메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 3 U, Issue , 2009, Pages 141-170

Critical assessment of the environmental consequences of the invasion of Kuwait, the Gulf war, and the aftermath

Author keywords

Biodiversity conservation; Environmental rehabilitation; Marine ecosystem; Revegetation; Terrestrial ecosystem

Indexed keywords


EID: 63349105349     PISSN: 14336847     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-87963-3_5     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (19)

References (121)
  • 1
    • 17244364120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Gulf War impact on the terrestrial environment of Kuwait: An overview
    • Omar SAS, Austin JE, Bruch CE eds, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp
    • Omar SAS, Briskey E, Misak R, Asem ASO (2000) The Gulf War impact on the terrestrial environment of Kuwait: An overview. In: Austin JE, Bruch CE (eds) The environmental consequences of war: Legal, economic and scientific perspectives. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 316-337
    • (2000) The environmental consequences of war: Legal, economic and scientific perspectives , pp. 316-337
    • Briskey, E.1    Misak, R.2    Asem, A.S.O.3
  • 2
    • 63349105855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing damage magnitude and recovery of the terrestrial ecosystem/Follow up of natural and induced recovery
    • Omar SAS, No. KISR 7105, Kuwait
    • Omar SAS, Misak R, Bhat NR, Shahid SA, Delima EC (2003) Assessing damage magnitude and recovery of the terrestrial ecosystem/Follow up of natural and induced recovery. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research Report No. KISR 7105, Kuwait
    • (2003) Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research Report
    • Misak, R.1    Bhat, N.R.2    Shahid, S.A.3    Delima, E.C.4
  • 3
    • 63349099635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual Statistical Report (2006) Ministry of planning. Statistics and Information Sector, Kuwait
    • Annual Statistical Report (2006) Ministry of planning. Statistics and Information Sector, Kuwait
  • 4
    • 63349096213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Salam AM, Al-Mazrooei S (2007) Changing patterns of climate in Kuwait. Asian J Water, Environ Pollut 4: 119-124
    • Salam AM, Al-Mazrooei S (2007) Changing patterns of climate in Kuwait. Asian J Water, Environ Pollut 4: 119-124
  • 6
    • 0003285529 scopus 로고
    • An overview of vegetation and land degradation in world arid lands
    • Dregne HE ed, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, pp
    • Le Houerou HN (1992) An overview of vegetation and land degradation in world arid lands. In: Dregne HE (ed) Degradation and restoration of arid lands. Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, pp 127-163
    • (1992) Degradation and restoration of arid lands , pp. 127-163
    • Le Houerou, H.N.1
  • 8
    • 63349094796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil survey of for the State of Kuwait
    • KISR , Adelaide, Australia, p
    • KISR (1999) Soil survey of for the State of Kuwait. Volume II. Reconnaissance survey AACM Int., Adelaide, Australia, p 270
    • (1999) Reconnaissance survey AACM Int , vol.2 , pp. 270
  • 9
    • 0141859085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait, p
    • Omar SASS (2007) Vegetation of Kuwait Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait, p 161
    • (2007) Vegetation of Kuwait , pp. 161
    • Omar, S.A.S.S.1
  • 11
    • 63349101320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rehabilitation and management of Kuwait's rangelands for sustainable yield
    • Report No. KISR 6087. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait
    • Omar SA, Misak R, Shahid SA, Malik R, Madouh T, Abo-Rezq H (2001a) Rehabilitation and management of Kuwait's rangelands for sustainable yield. Report No. KISR 6087. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait
    • (2001)
    • Omar, S.A.1    Misak, R.2    Shahid, S.A.3    Malik, R.4    Madouh, T.5    Abo-Rezq, H.6
  • 12
    • 0348190003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Field measurement of Aeolian sand processes and sand control measures
    • Al-Awadi J, Misak R (2000) Field measurement of Aeolian sand processes and sand control measures. Kuwait J Sci Eng 27: 159-176
    • (2000) Kuwait J Sci Eng , vol.27 , pp. 159-176
    • Al-Awadi, J.1    Misak, R.2
  • 13
    • 63349109592 scopus 로고
    • Baseline information on native plants of Kuwait
    • Omar SAS , no. KISR 1790, Kuwait
    • Omar SAS (1982) Baseline information on native plants of Kuwait. Kuwait Institute for scientific research technical report no. KISR 1790, Kuwait
    • (1982) Kuwait Institute for scientific research technical report
  • 14
