Candida colonisation as a source for candidaemia

Journal of Hospital Infection

Volumn 72, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 9-16

  Miranda, L N ^a,b   van der Heijden, I M ^a   Costa, S F ^a   Sousa, A P I ^a   Sienra, R A ^a   Gobara, S ^a   Santos, C R ^a   Lobo, R D ^a   Pessoa Jr , V P ^c   Levin, A S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

^b Hospital Geral de Itapecerica da Serra SECONCI   (Brazil)

^c INSTITUTO DE INFECTOLOGIA EMÍLIO RIBAS   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Candida; Candidaemia; Colonisation; Healthcare epidemiology; Molecular typing

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BLOOD CULTURE; CANDIDA; CANDIDA ALBICANS; CANDIDA GLABRATA; CANDIDA GUILLIERMONDII; CANDIDA HOLMII; CANDIDA KRUSEI; CANDIDA METAPSILOSIS; CANDIDA PARAPSILOSIS; CANDIDA TROPICALIS; CANDIDEMIA; CHILD; FEMALE; FUNGAL COLONIZATION; FUNGUS CULTURE; FUNGUS ISOLATION; GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; HUMAN; INFANT; INTESTINE FLORA; INTRAVASCULAR CATHETER; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MOLECULAR TYPING; NEWBORN; NONHUMAN; RECTUM; SKIN CULTURE; THROAT CULTURE; URINE CULTURE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CANDIDA; CANDIDIASIS; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DNA FINGERPRINTING; DNA, FUNGAL; FEMALE; FUNGEMIA; GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MYCOLOGICAL TYPING TECHNIQUES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 63249087075     PISSN: 01956701     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2009.02.009     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Jarvis W.R. Epidemiology of nosocomial fungal infections, with emphasis on Candida species. Clin Infect Dis 20 (1995) 1526-1530
2. Costa S.F., Marinho I., Araújo E.A.P., Manrique A.E.I., Medeiros E.A.S., and Levin A.S. Nososcomial fungaemia: a 2-year prospective study. J Hosp Infect 45 (2000) 69-72
3. Colombo A.L., Nucci M., Salomão R., et al. High rate of non-albicans candidemia in Brazilian tertiary care hospitals. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 34 (1999) 281-286
4. Edmond M.B., Wallace S.E., McClish D.K., Pfaller M.A., Jones R.N., and Wenzel R.P. Nosocomial bloodstream infections in United States hospitals: a three-year analysis. Clin Infect Dis 29 (1999) 239-244
5. Santucci S.G., Gobara S., Santos C.R., Fontana C., and Levin A.S. Infections in a burn intensive care unit: experience of seven years. J Hosp Infect 53 (2003) 6-13
6. Saiman L., Ludington E., Pfaller M., et al. The National Epidemiology of Mycosis Survey study group. Risk factors for candidemia in neonatal intensive care unit patients. Pediatr Infect Dis J 19 (2000) 319-324
7. Pittet D., Monod M., Suter P.M., Frenk E., and Auckenthaler R. Candida colonization and subsequent infections in critically ill surgical patients. Ann Surg 220 (1994) 751-758
8. Binelli C.A., Moretti M.L., Assis R.S., et al. Investigation of the possible association between nosocomial candiduria and candidaemia. Clin Microbiol Infect 12 (2006) 538-543
9. Nucci M., and Anaissie E. Revisiting the source of candidemia: skin or gut?. Clin Infect Dis 33 (2001) 1959-1967
10. Magill S.S., Swoboda S.M., Johnson E.A., et al. The association between anatomic site of Candida colonization, invasive candidiasis, and mortality in critically ill surgical patients. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 56 (2006) 459-460
11. Lupetti A., Tavanti A., Davini P., et al. Horizontal transmission of Candida parapsilosis candidemia in a neonatal intensive care unit. J Clin Microbiol 40 (2002) 2363-2369
12. Aragão P.A., Oshiro I.C., Manrique E.I., et al. Pichia anomala outbreak in a nursery exogenous source?. Pediatr Infect Dis J 20 (2001) 843-848
13. Voss A., Hollis R.J., Pfaller M.A., Wenzel R.P., and Doebbeling B.N. Investigation of the sequence of colonization and candidemia in nonneutropenic patients. J Clin Microbiol 87 (1994) 614-620
14. Garner J.S., Jarvis W.R., Emori T.G., Horan T.C., and Hughes J.M. CDC definitions for nosocomial infections. Am J Infect Control 16 (1988) 128-140
15. Odds F.C., and Bernaerts R. CHROMagar Candida, a new differential medium for presumptive identification of clinically important Candida species. J Clin Microbiol 32 (1994) 1923-1929
16. Gutierrez J., Lozano C., Coronilla J., and Nogales C. Evaluation of the ABT 32 C, Automicrobic system and API 20 C using clinical yeast isolates. Ann Biol Clin 50 (1994) 443-446
