The Sexual Offences Act 2003: Intoxicated consent and drug assisted rape revisited

Criminal Law Review

Volumn , Issue OCT., 2004, Pages 789-802

  Finch, E ^a   Munro, V E ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA   (United Kingdom)

^b KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 6344220245     PISSN: 0011135X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (32)

1. E. Finch and V.E. Munro, "Intoxicated Consent and the Boundaries of Drug-Assisted Rape", [2003] Crim.L.R. 773-87.
2. s.74, Sexual Offences Act 2003.
3. In particular, s.75, Sexual Offences Act 2003.
4. Larter and Castleton [1995] Crim.L.R. 78; Malone [1998] 2 Cr.App.R. 447; [1998] Crim.L.R. 834.
5. Larter and Castleton [1995] Crim.L.R. 78; Malone [1998] 2 Cr.App.R. 447; [1998] Crim.L.R. 834.
6. Larter and Castleton [1995] Crim.L.R. 78; Malone [1998] 2 Cr.App.R. 447; [1998] Crim.L.R. 834.
7. Olugboja [1982] Q.B. 320 per Dunn L.J.
8. N. Dixon, "Alcohol and Rape", (2001) 15 Public Affairs Quarterly 341-54.
9. A. Wertheimer, "Intoxicated Consent and Sexual relations" (2001) 20 (4) Law and Philosophy 373-401.
10. Rohypnol is a member of the flunitrazepam family of sedative-hypnotic drugs used in the treatment of anxiety and insomnia. It is 10 times more potent than diazepam (valium). It has a pronounced amnesiac effect that is beneficial in a medical context as it can be given to combat the effects of unpleasant procedures such as the changing of burns dressings and the realignment of broken bones.
11. GHB (gamma hydroxybutryate acid) is a central nervous system depressant that was initially developed as an anaesthetic. Despite its use having been outlawed in most jurisdictions (it was classified as a Class C drug by the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Modification) Order 2003 on April 4, 2003), it is easily synthesised using readily available materials and numerous websites exist that contain instructions for its preparation.
12. Lang (1976) 62 Cr.App.R. 50.
13. ibid. at 52.
14. E. Finch and V.E. Munro, "Juror Stereotypes and Blame Attribution in Rape Cases Involving Intoxication: the Findings of a Pilot Study", (2004) 44 B.J. Crim 1-14.
15. J. Temkin, Rape and the Legal Process, (Oxford University Press, 2002); S Lees, Carnal Knowledge - Rape on Trial, (Penguin, 1996).
16. J. Temkin, Rape and the Legal Process, (Oxford University Press, 2002); S Lees, Carnal Knowledge - Rape on Trial, (Penguin, 1996).
17. Setting the Boundaries: Reforming the Law on Sexual Offences (Home Office, London, 2000).
18. DPP v Morgan [1976] A.C. 182; (1975) 61 Cr.App.R. 136.
19. DPP v Morgan [1976] A.C. 182; (1975) 61 Cr.App.R. 136.
20. J. Temkin, "Consent and proof ", Paper presented at the International Association of Penal Law Conference, University of Birmingham, 2003. See also, J. Temkin and A. Ashworth, "The Sexual Offences Act 2003: Rape, Sexual Assaults and the Problems of Consent" [2004] Crim.L.R. 328.
21. J. Temkin, "Consent and proof ", Paper presented at the International Association of Penal Law Conference, University of Birmingham, 2003. See also, J. Temkin and A. Ashworth, "The Sexual Offences Act 2003: Rape, Sexual Assaults and the Problems of Consent" [2004] Crim.L.R. 328.
22. Crown Court Bench Book, 16a Sexual Offences Act 2003, ss.75 and 76: Evidential Presumptions (Judicial Studies Board, 2004).
23. Temkin (2003), cited above. See also Temkin and Ashworth, cited above.
24. Report on the Joint Inspection into the Investigation and Prosecution of Cases Involving Allegations of Rape (HMCPSI and HMIC joint thematic inspection, 2002).
25. L. Slaughter, "Involvement of Drugs in Sexual Assault", (2000) 45 Journal of Reproductive Medicine 425-30.
26. E. Weir, "Drug Facilitated Rape", (2001) 165 Canadian Medical Association Journal 80.
27. In one study, 75% of male respondents were prepared to admit to having used alcohol to increase the likelihood that an initially reluctant woman would engage in intercourse. D.L. Masher and D.L. Anderson, "Macho Personality, Sexual Aggression and Reactions to Guided Imagery of Realistic Rape", (1986) 20 Journal of Research and Personality, 77-89.
28. E Finch and Munro (2004), cited above.
29. Oxford English Dictionary
30. R. v Sturn [2004] 1 N.Z.L.R. 570.
31. S.M. Dowd, P.G. Janiak and A. Negrusz, "The Behavioural and Cognitive Effects of Two Benzodiazapines Associated with Drug-Facilitated Sexual Assault", (2002) 47 Journal of Forensic Science, 1101-07.
32. D. Anglin, K.L. Spears and H. Range Hutson, "Flunitrazepam and its Involvement in Date or Acquaintance Rape", (1997) 4 Journal of Academic Emergency medicine, 323-26; Slaughter, cited above.