Echinococcosis: diagnosis and diagnostic interpretation in population studies

Trends in Parasitology

Volumn 25, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 164-170

  Torgerson, Paul R ^a,b   Deplazes, Peter ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^b ROSS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE   (Saint Kitts and Nevis)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARECOLINE;

AUTOPSY; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; ECHINOCOCCOSIS; ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; HOST; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; POPULATION RESEARCH; PREDICTIVE VALIDITY; REVIEW; SCREENING TEST; SEROLOGY;

ANIMALS; DNA, PROTOZOAN; ECHINOCOCCOSIS; ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS; ECHINOCOCCUS MULTILOCULARIS; FECES; HUMANS; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; ZOONOSES;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 62749085692     PISSN: 14714922     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2008.12.008     Document Type: Review

References (77)

1. Budke C.M., et al. Global socioeconomic impact of cystic echinococcosis. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 12 (2006) 296-303
2. Torgerson P.R., et al. Present situation of cystic echinococcosis in Central Asia. Parasitol. Int. 55 (2006) S207-S212
3. Schweiger A., et al. Human alveolar echinococcosis after fox population increase, Switzerland. Emerg. Infect. Dis 13 (2007) 878-882
4. Craig P.S., and Larrieu E. Control of cystic echinococcosis/hydatidosis: 1863-2002. Adv. Parasitol. 61 (2006) 443-508
5. Romig T., et al. Impact of praziquantel baiting on intestinal helminths of foxes in southwestern Germany. Helminthologia 44 (2007) 137-144
6. Hegglin D., et al. Anthelmintic baiting of foxes against urban contamination with Echinococcus multilocularis. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 9 (2003) 1266-1272
7. Eckert J., et al. Echinococcosis in animals: clinical aspects, diagnosis and treatment. In: Eckert J., et al. (Ed). WHO/OIE Manual on Echinococcosis in Humans and Animals: A Public Health Problem of Global Concern (2001), WHO/OIE 72-99
8. Hofer S., et al. High prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in urban red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and voles (Arvicola terrestris) in the city of Zurich, Switzerland. Parasitology 120 (2000) 135-142
9. Eckert J. Predictive values and quality control of techniques for the diagnosis of Echinococcus multilocularis in definitive hosts. Acta Trop. 85 (2003) 157-163
10. Eckert J., et al. Prevention of echinococcosis in humans and safety precautions. In: Eckert J., et al. (Ed). WHO/OIE Manual on Echinococcosis in Humans and Animals: A Public Health Problem of Global Concern (2001), OIE and WHO 238-247
11. Gemmell M.A. Australasian contributions to an understanding of the epidemiology and control of hydatid disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus - past, present and future. Int. J. Parasitol. 20 (1990) 431-456
12. Schantz P.M. Sources and uses of surveillance data for cystic echinococcosis. In: Anderson F.L., et al. (Ed). Compendium on Cystic Echinococcosis in Africa and in Middle Eastern Countries With Special Reference to Morocco (1997), Brigham Young University Print Services 72-84
13. Ziadinov I., et al. Canine echinococcosis in Kyrgyzstan: epidemiology and transmission analysis incorportaing diagnostic uncertainty. Int. J. Parasitol. 38 (2008) 1179-1190
14. Deplazes P., et al. Detection of Echinococcus coproantigens by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in dogs, dingoes and foxes. Parasitol. Res. 78 (1992) 303-308
15. Allan J.C., et al. Coproantigen detection for immunodiagnosis of echinococcosis and taeniasis in dogs and humans. Parasitology 104 (1992) 347-356
16. Morishima Y., et al. Evaluation of coproantigen diagnosis for natural Echinococcus multilocularis infection in red foxes. Jpn. J. Vet. Res. 46 (1999) 185-189
17. Deplazes P., et al. Echinococcus multilocularis coproantigen detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in fox, dog, and cat populations. J. Parasitol. 85 (1999) 115-121
18. Jenkins D.J., et al. Detection of Echinococcus granulosus coproantigens in Australian canids with natural or experimental infection. J. Parasitol. 86 (2000) 140-145
19. Kapel C.M.O., et al. Reproductive potential of Echinococcus multilocularis in experimentally infected foxes, dogs, raccoon dogs and cats. Int. J. Parasitol. 36 (2006) 79-86