17. White T.J., Bruns T.D., Lee S.B., and Taylor J.W. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis M.A., Gelfand D.H., Sninsky J.J., and White T.J. (Eds). PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications (1990), Academic Press, San Diego 315-322
18. Yong P.V.C., Chong P.P., Lau L.Y., Yeoh R.S.C., and Jamal F. Molecular identification of Candida orthopsilosis isolated from blood culture. Mycopathologia 165 (2008) 81-87
19. Shin J.H., Shin D.H., Song J.W., Kee S.J., Suh S.P., and Ryang D.W. Electrophoretic karyotype analysis of sequential Candida parapsilosis isolates from patients with persistent or recurrent fungemia. J Clin Microbiol 39 (2001) 1258-1263
20. Shin J.H., Og Y.G., Cho D., et al. Molecular epidemiological analysis of bloodstream isolates of Candida albicans from a university hospital over a five-year period. J Clin Microbiol 43 (2005) 546-554
21. Chen K.W., Lo H.J., Lin Y.H., and Li S.Y. Comparison of four molecular typing methods to assess genetic relatedness of Candida albicans clinical isolates in Taiwan. J Med Microbiol 54 (2005) 249-258
22. Voss A., Pfaller M.A., Hollis R.J., Melchers W.J., and Meis J.F. Evaluation of the discriminatory power of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and PCR fingerprinting for epidemiologic typing of Candida species. Clin Microbiol Infect 4 (1998) 82-87
23. Pfaller M.A., Rangel-Frausto M.S., Rinaldi M.G., Saiman L., Wiblin R.T., Wenzel R.P., and NEMIS Study Group. Risk factors for candidal bloodstream infections in surgical intensive care unit patients: the NEMIS prospective multicenter study. Clin Infect Dis 33 (2001) 177-186
24. Lin M.Y., Carmeli Y., Zumsteg J., et al. Prior antimicrobial therapy and risk for hospital acquired Candida glabrata and Candida krusei fungemia: a case-case-control study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49 (2005) 4555-4560
25. Charlier C., Hart E., Lefort A., et al. Fluconazole for the management of invasive candidiasis: where do we stand after 15 years?. J Antimicrob Chemother 57 (2006) 384-410
26. Welbel S.F., Mcneil M.M., Kuykendall R.J., et al. Candida parapsilosis bloodstream infections in neonatal intensive care unit patients: epidemiologic and laboratory confirmation of a common source outbreak. Pediatr Infect Dis J 15 (1996) 998-1002
27. Clark T.A., Slavinski S.A., Morgan J., et al. Epidemiologic and molecular characterization of an outbreak of Candida parapsilosis bloodstream infections in a community hospital. J Clin Microbiol 42 (2004) 4468-4472
28. Van Asbeck E.C., Huang Y.C., Markham A.N., Clemons K.V., and Stevens D.A. Candida parapsilosis fungemia in neonates: genotyping results suggest healthcare workers' hands as source, and review of published studies. Mycopathologia 164 (2007) 287-293
29. Diekema D.J., Messer S.A., Hollis R.J., Wenzel R.P., and Pfaller M.A. An outbreak of Candida parapsilosis prosthetic valve endocarditis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 29 (1997) 147-153
30. Weems J.J., Chamberland M.E., Ward J., Willy M., Padhye A.A., and Solomon S.L. Candida parapsilosis fungemia associated with parenteral nutrition and contaminated blood pressure transducers. J Clin Microbiol 25 (1987) 1029-1032
31. El-Mohandes A.E., Johnson-Robbins L., Keiser J.F., Simmens S.J., and Aure M.V. Incidence of Candida parapsilosis colonization in an intensive care nursery population and its association with invasive fungal disease. Pediatr Infect Dis J 13 (1994) 520-524
32. Saiman L., Ludington E., Dawson J.D., et al. Risk factors for candidemia in neonatal intensive care unit patients. Pediatr Infect Dis J 20 (2001) 1119-1124
33. Levin A.S., Costa S.F., Mussi N.S., et al. Candida parapsilosis fungemia associated with implantable and semi-implantable central venous catheters and the hands of healthcare workers. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 30 (1998) 243-249
34. Mellado E., Cuenca-Estrella M., Regadera J., González M., Diaz-Guerra T.M., and Rodríguez-Tudela J.L. Sustained gastrointestinal colonization and systemic dissemination by Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida parapsilosis in adult mice. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 38 (2000) 21-28
35. Reagan D.R., Pfaller M.A., Hollis R.J., and Wenzel R.P. Characterization of the sequence of colonization and nosocomial candidemia using DNA fingerprinting and a DNA probe. J Clin Microbiol 28 (1990) 2733-2738