    • 39549112133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alteration of the Rhanterium epapposum plant community in Kuwait and restoration measures
    • Omar SAS, Bhat NR (2008) Alteration of the Rhanterium epapposum plant community in Kuwait and restoration measures. Int J Environ Studies 65: 139-155
    • (2008) Int J Environ Studies , vol.65 , pp. 139-155
    • Omar, S.A.S.1    Bhat, N.R.2
  • 15
    • 63349092792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Claim of the State of Kuwait. Claim No. 5000454. United Nations Compensation Commission
    • United Nations Compensation Commission UNCC, Report No. S/AC26/2004/17
    • United Nations Compensation Commission (UNCC) (2004) Claim of the State of Kuwait. Claim No. 5000454. United Nations Compensation Commission, Report No. S/AC26/2004/17
    • (2004)
  • 19
    • 0031934617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multitemporal remote sensing data analysis of Kuwait's oil lakes
    • Kwarteng AY (1998) Multitemporal remote sensing data analysis of Kuwait's oil lakes. Environ Int 24: 121-137
    • (1998) Environ Int , vol.24 , pp. 121-137
    • Kwarteng, A.Y.1
  • 20
    • 0031886682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Terrestrial and atmospheric environment during and after the Gulf War
    • Hussain T (1998) Terrestrial and atmospheric environment during and after the Gulf War. Environ Int 24: 189-196
    • (1998) Environ Int , vol.24 , pp. 189-196
    • Hussain, T.1
  • 23
    • 63349085041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omar SAS, Literathy P, Misak R, Grealish G, Briese E, Mukhopadhyaya A, Delima E, Bhat N (2002) Report on the UNCC visit to Kuwait: United Nations Compensation (UNCC) F4 Environmental claims, Third Installment (Terrestrial, Ground Water and Buildings). Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research
    • Omar SAS, Literathy P, Misak R, Grealish G, Briese E, Mukhopadhyaya A, Delima E, Bhat N (2002) Report on the UNCC visit to Kuwait: United Nations Compensation (UNCC) "F4" Environmental claims, Third Installment (Terrestrial, Ground Water and Buildings). Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research
  • 24
    • 0031911295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of the 1991 Gulf War on the coastal environment and ecosystems: Current status and future prospects
    • Price ARG (1998) Impact of the 1991 Gulf War on the coastal environment and ecosystems: Current status and future prospects. Environ Int 24: 91-96
    • (1998) Environ Int , vol.24 , pp. 91-96
    • Price, A.R.G.1
  • 25
    • 63349087728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Al-Awadhi N, El-Nawawy A, Al-Daher R (1992) In situ and on-site remediation of oil contaminated soils in Kuwait. Proceedings of the Third World Academy of Sciences
    • Al-Awadhi N, El-Nawawy A, Al-Daher R (1992) In situ and on-site remediation of oil contaminated soils in Kuwait. Proceedings of the Third World Academy of Sciences
  • 28
    • 39649122034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Military operations as major cause of soil degradation and sand encroachment in arid regions (The case of Kuwait)
    • Misak R, Omar S (2004) Military operations as major cause of soil degradation and sand encroachment in arid regions (The case of Kuwait). J Desert Stud 14: 25-28
    • (2004) J Desert Stud , vol.14 , pp. 25-28
    • Misak, R.1    Omar, S.2
  • 30
    • 6544260563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using Landsat Thematic data to detect and map vegetation changes in Kuwait
    • Kwarteng AY, Al-Ajmi D (1996) Using Landsat Thematic data to detect and map vegetation changes in Kuwait. Int Arch Photogram Remote Sens 31: 398-405
    • (1996) Int Arch Photogram Remote Sens , vol.31 , pp. 398-405
    • Kwarteng, A.Y.1    Al-Ajmi, D.2
  • 33
    • 63349095078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Al-Sudairawi M, Misak R, Al-Nafeesi R (1996) Environmental impact assessment of the Iraqi strategic mine fields in the southern portion of Kuwait. Proceedings of the international conference on the effects of the Iraqi aggression on the State of Kuwait. 3. Environmental Health and Remediation, pp 249-266
    • Al-Sudairawi M, Misak R, Al-Nafeesi R (1996) Environmental impact assessment of the Iraqi strategic mine fields in the southern portion of Kuwait. Proceedings of the international conference on the effects of the Iraqi aggression on the State of Kuwait. vol 3. Environmental Health and Remediation, pp 249-266
  • 34
    • 0032100273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping and change detection study of Kuwait city and environs using multitemporal Landsat Thematic Mapper data
    • Kwarteng AY, Chavez Jr PS (1998) Mapping and change detection study of Kuwait city and environs using multitemporal Landsat Thematic Mapper data. Int J Remote Sens 19:1651-1662.