20. Allan J.C., and Craig P.S. Coproantigens in taeniasis and echinococcosis. Parasitol. Int. 55 (2006) S75-S80
21. Christofi G., et al. Screening of dogs for Echinococcus granulosus coproantigen in a low endemic situation in Cyprus. Vet. Parasitol. 104 (2002) 299-306
22. Dinkel A., et al. Detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in the definitive host: coprodiagnosis by PCR as an alternative to necropsy. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36 (1998) 1871-1876
23. Mathis A., et al. An improved test system for PCR-based specific detection of Echinococcus multilocularis eggs. J. Helminthol. 70 (1996) 219-222
24. Stefanic S., et al. Polymerase chain reaction for detection of patent infections of Echinococcus granulosus ("sheep strain") in naturally infected dogs. Parasitol. Res 92 (2004) 347-351
25. Trachsel D., et al. Identification of eggs of canine taeniids by multiplex PCR. Parasitology 134 (2007) 911-920
26. Abbasi I., et al. Copro-diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus infection in dogs by amplification of a newly identified repeated DNA sequence. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 69 (2003) 324-330
27. Mathis A., and Deplazes P. Copro-DNA tests for diagnosis of animal taeniid cestodes. Parasitol. Int. 55 (2006) S87-S90
28. Bruzinskaite R., et al. Echinococcosis in pigs, and intestinal infection with Echinococcus spp. in dogs in southwestern Lithuania. Vet. Parasitol 160 (2009) 237-241
29. Al-Sabi M.N., et al. Comparative copro-diagnosis of Echinococcus multilocularis in experimentally infected foxes. Parasitol. Res. 101 (2007) 731-736
30. Lahmar S., et al. Screening for Echinococcus granulosus in dogs: comparison between arecoline purgation, coproELISA and coproPCR with necropsy in pre-patent infections. Vet. Parasitol. 144 (2007) 287-292
31. Gasser R.B., et al. Evaluation of a serological test system for the diagnosis of natural Echinococcus granulosus infection in dogs using E. granulosus protoscolex and oncosphere antigens. Aust. Vet. J. 65 (1988) 369-373
32. Craig P.S., et al. Echinococcosis: disease, detection and transmission. Parasitology 127 (2003) S5-S20
33. Craig P.S., et al. Diagnosis of canine echinococcosis: comparison of coproantigen and serum antibody tests with arecoline purgation in Uruguay. Vet. Parasitol. 56 (1995) 293-301
34. Gasser R.B., et al. Serum antibodies in canine echinococcosis. Int. J. Parasitol. 23 (1993) 579-586
35. Stieger C., et al. Spatial and temporal aspects of urban transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis. Parasitology 124 (2002) 631-640
36. Deplazes P., and Eckert J. Veterinary aspects of alveolar echinococcosis - a zoonosis of public health significance. Vet. Parasitol. 98 (2001) 65-87
37. Staebler S., et al. Serological diagnosis of canine alveolar echinococcosis. Vet. Parasitol. 141 (2006) 243-250
38. Torgerson P.R., and Heath D.D. Transmission dynamics and control options for Echinococcus granulosus. Parasitology 127 (2003) S143-S158
39. Torgerson P.R., et al. Modeling the prevalence of Echinococcus and Taenia species in small ruminants of different ages in northern Jordan. Vet. Parasitol. 79 (1998) 35-51
40. Torgerson P.R., et al. Modeling the transmission dynamics of Echinococcus granulosus in cattle and sheep in Kazakhstan. Vet. Parasitol. 114 (2003) 143-153
41. Lahmar S., et al. Ultrasonic screening for cystic echinococcosis in sheep in Tunisia. Vet. Parasitol. 143 (2007) 42-49
42. Sage A.M., et al. Evaluation of diagnostic ultrasound as a mass screening technique for the detection of hydatid cysts in the liver and lung of sheep and goats. Int. J. Parasitol. 28 (1998) 349-353
43. Gatti A., et al. Ovine echinococcosis I. Immunological diagnosis by enzyme immunoassay. Vet. Parasitol 143 (2007) 112-121
44. Yong W.K., et al. Comparison of cestode antigens in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia hydatigena and T ovis infections in sheep. Res. Vet. Sci 36 (1984) 24-31
45. Ibrahem M.M., et al. Echinococcus granulosus antigen B and seroreactivity in natural ovine hydatidosis. Res. Vet. Sci. 61 (1996) 102-106
46. Kittelberger R., et al. Evaluation of three enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays (ELISA) for the detection of serum antibodies in sheep infected with Echinococcus granulosus. Vet. Parasitol. 110 (2002) 57-76
47. Budke C.M., et al. Use of disability adjusted life years in the estimation of the disease burden of echinococcosis for a high endemic region of the Tibetan plateau. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 71 (2004) 56-64
