Addition of midazolam to continuous postoperative epidural bupivacaine infusion reduces requirement for rescue analgesia in children undergoing upper abdominal and flank surgery

Journal of Clinical Anesthesia

Volumn 21, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 113-119

  Ghai, Babita ^a   Makkar, Jeetinder Kaur ^a   Chari, Pramila ^a   Rao, Katragadda Lakshmi Narasimha ^a  

^a POSTGRADUATE INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH   (India)

Author keywords

Abdominal surgery; Bupivacaine; Children; Epidural infusion; Midazolam; Patients; Postoperative analgesia; Procedure

Indexed keywords

BUPIVACAINE; FENTANYL; MIDAZOLAM; TRAMADOL;

ABDOMINAL SURGERY; ANALGESIA; ARTICLE; CHILD; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG INFUSION; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; GROUPS BY AGE; HEALTH CENTER; HUMAN; MALE; MOTOR ACTIVITY; NEPHRECTOMY; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; PAIN; PANCREATICODUODENECTOMY; PATIENT CODING; POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; PYELOPLASTY; RANDOMIZATION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SCHOOL CHILD; SCORING SYSTEM; SEDATION; SURGICAL PATIENT; TERTIARY HEALTH CARE;

ABDOMEN; ANALGESIA, EPIDURAL; ANESTHETICS, INTRAVENOUS; ANESTHETICS, LOCAL; BUPIVACAINE; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES; MALE; MIDAZOLAM; PAIN MEASUREMENT; PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; THORACIC SURGICAL PROCEDURES;