    • (1998) Int J Remote Sens , vol.19 , pp. 1651-1662
    • Kwarteng, A.Y.1    Chavez Jr, P.S.2
  • 35
    • 0031911296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the changes in the chemical composition of the crude oil spilled in the Kuwait desert after weathering for five years
    • Saeed T, Al-Hashash H, Al-Matrouk K (1998) Assessment of the changes in the chemical composition of the crude oil spilled in the Kuwait desert after weathering for five years. Environ Int 24: 141-152
    • (1998) Environ Int , vol.24 , pp. 141-152
    • Saeed, T.1    Al-Hashash, H.2    Al-Matrouk, K.3
  • 36
    • 0027756938 scopus 로고
    • On the impacts of the 1991 Gulf War on the environment of the region: General observations
    • Gerges M (1993) On the impacts of the 1991 Gulf War on the environment of the region: General observations. Mare Pollut Bull 27: 305-314
    • (1993) Mare Pollut Bull , vol.27 , pp. 305-314
    • Gerges, M.1
  • 37
    • 0742285367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental and health consequences of depleted uranium use in the 1991 Gulf War
    • Bem H, Bou-Rabee F (2004) Environmental and health consequences of depleted uranium use in the 1991 Gulf War. Environ Int 30: 123-134
    • (2004) Environ Int , vol.30 , pp. 123-134
    • Bem, H.1    Bou-Rabee, F.2
  • 38
    • 33748754843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • War-related damage to the marine environment in the ROPME Sea Area
    • Austin JE, Bruch CE eds, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
    • Abdulraheem M (2000) War-related damage to the marine environment in the ROPME Sea Area. In: Austin JE, Bruch CE (eds) The environmental consequences of war: Legal, economic and scientific perspectives. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
    • (2000) The environmental consequences of war: Legal, economic and scientific perspectives
    • Abdulraheem, M.1
  • 39
    • 0004793629 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of Gulf environmental crisis: Impacts on Kuwait's desert renewable natural resources
    • Report No. KISR 4247. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait
    • Zaman S, Alsdirawi F (1993) Assessment of Gulf environmental crisis: impacts on Kuwait's desert renewable natural resources. Report No. KISR 4247. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait
    • (1993)
    • Zaman, S.1    Alsdirawi, F.2
  • 40
    • 0027686724 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary assessment of the Gulf on Kuwaiti desert ecosystem
    • Al-Houty W, Abdal M, Zaman S (1993) Preliminary assessment of the Gulf on Kuwaiti desert ecosystem. J Environ Sci Health 28 (8): 1705-1726
    • (1993) J Environ Sci Health , vol.28 , Issue.8 , pp. 1705-1726
    • Al-Houty, W.1    Abdal, M.2    Zaman, S.3
  • 41
    • 0031886583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socio-economic impact of pollution on ecosystems of the Arabian Gulf
    • Ahmed MH, El-Raey M, Nasr SM, Frihy OE (1998) Socio-economic impact of pollution on ecosystems of the Arabian Gulf. Environ Int 24: 229-237
    • (1998) Environ Int , vol.24 , pp. 229-237
    • Ahmed, M.H.1    El-Raey, M.2    Nasr, S.M.3    Frihy, O.E.4
  • 42
    • 8844271055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources, distribution and composition of the suspended sediments, Kuwait Bay, Northern Arabian Gulf
    • Al-Ghadban NA, El-Sammak A (2005) Sources, distribution and composition of the suspended sediments, Kuwait Bay, Northern Arabian Gulf. J Arid Environ 60: 647-661
    • (2005) J Arid Environ , vol.60 , pp. 647-661
    • Al-Ghadban, N.A.1    El-Sammak, A.2
  • 43
    • 63349099473 scopus 로고
    • Rainfall induced transport of crude oil contaminants from unsaturated zones
    • No. KISR WH007K, Kuwait
    • Viswanathan MN (1995) Rainfall induced transport of crude oil contaminants from unsaturated zones. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research Report No. KISR WH007K, Kuwait
    • (1995) Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research Report
    • Viswanathan, M.N.1
  • 44
    • 63349107819 scopus 로고
    • An integrated approach for overcoming the adverse environmental impact inflicted upon Kuwait during the Iraqi occupation
    • Budapest, Hungary
    • Al-Attar MH (1994) An integrated approach for overcoming the adverse environmental impact inflicted upon Kuwait during the Iraqi occupation. Proceedings of international symposium on environment, Budapest, Hungary
    • (1994) Proceedings of international symposium on environment
    • Al-Attar, M.H.1
  • 45
    • 33748640134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Land and vegetation degradation in war-affected areas in the Sabah Al-Ahmad Nature Reserve of Kuwait
    • Omar SA, Bhat NR, Shahid SA, Asem A (2006) Land and vegetation degradation in war-affected areas in the Sabah Al-Ahmad Nature Reserve of Kuwait. Eur J Sci Res 14: 146-158
    • (2006) Eur J Sci Res , vol.14 , pp. 146-158
    • Omar, S.A.1    Bhat, N.R.2    Shahid, S.A.3    Asem, A.4
  • 46
    • 84936616313 scopus 로고
    • Penetration of cotton seedling taproots as influenced by bulk density, moisture content, and strength of soil