36. Klempp-Selb B., Rimek D., and Kappe R. Karyotyping of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata from patients with Candida species. Mycoses 43 (2000) 159-163
37. Colombo A.L., Branchini M.L., Geiger D., Schimidt A.L., Pignatari A.C., and Fischman O. Gastrointestinal translocation as a possible source of candidemia in an AIDS patient. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 38 (1996) 197-200
38. Singh A., Goering R.V., Simjee S., Foley S.L., and Zervos M.J. Application of molecular techniques to the study of hospital infection. Clin Microbiol Rev 19 (2006) 512-530
39. Espinel-Ingroff A., Vazquez J.A., Boikov D., and Pfaller M.A. Evaluation of DNA-based typing procedures for strain categorization of Candida spp. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 33 (1999) 231-239
40. Kanellopoulou M., Stamos G., Petinnelli I., et al. Subtyping and antifungal susceptibilities of Candida spp. in the intensive care unit of a Greek general hospital. Int J Antimicrob Agents 18 (2001) 179-183
41. Riederer K., Fozo P., and Khatib R. Typing of Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis: species-related limitations of electrophoretic karyotyping and restriction endonuclease analysis of genomic DNA. Mycoses 41 (1998) 397-402
42. Valério H.M., Weikert-Oliveira R.C., and Resende M.A. Differentiation of Candida species obtained from nosocomial candidemia using RAPD-PCR technique. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 39 (2006) 174-178
43. Odds F.C., and Jacobsen M.D. Multilocus sequence typing of pathogenic Candida species. Eukaryot Cell 7 (2008) 1075-1084
44. Tavanti A., Davidson A.A., Gow N.A.R., Maiden M.C.J., and Odds F.C. Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis spp. nov. to replace Candida parapsilosis groups II and III. J Clin Microbiol 43 (2005) 284-292
45. Lockhart S.R., Messer S.A., Pfaller M.A., and Diekema D.J. Geographic distribution and antifungal susceptibility of the newly described species Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis in comparison to the closely related species Candida parapsilosis. J Clin Microbiol 46 (2008) 2659-2664
46. Gomez-Lopez A., Alastruey-Izquierdo A., Rodriguez D., et al. The Barcelona Candidemia Project Study Group Prevalence and susceptibility profile of Candida metapsilosis and Candida orthopsilosis: results from population-based surveillance of candidemia in Spain. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 52 (2008) 1506-1509
47. Chou H.H., Chiou C.S., Chen K.W., and Li S.Y. Suitable restriction enzymes for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of Candida tropicalis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 57 (2007) 451-454
48. Girão E., Levin A.S., Basso M., et al. Seven-year trend analysis of nosocomial candidemia and antifungal (fluconazole and caspofungin) use in Intensive Care Units at a Brazilian University Hospital. Med Mycol 46 (2008) 581-588
49. Colombo A.L., Nucci M., Park B.J., et al. Brazilian Network Candidemia Study Epidemiology of candidemia in Brazil: a nationwide sentinel surveillance of candidemia in eleven medical centers. J Clin Microbiol 44 (2006) 2816-2823
50. Pfaller M.A., Diekema D.J., Gibbs D.L., et al. Global Antifungal Surveillance Study. Results from the ARTEMIS DISK Global Antifungal Surveillance study, 1997 to 2005: an 8.5-year analysis of susceptibilities of Candida species and other yeast species to fluconazole and voriconazole determined by CLSI standardized disk diffusion testing. J Clin Microbiol 45 (2007) 735-745
51. Pfaller M.A., Houston A., and Coffman N.S. Application of CHROMagar Candida for rapid screening of clinical specimens for Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, and Candida (Torulopsis) glabrata. J Clin Microbiol 34 (1996) 58-61
52. Clerihew L., Lamagni T.L., Brocklehurst P., and McGuire W. Candida parapsilosis infection in very low birthweight infants. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 92 (2007) 127-129
53. Karlowicz M.G., Hashimoto L.N., Kelly R.E., and Buescher E.S. Should central venous catheters be removed as soon as candidemia is detected in neonates?. Pediatrics 106 (2000) E63
54. Benjamin D.K., Stoll B.J., Fanaroff A.A., et al. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. Neonatal candidiasis among extremely low birth weight infants: risk factors, mortality rates, and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 and 22 months. Pediatrics 117 (2006) 84-92