EID: 62849097967     PISSN: 09528180     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2008.06.029     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Wolf A.R., and Hughes D. Pain relief for infants undergoing abdominal surgery: comparison of injection of IV morphine and extradural bupivacaine. Br J Anaesth 70 (1993) 10-16
2. Chaney M.A. Side effects of intrathecal and epidural opioids. Can J Anaesth 42 (1995) 891-903
3. Klimscha W., Chiari A., Michalek-Sauberer A., et al. The efficacy and safety of a clonidine/bupivacaine combination in caudal blockade for hernia repair. Anesth Analg 86 (1998) 54-61
4. Semple D., Findlow D., Aldridge L.M., and Doyle E. The optimal dose of ketamine in caudal epidural blockade in children. Anaesthesia 51 (1996) 1170-1172
5. Hwang J.H., and Yaksh T.L. The effect of spinal GABA receptor agonists on tactile allodynia in a surgically-induced neuropathic pain model in the rat. Pain 70 (1997) 15-22
6. Nishiyama T., Matsukawa T., and Hanaoka K. Effects of adding midazolam on the postoperative epidural analgesia with two different doses of bupivacaine. J Clin Anesth 14 (2002) 92-97
7. Nishiyama T., Matsukawa T., and Hanaoka K. Continuous epidural administration of midazolam and bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 43 (1999) 568-572
8. Nishiyama T., Yokoyama T., and Hanaoka K. Midazolam improves postoperative epidural analgesia with continuous infusion of local anesthetics. Can J Anaesth 45 (1998) 551-555
9. Gulec S., Buyukkidan B., Oral N., Ozcan N., and Tanriverdi B. Comparison of caudal bupivacaine, bupivacaine-morphine and bupivacaine-midazolam mixtures for post-operative analgesia in children. Eur J Anaesthesiol 15 (1998) 161-165
10. Kumar P., Rudra A., Pan A.K., and Acharya A. Caudal additives in pediatrics: a comparison among midazolam, ketamine, and neostigmine co- administered with bupivacaine. Anesth Analg 101 (2005) 69-73
11. Naguib M., Gammal M.E., and Elhattab Y.S. Midazolam for caudal analgesia in children with caudal bupivacaine. Can J Anaesth 42 (1995) 758-764
12. Hannallah R.S., Broadman L.M., Belman A.B., Abramowitz M.D., and Epstein B.S. Comparison of caudal and ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve blocks for control of post-orchidopexy pain in pediatric ambulatory surgery. Anesthesiology 66 (1987) 832-834
13. Bala I., Gupta B., Bhardwaj N., Ghai B., and Khosla V.K. Effects of scalp block on postoperative pain in craniotomy patients. Anaesth Intensive Care 34 (2006) 224-227
14. Lerman J., Nolan J., Eyres R., et al. Efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of levobupivacaine with and without fentanyl after continuous epidural infusion in children: a multicenter trial. Anesthesiology 99 (2003) 1166-1174
15. Dawson S.B. Estimating and comparing proportions. In: Dawson S.B. (Ed). Basic and clinical biostatics (1990), Appleton and Lange, Norwalk CT 142-160
16. Nishiyama T., Hirasaki A., Odaka Y., Konishi H., Seto K., and Goto I. Epidural midazolam with saline: optimal dose for postoperative pain. Masui 41 (1992) 49-54
17. Nishiyama T., Odaka Y., Hirasaki A., Mikane T., Kobayashi O., and Seto K. Epidural midazolam with bupivacaine: optimal dose for post-operative pain relief. Masui 41 (1992) 1113-1118
18. Malinovsky J.M., Cozian A., Lepage J.Y., Mussini J.M., Pinaud M., and Souron R. Ketamine and midazolam neurotoxicity in the rabbit. Anesthesiology 75 (1991) 91-97
19. Svennson B.A., Welin M., Gordh Jr. T., and Westman J. Chronic subarachnoid midazolam (Dormicum) in the rat. Morphologic evidence of spinal cord neurotoxicity. Reg Anesth 20 (1995) 426-434
20. Erdine S., Yucel A., Ozyalcin S., et al. Neurotoxicity of midazolam in the rabbit. Pain 80 (1999) 419-423
21. Bozkurt P., Tunali Y., Kaya G., and Okar I. Histological changes following epidural injection of midazolam in the neonatal rabbit. Pediatr Anesth 75 (1997) 385-389
22. Ugur B., Basaloglu K., Yurtseven T., et al. Neurotoxicity with single dose intrathecal midazolam administration. Eur J Anaesthesiol 22 (2005) 907-912
23. Demirel E., Ugur H.C., Dolgun H., et al. The neurotoxic effects of intrathecal midazolam and neostigmine in rabbits. Anaesth Intensive Care 34 (2006) 218-223
24. Auroy P., Schoeffler P., Maillot C., Haberer J.P., and Woda A. Intrathecal tolerability of midazolam: histological study. J Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 7 (1988) 81-82
25. Serrao J.M., Stubbs S.C., Goodchild C.S., and Gent J.P. Intrathecal midazolam and fentanyl in the rat: evidence for different spinal antinociceptive effects. Anesthesiology 70 (1989) 780-786
26. Schoeffler P., Auroy P., Bazin J.E., Taxi J., and Woda A. Subarachnoid midazolam: histological study in rats and report of its effect on chronic pain in humans. Reg Anesth 16 (1991) 329-332
27. Schwieger I.M., Jorge-Costa M., Pizzolato G.P., Forster A., and Morel D.R. Intrathecal midazolam reduces isoflurane MAC and increases the apnoeic threshold in rats. Can J Anaesth 41 (1994) 144-148
28. Bahar M., Cohen M.L., Grinshpoon Y., et al. An investigation of the possible neurotoxic effects of intrathecal midazolam combined with fentanyl in the rat. Eur J Anaesthesiol 15 (1998) 695-701
29. Nishiyama T., Matsukawa T., and Hanaoka K. Acute phase histopathological study of spinally administered midazolam in cats. Anesth Analg 89 (1999) 717-720
30. Johansen M.J., Gradert T.L., Satterfield W.C., et al. Safety of continuous intrathecal midazolam infusion in the sheep model. Anesth Analg 98 (2004) 1528-1535
31. Baris S., Karakaya D., Kelsaka E., Guldogus F., Ariturk E., and Tur A. Comparison of fentanyl-bupivacaine or midazolam-bupivacaine mixtures with plain bupivacaine for caudal anaesthesia in children. Paediatr Anaesth 13 (2003) 126-131
32. Batra Y.K., Jain K., Chairi P., Dhillon M.S., Shaheen B., and Reddy G.M. Addition of intrathecal midazolam to bupivacaine produces better post-operative analgesia without prolonging recovery. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 37 (1999) 519-523
33. Tucker A.P., Lai C., Nadeson R., and Goodchild C.S. Intrathecal midazolam 1: A cohort study investigating safety. Anesth Analg 98 (2004) 1512-1520
34. Nishiyama T., Tamai H., and Hanaoka K. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of midazolam after epidural administration in dogs. Anesth Analg 96 (2003) 159-162
35. Crevat-Pisano P., Dragna S., Granthil C., Coassolo P., Cano J.P., and Francois G. Plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetics of midazolam during anaesthesia. J Pharm Pharmacol 38 (1986) 578-582