    • Taylor HM, Gardner HR (1963) Penetration of cotton seedling taproots as influenced by bulk density, moisture content, and strength of soil. Soil Sci 96: 153-156
    • (1963) Soil Sci , vol.96 , pp. 153-156
    • Taylor, H.M.1    Gardner, H.R.2
  • 47
    • 0027388429 scopus 로고
    • Aeolian processes and sand encroachment problems in Kuwait
    • Khalaf FI, Al-Ajmi D (1993) Aeolian processes and sand encroachment problems in Kuwait. Geomorphology 6: 111-134
    • (1993) Geomorphology , vol.6 , pp. 111-134
    • Khalaf, F.I.1    Al-Ajmi, D.2
  • 48
    • 0031901844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identifying the effects of the Gulf War on the geomorphic features of Kuwait by remote sensing and GIS
    • Koch M, Al-Baz F (1998) Identifying the effects of the Gulf War on the geomorphic features of Kuwait by remote sensing and GIS. Photogram Eng Remote Sens 64: 739-747
    • (1998) Photogram Eng Remote Sens , vol.64 , pp. 739-747
    • Koch, M.1    Al-Baz, F.2
  • 49
    • 63349102843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Claim of the State of Kuwait. Claim No. 5000450. United Nations Compensation Commission
    • United Nations Compensation Commission UNCC, Report No. S/AC26/2003/31
    • United Nations Compensation Commission (UNCC) (2003) Claim of the State of Kuwait. Claim No. 5000450. United Nations Compensation Commission, Report No. S/AC26/2003/31
    • (2003)
  • 50
    • 6544257696 scopus 로고
    • Damage assessment of the desert and coastal environment in Kuwait by remote sensing
    • Report No. KISR 4405. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait
    • Al-Ajmi D, Misak R, Khalaf FI, Al-Sudairawi M, Al-Dousari AM (1994) Damage assessment of the desert and coastal environment in Kuwait by remote sensing. Report No. KISR 4405. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait
    • (1994)
    • Al-Ajmi, D.1    Misak, R.2    Khalaf, F.I.3    Al-Sudairawi, M.4    Al-Dousari, A.M.5
  • 51
    • 0010695328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of Iraqi war machinery and ground fortifications on the surface sediments and Aeolian processes in Kuwait
    • Environmental and Health Effects and Remediation. The Center of the Gulf and Arabian Peninsula Studies Kuwait
    • Al-Ajmi D, Misak R, Al-Dousari A, Al-Enzi A (1996) Impact of Iraqi war machinery and ground fortifications on the surface sediments and Aeolian processes in Kuwait. Proceedings of the international conference on the effects of the Iraqi aggression on the State of Kuwait, vol 3. Environmental and Health Effects and Remediation. The Center of the Gulf and Arabian Peninsula Studies Kuwait.
    • (1996) Proceedings of the international conference on the effects of the Iraqi aggression on the State of Kuwait , vol.3
    • Al-Ajmi, D.1    Misak, R.2    Al-Dousari, A.3    Al-Enzi, A.4
  • 54
    • 63349096544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental damages caused by Iraqi ground fortifications with emphasis on sand mobilization in Kuwait
    • Technical Paper for the Oral Proceedings on the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research
    • Misak R, Omar S (2003) Environmental damages caused by Iraqi ground fortifications with emphasis on sand mobilization in Kuwait. Technical Paper for the Oral Proceedings on the Third Installment Environmental Damage Claims Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research
    • (2003) Third Installment Environmental Damage Claims
    • Misak, R.1    Omar, S.2
  • 55
    • 0346724603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sand traps for measurement of eolian sand drift rate
    • Omar SAS, Misak R, Al-Ajmi D eds
    • Al-Awadi J, Gemak J (1998) Sand traps for measurement of eolian sand drift rate. In: Omar SAS, Misak R, Al-Ajmi D (eds) Sustainable development of arid zones: Assessment, vol 1, pp 177-188
    • (1998) Sustainable development of arid zones: Assessment , vol.1 , pp. 177-188
    • Al-Awadi, J.1    Gemak, J.2
  • 57
    • 0034781220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Off-road vehicles and vegetation patterning in a degraded desert ecosystem in Kuwait
    • Brown G, Schoknecht N (2001) Off-road vehicles and vegetation patterning in a degraded desert ecosystem in Kuwait. J Arid Environ 49: 413-427
    • (2001) J Arid Environ , vol.49 , pp. 413-427
    • Brown, G.1    Schoknecht, N.2
  • 58
    • 0037287928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species richness, diversity and biomass production of desert annuals in an ungrazed Rhanteriun epapposum community over three growth seasons in Kuwait
    • Brown G (2002a) Species richness, diversity and biomass production of desert annuals in an ungrazed Rhanteriun epapposum community over three growth seasons in Kuwait. Plant Ecol 165: 53-68
    • (2002) Plant Ecol , vol.165 , pp. 53-68
    • Brown, G.1
  • 59
    • 0036212981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community composition and population dynamics in response to artificial rainfall in an undisturbed desert annual community in Kuwait
    • Brown G (2002b) Community composition and population dynamics in response to artificial rainfall in an undisturbed desert annual community in Kuwait. Basic Appl Ecol 3: 145-156
    • (2002) Basic Appl Ecol , vol.3 , pp. 145-156
    • Brown, G.1
  • 60
