. Duration of Anticoagulation Trial. N Engl J Med 2000, 342:1953-1958. 10.1056/NEJM200006293422604, 10874063.
16. McGettigan P, Han P, Jones L, Whitaker D, Henry D. Selective COX-2 inhibitors, NSAIDs and congestive heart failure: differences between new and recurrent cases. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008, 65:927-934. 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03121.x, 18384446.
17. Moysich KB, Beehler GP, Zirpoli G, Choi JY, Baker JA. Use of common medications and breast cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008, 17:1564-1595. 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-2828, 18628410.
18. Terry MB, Gammon MD, Zhang FF, Tawfik H, Teitelbaum SL, Britton JA, Subbaramaiah K, Dannenberg AJ, Neugut AI. Association of frequency and duration of aspirin use and hormone receptor status with breast cancer risk. JAMA 2004, 291:2433-2440. 10.1001/jama.291.20.2433, 15161893.
19. Cuzick J. Hormone replacement therapy and the risk of breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 2008, 44:2344-2349. 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.07.041, 18783940.
20. Rothman KJ, Greenland S, Lash TL. Case-control studies. Modern Epidemiology 2008, 111-125. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 3.
21. Stenkvist B, Bengtsson E, Eklund G, Eriksson O, Holmquist J, Nordin B, Westman-Naeser S. Evidence of a modifying influence of heart glucosides on the development of breast cancer. Anal Quant Cytol 1980, 2:49-54.
22. Ewertz M, Holmberg L, Tretli S, Pedersen BV, Kristensen A. Risk factors for male breast cancer - a case-control study from Scandinavia. Acta Oncol 2001, 40:467-471. 10.1080/028418601750288181, 11504305.
23. Cove DH, Barker GA. Digoxin and hormone receptors. Lancet 1979, 2:204. 10.1016/S0140-6736(79)91475-2, 89319.
24. Freyberger A, Schmuck G. Screening for estrogenicity and anti-estrogenicity: a critical evaluation of an MVLN cell-based transactivation assay. Toxicol Lett 2005, 155:1-13. 10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.06.014, 15585354.
25. Aizman O, Aperia A. Na, K-ATPase as a signal transducer. Ann NY Acad Sci 2003, 986:489-496.
26. Nesher M, Shpolansky U, Rosen H, Lichtstein D. The digitalis-like steroid hormones: new mechanisms of action and biological significance. Life Sci 2007, 80:2093-2107. 10.1016/j.lfs.2007.03.013, 17499813.
27. Rifka SM, Pita JC, Loriaux DL. Mechanism of interaction of digitalis with estradiol binding sites in rat uteri. Endocrinology 1976, 99:1091-1096.
28. Rothman KJ, Greenland S, Lash TL. Validity in epidemiologic studies. Modern Epidemiology 2008, 134-137. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 3.
29. Russo J, Moral R, Balogh GA, Mailo D, Russo IH. The protective role of pregnancy in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2005, 7:131-142. 1143568, 15987443, 10.1186/bcr1029.
30. Hjartaker A, Langseth H, Weiderpass E. Obesity and diabetes epidemics: cancer repercussions. Adv Exp Med Biol 2008, 630:72-93.
31. Zalesin KC, Franklin BA, Miller WM, Peterson ED, McCullough PA. Impact of obesity on cardiovascular disease. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2008, 37:663-684. 10.1016/j.ecl.2008.06.004, 18775358.