Presence of lead in opium

Archives of Iranian Medicine

Volumn 11, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 553-554

  Aghaee Afshar, Mahmoud ^a   Khazaeli, Payam ^b   Behnam, Behzad ^b   Rezazadehkermani, Mohammad ^c,d   Ashraf Ganjooei, Narges ^c  

^a KERMAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

^b KERMAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

^c KERMAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

^d NONE   (Iran)

Author keywords

Atomic absorption; Lead; Opium

Indexed keywords

LEAD; OPIATE;

ARTICLE; ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CONTENT ANALYSIS; IRAN; LEAD POISONING; OPIATE ADDICTION;

HUMANS; LEAD; LEAD POISONING; OPIOID-RELATED DISORDERS; OPIUM;

EID: 63449083352     PISSN: 10292977     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (11)

1. Ehsan-Manesh M, Karimi-Keisami I. A review of the history and several studies regarding substance abuse in Iran [in Persian]. Q J Andeesheh va Raftar. 1378; 19: 78-82.
2. Kadivar M, Javadinia N, Nemati N. A survey on opium and its derivatives poisoning in Children's Medical Center Hospital [in Persian]. J Med Counc Islam Repub Iran. 1379; 2: 106-100.
3. Ahmadi J, Benrazavi L. Substance use among Iranian nephrologic patients. Am J Nephrol. 2002; 22: 3-11.
4. Narang AP, Chawla LS, Khurana SB. Levels of arsenic in Indian opium eaters. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1987; 20: 149-153.
5. Masoodi M, Zali MR, Ehsani-Ardakani MJ, Mohammad-Alizadeh AH, Aiassofi K, Aghazadeh R, et al. Abdominal pain due to lead-contaminated opium: a new source of inorganic lead poisoning in Iran. Arch Iran Med. 2006; 9: 72-75.
6. Asha V. Hand Book of Atomic Absorption Analysis. United Satates: CRC Press; 1987: 253.
7. Wels B. Michael Sperling: Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. 3rd ed. Germany: Wiley-VCH Press; 1999: 516.
8. Moffat AC, Osselton MD, Widdop B. Clarke's Analysis of Drugs and Poisons. 3rd ed. Great Britain: Pharmaceutical Press; 2004: 266.
9. World Heath Organization. Evaluation of Certain Food Additives and Contaminants; 33rd Report of the Joint FAO/WHO. Expert Committee on Food Additives; Technical Report Series 776. WHO, Geneva; 1989.
10. Kramer JC. Speculations on the nature and pattern of opium smoking. In: Gamella JF, ed. Drugs and Alcohol in the Pacific: The Making of New Consumer Trends and Its Consequences. UK: Ashgate Publishing Group; 2002: 145-155.
11. Chia BL, Leng CK, Hsii FP, Yap MH, Lee YK. Lead poisoning from contaminated opium. Br Med J. 1973; 1: 354.