    • 19344367978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Land and vegetation degradation in war-affected areas in the Sabah Al-Ahmad nature reserve of Kuwait: A case study of Umm. Ar. Rimam
    • Omar SA, Bhat NR, Shahid SA, Asem A (2005) Land and vegetation degradation in war-affected areas in the Sabah Al-Ahmad nature reserve of Kuwait: A case study of Umm. Ar. Rimam. J Arid Environ 62: 475-490
    • (2005) J Arid Environ , vol.62 , pp. 475-490
    • Omar, S.A.1    Bhat, N.R.2    Shahid, S.A.3    Asem, A.4
  • 61
    • 19344366105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity of plant communities in the Jal Az-Zor National Park, Kuwait
    • El-Sheikh MA, Abbadi GA (2004) Biodiversity of plant communities in the Jal Az-Zor National Park, Kuwait. Kuwait J Sci Eng 31: 77-105
    • (2004) Kuwait J Sci Eng , vol.31 , pp. 77-105
    • El-Sheikh, M.A.1    Abbadi, G.A.2
  • 63
    • 35348886750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of oil pollution at Kuwait's greater Al-Burgan oil field on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in the tissues of desert lizards Acanthodactylus scutellatus and their ant prey
    • Al-Hashem MA, Brain PF, Omar SA (2007) Effects of oil pollution at Kuwait's greater Al-Burgan oil field on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in the tissues of desert lizards Acanthodactylus scutellatus and their ant prey. Ecotoxicology 16: 551-555
    • (2007) Ecotoxicology , vol.16 , pp. 551-555
    • Al-Hashem, M.A.1    Brain, P.F.2    Omar, S.A.3
  • 64
    • 53749083565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of oil pollution at Kuwait's Greater Al-Burgan oil field on the timing of morning emergence, baking time and foraging behaviors by the sand lizard Acanthodactylus scutellatus
    • Al-Hashem MA, Brain PF, Omar SA (2008) Effects of oil pollution at Kuwait's Greater Al-Burgan oil field on the timing of morning emergence, baking time and foraging behaviors by the sand lizard Acanthodactylus scutellatus. Pak J Biol Sci 11: 589-594
    • (2008) Pak J Biol Sci , vol.11 , pp. 589-594
    • Al-Hashem, M.A.1    Brain, P.F.2    Omar, S.A.3
  • 65
    • 63349090614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishment of seed bank unit for native plants of Kuwait
    • Report No. KISR 8536. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait
    • Zaman S (2006) Establishment of seed bank unit for native plants of Kuwait. Report No. KISR 8536. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait
    • (2006)
    • Zaman, S.1
  • 66
    • 0141503980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetation regeneration in a seriously degraded Rhanterium epapposum community in Northern Kuwait after four years of protection
    • Brown G, Al-Mazrooei S (2003). Vegetation regeneration in a seriously degraded Rhanterium epapposum community in Northern Kuwait after four years of protection. J Environ Manage 68: 387-395
    • (2003) J Environ Manage , vol.68 , pp. 387-395
    • Brown, G.1    Al-Mazrooei, S.2
  • 67
    • 0003410643 scopus 로고
    • Factors that influence field compaction of soils
    • Department of Transportation, Washington DC, USA
    • Johnson AW, Sallberg J (1960) Factors that influence field compaction of soils. Highway Research Board Bulletin 272, Department of Transportation, Washington DC, USA
    • (1960) Highway Research Board Bulletin , vol.272
    • Johnson, A.W.1    Sallberg, J.2
  • 68
    • 63349085352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Webb RH, Wilshire HG (1980) Recovery of soils and vegetation in a Mojave Desert ghost town, Nevada, U.S.A. J Arid Environ 3: 291-303
    • Webb RH, Wilshire HG (1980) Recovery of soils and vegetation in a Mojave Desert ghost town, Nevada, U.S.A. J Arid Environ 3: 291-303
  • 69
    • 0036288742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recovery of severely compacted soils in the Mojave desert, California, USA
    • Webb RH (2002) Recovery of severely compacted soils in the Mojave desert, California, USA. Arid Land Res Manage 16: 291-305
    • (2002) Arid Land Res Manage , vol.16 , pp. 291-305
    • Webb, R.H.1
  • 74
    • 0025882823 scopus 로고
    • Environmental effects of the Kuwaiti oil fires
    • Hahn J (1991) Environmental effects of the Kuwaiti oil fires. Environ Sci Technol 25: 1531-1532
    • (1991) Environ Sci Technol , vol.25 , pp. 1531-1532
    • Hahn, J.1
  • 75
    • 0028990230 scopus 로고
    • Remediation of the oil contaminated sandy soil in a slurry reactor
    • Puskas K, Al-Awadhi N, Abdulla F (1995) Remediation of the oil contaminated sandy soil in a slurry reactor. Environ Int 21: 413-421
    • (1995) Environ Int , vol.21 , pp. 413-421
    • Puskas, K.1    Al-Awadhi, N.2    Abdulla, F.3
  • 76
    • 13044312719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remote sensing assessment of oil lakes and oil polluted surfaces at the Greater Burgan oil field, Kuwait
    • Kwarteng AY (1999) Remote sensing assessment of oil lakes and oil polluted surfaces at the Greater Burgan oil field, Kuwait. Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinf 1: 36-47
    • (1999) Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinf , vol.1 , pp. 36-47
    • Kwarteng, A.Y.1
  • 77
