Missing the boat? A playfully serious look at a group cruise tour experience

Leisure Sciences

Volumn 26, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 349-372

  Yarnal, Careen Mackay ^a  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cruise tourism; Dialectics; Play; Tourism; Tourism behavior

Indexed keywords

BEHAVIORAL RESPONSE; BOATING; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; TOURISM;

EID: 6344265505     PISSN: 01490400     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01490400490502345     Document Type: Article

References (104)

1. Aramberri, J. (2001). The host should get lost. Paradigms in the tourism theory. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(3), 738-761.
2. Babbie, E. (2001). The practice of social research (9th ed.). Belmont, NY: Wadsworth.
3. Bakhtin, M. (1984). Rabelais and his world. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
4. Bateson, G. (1956). The message "this is play." In B. Schaffner (ed.), Group processes (pp. 145-242). New York, NY: Macy.
5. Bauer, G. (1993). Play and research - a contradiction? In M. Duncan (ed. , Play theory and research (pp. 179-188). Champaign IL: Sagamore.
6. Baxter, L., Mazanec, M., Nicholson, J., Pittman, G., Smith, K., & West, L. (1997). Everyday loyalties and betrayals in personal relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 14(5 ), 655-678.
7. Bell, D. & Valentine, G. (eds.). (1997). Consuming geographies: We are where we eat. New York, NY. Routledge.
8. Bernard, H. (1994). Research methods in anthropology: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
9. Bruner, E. (1995). The ethnographer/tourist in Indonesia. In M. Lanfant, J. Allcock & E. Bruner (Eds.), International tourism: Identity and change (pp. 225-241). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
10. Buck, R. (1978a). Towards a synthesis of tourism theory. Annals of Tourism Research, 5(1), 110-111.
11. Buck, R. (1978b). Boundary maintenance revisited: Tourist experience in an old order Amish community. Rural Sociology, 43(2), 221-234.
12. Butler, R. & Boyd, S. (eds.). (2000). Tourism and national parks. New York, NY: Wiley & Sons.
13. Caillois, R. (1961). Man, play, and games. New York, NY: The Free Press of Glencoe.
14. Chick, G. (1998a). Leisure and culture: Issues for an anthropology of leisure. Leisure Sciences, 20(1), 111-133.
15. Chick, G. (1998b). Science, materialism, and the quest for an anthropology of leisure: A rejoinder. Leisure Sciences, 20(3), 229-242.
16. Chick, G. (2001). What is play for? Sexual selection and the evolution of play. Play and Culture Studies, 3(1), 3-25.
17. CLIA, Cruise Lines International Association. (2000). CLIA reports record 5.9 million North Americans cruised in 1999; nine percent increase forecast for 2000. Retrieved 04/09/2000 from the World Wide Web: http://www.cruising.org/.
18. CLIA, Cruise Lines International Association. (2003). Kids at sea: Cruise lines create quality time for families. Cruise Lines International Association. Retrieved 03/10/2001 from the World Wide Web: http://www.cruising.org/press/press-kits/kits/pko-53.cfm.
19. Cohen, E. (1972)., Who is a tourist? A conceptual clarification. The Sociological Review, 22(4), 527-555.
20. Cohen, E. (1984). The sociology of tourism: Approaches, issues and findings. Annual Review of Sociology, 10(1), 373-390.
21. Cohen, E. (1985). Tourism as play. Religion, 15(1), 291-304.
22. Cook, D. (2001). Introduction: The elephant in the living room. Leisure Sciences, 23(1), 67-70.
23. Counts, D. & Counts, D. (1996). Over the next hill. An ethnography of RVing seniors in North America. Ontario, Canada: Broadview Press.
24. Crang, M. (1999). Knowing, tourism, and practices of vision. In D. Crouch (ed.), Leisure/tourism geographies (pp. 238-256). New York, NY: Routledge.
25. Cresswell, T. (1990). In place out of place. Geography, ideology, and transgression. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
26. Creswell, J. (1998). Qualitative inquiry and research design. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
27. Crick, M. (1989). Representations of International Tourism in the Social Sciences: Sun, sex, sights, savings and servility. Annual Reviews in Anthropology, 18(1), 307-344.
28. Crouch, D. (1999). Introduction: Encounters in leisure/tourism. In D. Crouch (ed.), Leisure/tourism geographies (pp. 1-16). New York, NY: Routledge.
29. Csikszentmihalyi, M. & Csikszentmihalyi, I. (1988). Optimal experience. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
30. Denzin, N. & Lincoln, Y. (eds.). (1994). Handbook of qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
31. Denzin, N. & Lincoln, Y. (eds.). (2000). Handbook of qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