    • 0031911296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the changes in the chemical components of the crude oil spilled in the Kuwait desert after weathering for five years
    • Saeed T, Al-Bloushi A, Al-Matrouk K (1993) Assessment of the changes in the chemical components of the crude oil spilled in the Kuwait desert after weathering for five years. Environ Int 24: 141-152
    • (1993) Environ Int , vol.24 , pp. 141-152
    • Saeed, T.1    Al-Bloushi, A.2    Al-Matrouk, K.3
  • 78
    • 0027880440 scopus 로고
    • Effect of oil pollution on fresh groundwater in Kuwait
    • Al-Sulaimi J, Viswanathan MN Székely F (1992) Effect of oil pollution on fresh groundwater in Kuwait. Environ Geol 22: 246-256
    • (1992) Environ Geol , vol.22 , pp. 246-256
    • Al-Sulaimi, J.1    Viswanathan, M.N.2    Székely, F.3
  • 81
    • 0027772856 scopus 로고
    • The Gulf: Human impacts and management initiatives
    • Price ARG (1993) The Gulf: Human impacts and management initiatives. Mar Pollut Bull 27: 17-27
    • (1993) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.27 , pp. 17-27
    • Price, A.R.G.1
  • 82
    • 0026616272 scopus 로고
    • Oil and combustion-products contamination of the Gulf marine environment following the war
    • Readman JW, Fowler SW, Villeneuve JP, Cattini C, Oregioni B, Mee LD (1992) Oil and combustion-products contamination of the Gulf marine environment following the war. Nature 358: 662-664
    • (1992) Nature , vol.358 , pp. 662-664
    • Readman, J.W.1    Fowler, S.W.2    Villeneuve, J.P.3    Cattini, C.4    Oregioni, B.5    Mee, L.D.6
  • 83
    • 0032191435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the Gulf War oil spill in relation to trace metals in water, particulate matter, and PAHs from the Kuwaiti coast
    • Bu-Olayan AH, Subramanyam MNV, Al-Sarawi M, Thomas BV (1998) Effects of the Gulf War oil spill in relation to trace metals in water, particulate matter, and PAHs from the Kuwaiti coast. Environ Int 24:789-797
    • (1998) Environ Int , vol.24 , pp. 789-797
    • Bu-Olayan, A.H.1    Subramanyam, M.N.V.2    Al-Sarawi, M.3    Thomas, B.V.4
  • 84
    • 63349095245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ROPME/NOAA/IOC. 1992. 100-day oceanographic cruise, Feb. 1992 - June 1992. Kuwait: Regional Organization for the Protection of the Marine Environment, p 14
    • ROPME/NOAA/IOC. 1992. 100-day oceanographic cruise, Feb. 1992 - June 1992. Kuwait: Regional Organization for the Protection of the Marine Environment, p 14
  • 86
    • 84910806971 scopus 로고
    • Saudi Arabia: An assessment of biotypes and management requirements for the Arabian Gulf Coast
    • International Union for Conservation of Nature and natural Resources IUCN, No. 5,York, Y01 5DD, UK: IUCN
    • International Union for Conservation of Nature and natural Resources (IUCN) (1987) Saudi Arabia: An assessment of biotypes and management requirements for the Arabian Gulf Coast. MEPA Coastal and Marine Management Series Report No. 5,York, Y01 5DD, UK: IUCN
    • (1987) MEPA Coastal and Marine Management Series Report
  • 89
    • 0027138020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Gulf War: Coastal and marine environmental consequences
    • Price ARG, Robinson JH, 1993, eds
    • Price ARG, Robinson JH. (1993) (eds) The Gulf War: Coastal and marine environmental consequences. Mar Pollut Bull 27: 1-380
    • Mar Pollut Bull , vol.27 , pp. 1-380
  • 90
    • 63349092956 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics and assessment of critical and other marine habitats in the ROPME Sea Area and Res Sea. Proceedings ROPME workshops on the coastal area development
    • 90: 57-71. Nairobi, Kenya, UNEP
    • Price ARG (1988) Characteristics and assessment of critical and other marine habitats in the ROPME Sea Area and Res Sea. Proceedings ROPME workshops on the coastal area development. UNEP Regional Seas Report and Studies No. 90: 57-71. Nairobi, Kenya, UNEP
    • (1988) UNEP Regional Seas Report and Studies No
    • Price, A.R.G.1
  • 91
    • 0027745932 scopus 로고
    • Considerations for the assessment of the environmental consequences of the 1991 Gulf War
    • Literathy P (1993) Considerations for the assessment of the environmental consequences of the 1991 Gulf War. Mar Pollut Bull 27: 349-365
    • (1993) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.27 , pp. 349-365
    • Literathy, P.1
  • 92
    • 0027771133 scopus 로고
    • Multidisciplinary modeling: An overview and practical implications for the governance of the Gulf region
    • McGlade JM, Price ARG (1993) Multidisciplinary modeling: An overview and practical implications for the governance of the Gulf region. Mar Pollut Bull 27: 361-375
    • (1993) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.27 , pp. 361-375
    • McGlade, J.M.1    Price, A.R.G.2
  • 93
    • 63349099324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jones DA, Watt I, Plaza J, Woodhouse TD, Al-Sanei M (1996) Natural recovery of the intertidal biota within the Jubail Marine Wildlife Sanctuary after the 1991 Gulf War oil spill. In: Krupp F, Abuznada FH, Nader IA (eds). A marine wildlife sanctuary for the Arabian Gulf: environmental research and conservation following the 1991 Gulf War oil spill. Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft and National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development, Frankfurt, Germany and Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, pp 138-158
    • Jones DA, Watt I, Plaza J, Woodhouse TD, Al-Sanei M (1996) Natural recovery of the intertidal biota within the Jubail Marine Wildlife Sanctuary after the 1991 Gulf War oil spill. In: Krupp F, Abuznada FH, Nader IA (eds). A marine wildlife sanctuary for the Arabian Gulf: environmental research and conservation following the 1991 Gulf War oil spill. Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft and National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development, Frankfurt, Germany and Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, pp 138-158
  • 94
    • 63349084787 scopus 로고
    • A survey of the coral island of Kubbar, Qaru, and Umm. Al-Maradem, Kuwait
    • York Y01, 5DD, UK. International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, pp
    • Downing N (1991) A survey of the coral island of Kubbar, Qaru, and Umm. Al-Maradem, Kuwait. Report to the IUCN, York Y01, 5DD, UK. International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, pp 1-22
    • (1991) Report to the IUCN , pp. 1-22
    • Downing, N.1
  • 95
    • 0029667257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discrete bands of petroleum hydrocarbons and molecular organic markers identified within massive coral skeletons
    • Readman JW, Bartocci J, Tolosa I, Fowler SW, Oregioni B, Abdulraheem MY (1996) Discrete bands of petroleum hydrocarbons and molecular organic markers identified within massive coral skeletons. Mar Pollut Bull 32: 437-443
    • (1996) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.32 , pp. 437-443
    • Readman, J.W.1    Bartocci, J.2    Tolosa, I.3    Fowler, S.W.4    Oregioni, B.5    Abdulraheem, M.Y.6
  • 96
    • 0030684476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of SIR-C/X-SAR to monitor environmental damages of the 1991 Gulf War in Kuwait
    • Dobson MC, Kwarteng AY, Ulaby FT (1997) Use of SIR-C/X-SAR to monitor environmental damages of the 1991 Gulf War in Kuwait. Geosci Remote Sens 1: 119-121
    • (1997) Geosci Remote Sens , vol.1 , pp. 119-121
    • Dobson, M.C.1    Kwarteng, A.Y.2    Ulaby, F.T.3
  • 97
    • 63349085504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring of Petroleum-related environmental contamination using fluorescence fingerprinting
    • & 2 ΙWA Publishing doi: 10.2166/WPT.2006029
    • Literathy P, Quinn M (2006) Monitoring of Petroleum-related environmental contamination using fluorescence fingerprinting. Water Pract Technol Vol 1 & 2 ΙWA Publishing 2006 doi: 10.2166/WPT.2006029.
    • (2006) Water Pract Technol , vol.1
    • Literathy, P.1    Quinn, M.2
  • 98
    • 0037765035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pollution potential of oil-contaminated soil on ground water resources in Kuwait
    • Literathy P, Quinn M, Al-Rashed M (2003) Pollution potential of oil-contaminated soil on ground water resources in Kuwait. Water Sci Technol 47: 259-265
    • (2003) Water Sci Technol , vol.47 , pp. 259-265
    • Literathy, P.1    Quinn, M.2    Al-Rashed, M.3
  • 99
    • 38149109012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of hydrocarbon contamination from the Burgan oil field, Kuwait - Interpretations from thermal remote sensing data
    • Saif UD, Al-Dousari A, Literathy P (2008) Evidence of hydrocarbon contamination from the Burgan oil field, Kuwait - Interpretations from thermal remote sensing data. J Environ Manage 86: 605-615
    • (2008) J Environ Manage , vol.86 , pp. 605-615
    • Saif, U.D.1    Al-Dousari, A.2    Literathy, P.3
  • 100
    • 63349102991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • McGlade JM, Pauly D, Silvestre G (1996) Interdisciplinary scientific methodologies for the sustainable use and management of coastal resources systems. Final Report to CEC (Contract CTI*CT93-0349) Brussels CEC
    • McGlade JM, Pauly D, Silvestre G (1996) Interdisciplinary scientific methodologies for the sustainable use and management of coastal resources systems. Final Report to CEC (Contract CTI*CT93-0349) Brussels CEC
  • 101
    • 63349107447 scopus 로고
    • Kuwait Oil Company , Kuwait Oil Company Claim, Consultant's Report
    • Kuwait Oil Company (1993) Physical damage to the desert surface. Kuwait Oil Company Claim No. 3. Consultant's Report
    • (1993) Physical damage to the desert surface , Issue.3
  • 102
    • 63349103276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental damages from minefields
    • Misak R, Omar S (2007) Environmental damages from minefields. J Mine Action 11(2): 1-5
    • (2007) J Mine Action , vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp. 1-5
    • Misak, R.1    Omar, S.2
  • 104
    • 0031909045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioremediation of oil-contaminated desert soil: The Kuwaiti Experience
    • Balba MT, Al-Daher R, Al-Awadhi N, Chino H, Tsuji H (1998) Bioremediation of oil-contaminated desert soil: The Kuwaiti Experience. Environ Int 24: 163-173
    • (1998) Environ Int , vol.24 , pp. 163-173
    • Balba, M.T.1    Al-Daher, R.2    Al-Awadhi, N.3    Chino, H.4    Tsuji, H.5
  • 105