32. Dimanche, F. & Samdahl, D. M. (1994). Leisure as symbolic consumption: A conceptualization and prospectus for future research. Leisure Sciences, 16(2) 119-129.
33. Duncan, M. (1988). Play discourse and the rhetorical turn: A semiological analysis of Homo Ludens. Play and Culture, 1(1), 28-42.
34. Emerson, R., Frantz, R., & Shaw, S. (1995). Writing ethnographic field notes. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
35. Erikson, E. (1972). Play and actuality. In M. Piers (ed.), Play and development. New York, NY: Norton.
36. Fine, G. (1986). A response to Sutton-Smith's "Idealization of Play." In C. Rees & A. Miracle (eds.), Sport and social theory (pp. 103-106). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
37. Foster, G. (1986). South seas cruise: A case study of a short-lived society. Annals of Tourism Research, 13(2), 215-238.
38. Franklin, A. & Crang, M. (2001). The trouble with tourism and travel theory. Tourist Studies, 1(1), 1-22.
39. Freysinger, V. (1999). Life span and life course perspectives on leisure. In E. L. Jackson & T. L. Burton (eds.), Leisure Studies: Prospects for the twenty-first century (pp. 253-270). State College, PA: Venture Publishing.
40. Glaser, B. & Strauss, A. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory. Chicago, IL: Aldine.
41. Gordon, S. (1991). The history and philosophy of social science. New York, NY: Routledge.
42. Gottlieb, A. (1982). American's vacations. Annals of Tourism Research, 9(1), 165-187.
43. Graburn, H. (1983). The anthropology of tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 10(1), 9-33.
44. Gruneau, R. (1983). Class, sports and social development. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.
45. Henricks. (2002). Huizinga's contributions to play: A reappraisal. Fields of Play, 4(1), 23-60.
46. Holt, D. (1995). How consumers consume: A typology of consumer practices. Journal of Consumer Research, 22(1), 1-16.
47. Holt, D. (2000). Postmodern markets. In J. Schor (Ed.), Do Americans shop too much? (pp. 63-68). Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
48. Huizinga, J. (1950). Homo Ludens: A study of the play element in culture. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
49. Jackson, E. L (1994). Activity specific constraints on leisure. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 12, 33-49.
50. Kasson, J. (1978). Amusing the millions: Coney Island at the turn of the century. New York, NY: Hill and Wang.
51. Kelly, J. (1981). Leisure interaction and the social dialectic. Social Forces, 60(2), 304-321.
52. Kelly, J. (1983). Leisure identities and interactions. In S. Parker & G. S. (eds.), Leisure and Recreation Studies (Vol. 1, pp. 205). London, UK: Allen & Unwin.
53. Kelly, J. (1999). Leisure and society: A dialectical analysis. In E. L. Jackson & T. L. Burton (eds.), Leisure Studies: Prospects for the twenty-first century (pp. 53-79). State College, PA: Venture Publishing.
54. Kelly, J. (2000). The "real world" and the irrelevance of theory based research. Journal of Leisure Research, 32(1), 74-78.
55. Kelly-Bryne, D. (1989). A child's play life. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
56. Kleiber, D. (1985). Motivational reorientation in adulthood and the resource of leisure. In D. Kleiber & M. Maher (eds.), Advances in motivation and achievement: motivation and adulthood (pp. 217-250). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
57. Kleiber, D. (2000). The neglect of relaxation. Journal of Leisure Research, 32(1), 82-86.
58. Knox, P. & Marston, S. (2001). Places and regions in global context. Human geography (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
59. Laurier, E. (1999). That sinking feeling. In D. Crouch (ed.), Leisure /tourism geographies (pp. 195-213). New York, NY: Routledge.
60. Lett, J. (1983). Ludic and liminoid aspects of charter yacht tourism in the Caribbean. Annals of Tourism Research, 10(1), 35-56.
61. Lofgren, O. (1999). On holiday: A history of vacationing. Berkley, CA: University of California Press.
62. MacCannell, D. (1976). The tourist: A new theory of the leisure class. New York, NY: Schocken Books.
63. Magee, B. (1998). The story of philosophy. New York, NY: DK Publishing.
64. Mancini, M. (2000). Cruising. A guide to the cruise line industry. Albany, NY: Delmar.
65. Marcus, G. (1997). Forty years of overstatement: Criticism and the Disney Theme Parks. In K. Marshall, C. & Rossman, G. (1995). Designing qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
66. Marshall, C. & Rossman, G. (1995). Designing qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
67. Mastny, L. (2002). Cruise industry buoyant. In J. Abramovitz (ed.), Vital signs 2002. The trends that shape our future. New York, NY: Norton.
68. Maxwell, J. (1996). Qualitative research design. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
69. McDowell, E. (2002). Aboard for the shorter haul. New York Times [Electronic version]. Retrieved 10/10/2002 from the World Wide Web: http://www.nytimes.conv2002/09/29/travel/TRENDS.html.
70. Miles, M. & Huberman, A. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: A sourcebook of new methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
71. Morais, D., Kerstetter, D., & Mackay Yarnal, C. (2002). A love triangle: Customers, providers, and friends. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Travel and Tourism Research Association, June, Arlington, VA.
72. Morse, J. (1994). Designing funded qualitative research. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 220-235). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
73. Passariello, P. (1983). Never on a Sunday? Mexican tourists at the beach. Annals of Tourism Research, 10(1), 109-122.
74. Peisley, T. (1996). The world cruise ship industry to 2000. New York, NY: Travel and Tourism Intelligence.
75. Quiroga, I. (1990). Characteristics of package tours in Europe. Annals of Tourism Research, 17(2), 185-207.
76. Richards, T. & Richards, R. (1994). Using computers in qualitative research. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
77. Ritzer, G. & Stillman, T. (2001). The postmodern ballpark as a leisure setting: Enchantment and simulated de-McDonaldization. Leisure Sciences, 23(2), 99-114.
78. Roberts, J. & Chick, G. (1984). Quitting the game: Covert disengagement from Butler County eight ball. American Anthropologist, 86(3), 549-567.
79. Roberts, J. & Sutton-Smith, B. (1962). Child training and game involvement. Ethnology, 1(2), 166-185.
80. Rojek, C. & Urry, J. (eds.). (1997). Touring Cultures transformations of travel and theory. New York, NY: Routledge.
81. Samdahl, D. M. (1992). Leisure in Our Lives: Exploring the common leisure occasion. Journal of Leisure Research, 24(1), 19-32.
82. Schechner, R. (1988). Playing. Play and Culture, 1(1), 3-19.
83. Schwartzman, H. (1978). Transformations. New York, NY: Plenium Press
84. Small, J. (1999). Memory-work: A method for researching women's tourist experiences. Tourism Management, 20, 25-35.
85. Spariosu, M. (1989). Dionysus reborn. Ithaca, NY. Cornell University Press.
86. Spariosu, M. (1997). Play, liminality and the study of literature. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
87. Stebbins, R. (1999). Serious Leisure. In E. L. Jackson & T. L. Burton (eds.), Leisure studies: Prospects for the twenty-first century (pp. 69-80). State College, PA: Venture Publishing.
88. Stebbins, R. (2000). Obligation as an aspect of the leisure experience. Journal of Leisure Research, 32(1), 152-155.
89. Stokowski, P. (1992). Social networks and tourist behavior. American Behavioral Scientist, 36(2), 212-221.
90. Strauss, A. & Corbin, J. (1994). Grounded theory methodology. An overview. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 273-285). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
91. Sutton-Smith, B. (1986). The idealization of play. In Sport and social theory (pp. 85-102). Champaign, Ill: Human Kinetics.
92. Sutton-Smith, B. (1997). The ambiguity of play. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
93. Turner, V. (1982). From ritual to theatre. The human seriousness of play. New York, NY: Performing Arts Journal Publications.
94. Turner, V. & Bruner, E. (eds.). (1986). The anthropology of experience. Chicago, Ill: University of Illinois Press.
95. Wang, N. (1996). Logos-modernity, eros-modernity, and leisure. Leisure Studies, 15(2), 121-135.
96. Wang, N. (2000). The sociology of tourism. New York, NY: Sage.
97. Wearing, B. (1998). Leisure and feminist theory. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
98. Wickens, E. (2002). The sacred and the profane. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(3), 834-851.
99. Wolcott, H. (1999). Ethnography. A way of seeing. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Publications.
100. Wood, R. (2000). Caribbean cruise tourism. Globalization at sea. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(2), 345-370.
101. World Tourism Organization. (1999). Tourism generating markets: Overview and country profiles. Madrid, Spain: World Tourism Organization.
102. World Travel and Tourism Council; IHRA, International Hotel & Restaurant Association; IFTO, International Federation of Tour Operators; ICCL, International Council on Cruise Lines (2002). Industry as a sustainable partner for development. Tourism. Report produced for UNDP, United Nations Development Program. London, UK: Beacon Press. (ISBN: 92-807-2193-1).
103. Wyllie, R. (2000). Tourism and society. A guide to problems and issues. State College, PA: Venture Publishing.
104. Yarnal, C. M. & Kerstetter, D. (2004). Casting off. An exploration of cruise ship space, group tour behavior and social interaction. Manuscript submitted for publication.