    • 63349111523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Al-Awadhi N, Puskas K, Al-Daher R, El-Naway A, Literathy P (1996) To what extent can nature remediate the oil contamination in Kuwait soils? Proceedings of the international conference on the effects of the Iraqi aggression on the State of Kuwait, 3. Environmental and Health Effects and Remediation, pp 331-355
    • Al-Awadhi N, Puskas K, Al-Daher R, El-Naway A, Literathy P (1996) To what extent can nature remediate the oil contamination in Kuwait soils? Proceedings of the international conference on the effects of the Iraqi aggression on the State of Kuwait, vol 3. Environmental and Health Effects and Remediation, pp 331-355
  • 106
    • 0033968515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Restoration and rehabilitation of arid and semiarid Mediterranean ecosystems in North Africa and West Africa: A review
    • Le Houerou HN (2000) Restoration and rehabilitation of arid and semiarid Mediterranean ecosystems in North Africa and West Africa: A review. Arid Soil Res Rehabilit 14: 3-14
    • (2000) Arid Soil Res Rehabilit , vol.14 , pp. 3-14
    • Le Houerou, H.N.1
  • 108
    • 63349085898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schuster JL (1998) Restoring structure and function of degraded rangeland ecosystems. In: Omar SAS, Misak R, Al-Ajmi D, Al-Awadhi N (eds) Sustainable development in arid zones, 2. Management and improvement of desert ecosystems. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp 373-382
    • Schuster JL (1998) Restoring structure and function of degraded rangeland ecosystems. In: Omar SAS, Misak R, Al-Ajmi D, Al-Awadhi N (eds) Sustainable development in arid zones, vol 2. Management and improvement of desert ecosystems. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp 373-382
  • 110
    • 0037400525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors maintaining plant diversity in degraded areas of northern Kuwait
    • Brown G (2003) Factors maintaining plant diversity in degraded areas of northern Kuwait. J Arid Environ 54:183-194
    • (2003) J Arid Environ , vol.54 , pp. 183-194
    • Brown, G.1
  • 112
    • 0031150345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spring and summer daily subsurface temperatures in three microhabitats in a flat natural loess area in the Negev desert, Israel
    • Gutterman Y (1997) Spring and summer daily subsurface temperatures in three microhabitats in a flat natural loess area in the Negev desert, Israel. J Arid Environ 36: 225-235
    • (1997) J Arid Environ , vol.36 , pp. 225-235
    • Gutterman, Y.1
  • 113
    • 0031439344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of rainfall and grazing on vegetation yield and cover of two arid rangelands of Kuwait
    • Zaman S (1997) Effects of rainfall and grazing on vegetation yield and cover of two arid rangelands of Kuwait. Environ Conserv 24:344-350
    • (1997) Environ Conserv , vol.24 , pp. 344-350
    • Zaman, S.1
  • 115
    • 5344279147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between vegetation pattern and soil properties in the south-eastern Tennger Desert, China
    • Li XR, Zhang ZS, Zhang JG, Wang XP, Jia XH (2004) Association between vegetation pattern and soil properties in the south-eastern Tennger Desert, China. Aridland Res Manage 18:369-383
    • (2004) Aridland Res Manage , vol.18 , pp. 369-383
    • Li, X.R.1    Zhang, Z.S.2    Zhang, J.G.3    Wang, X.P.4    Jia, X.H.5
  • 116
    • 0022439342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Le Houerou HN (1986) The deserts and arid zones of Northern Africa. In: Evanari M, Noy-Meir I, Goodall DW (eds) Ecosystems of the world 12B. Hot Deserts and Arid Shrublands. B. Elsevier, The Netherlands, Amsterdam, pp 101-147
    • Le Houerou HN (1986) The deserts and arid zones of Northern Africa. In: Evanari M, Noy-Meir I, Goodall DW (eds) Ecosystems of the world 12B. Hot Deserts and Arid Shrublands. B. Elsevier, The Netherlands, Amsterdam, pp 101-147
  • 117
    • 0026097021 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of range plants following 10 years of protection in arid rangeland in Kuwait
    • Omar SAS (1991) Dynamics of range plants following 10 years of protection in arid rangeland in Kuwait. J Arid Environ 21:99-111
    • (1991) J Arid Environ , vol.21 , pp. 99-111
    • Omar, S.A.S.1
  • 118
    • 63349104725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment and suitability of bioremediated soils for greenery landscape planting: The Ahmadi bioremediated soil park
    • Final Report No. KISR 6598, Kuwait
    • Al-Zelzelah H, Grina R, Bhat NR, Shahid SA, Suleiman MK (2001) Assessment and suitability of bioremediated soils for greenery landscape planting: The Ahmadi bioremediated soil park. Final Report No. KISR 6598, Kuwait
    • (2001)
    • Al-Zelzelah, H.1    Grina, R.2    Bhat, N.R.3    Shahid, S.A.4    Suleiman, M.K.5
  • 119
    • 63349107625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public Authority for Assessment of Compensation for Damages Arising from Iraqi Aggression , May
    • Public Authority for Assessment of Compensation for Damages Arising from Iraqi Aggression (1997) Environmental damage claims prioritization report. May 1997
    • (1997) Environmental damage claims prioritization report


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.