48. Gottstein B., et al. Is high prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in wild and domestic animals associated with disease incidence in humans?. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 7 (2001) 408-412
49. Macpherson C.N.L., et al. Application of ultrasound in diagnosis, treatment, epidemiology, public health and control of Echinococcus granulosus and E. multilocularis. Parasitology 127 (2003) S21-S35
50. Kern P., et al. WHO classification of alveolar echinococcosis: principles and application. Parasitol. Int. 55 (2006) S283-S287
51. Bresson-Hadni S., et al. Imaging aspects and non-surgical interventional treatment in human alveolar echinococcosis. Parasitol. Int. 55 (2006) s267-s272
52. WHO Informal Working Group. International classification of ultrasound images in cystic echinococcosis for application in clinical and field epidemiological settings. Acta Trop. 85 (2002) 253-261
53. Larrieu E.J., and Frider B. Human cystic echinococcosis: contributions to the natural history of the disease. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 95 (2001) 679-687
54. Gavidia C.M., et al. Diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis, central Peruvian highlands. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 14 (2008) 260-266
55. Macpherson C.N.L., and Milner R. Performance characteristics and quality control of community based ultrasound surveys for cystic and alveolar echinococcosis. Acta Trop. 85 (2003) 203-209
56. Turgut A.T., et al. Unusual imaging characteristics of complicated hydatid disease. Eur. J. Radiol. 63 (2007) 84-93
57. Carmena D., et al. The immunodiagnosis of Echinococcus multilocularis infection. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 13 (2007) 460-475
58. Carmena D., et al. Antigens for the immunodiagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus infection: an update. Acta Trop. 98 (2006) 74-86
59. Vuitton D.A., et al. Survival strategy of Echinococcus multilocularis in the human host. Parasitol. Int. 55 (2006) S51-S55
60. Riganò R., et al. Modulation of human immune response by Echinococcus granulosus antigen B and its possible role in evading host defenses. Infect. Immun. 69 (2001) 288-296
61. Eckert J., and Deplazes P. Biological, epidemiological and clinical aspects of echinococcosis: a zoonosis of increasing concern. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 17 (2004) 107-135
62. Mamuti W., et al. Recent advances in characterization of Echinococcus antigen B. Parasitol. Int. 55 (2005) s57-s62
63. Gottstein B., et al. Improved primary immunodiagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis in humans by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the Em2plus antigen. J. Clin. Microbiol. 31 (1993) 373-376
64. Deplazes P., et al. Experimental alveolar echinococcosis in pigs, lesion development and serological follow up. Vet. Parasitol. 130 (2005) 213-222
65. Romig T., et al. An epidemiologic survey of human alveolar echinococcosis in southwestern Germany. Romerstein Study Group. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg 61 (1999) 566-573
66. Yang Y.R., et al. Serological prevalence of echinococcosis and risk factors for infection among children in rural communities of southern Ningxia, China. Trop. Med. Int. Health 13 (2008) 1086-1094
67. Devi C.H., and Parija S.C. A new serum hydatid antigen detection test for diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 69 (2003) 525-528
68. Benito A., et al. Dog echinococcosis in northern Spain: comparison of coproantigen and serum antibody assays with coprological exam. Vet. Parasitol. 142 (2006) 102-111
69. Torgerson P.R., et al. Alveolar echinococcosis: from a deadly disease to a well controlled infection. Relative survival and economic analysis in Switzerland over the last 35 years. J. Hepatol 49 (2008) 72-77
70. Lopera L., et al. Field evaluation of a coproantigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of canine echinococcosis in a rural Andean village in Peru. Vet. Parasitol. 117 (2003) 37-42
71. del Caprio M., et al. Diagnosis of human hydatidosis. Predictive value of a rural ultrasonographic survey in an apparently healthy population. Medicina (B. Aires) 60 (2000) 466-468
72. Rott M.B., et al. Comparative analysis of two different subunits of antigen B from Echinococcus granulosus: gene sequences, expression in Escherichia coli and serological evaluation. Acta Trop. 75 (2000) 331-340
73. Moro P.L., et al. Field diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus infection among intermediate and definitive hosts in an endemic focus of human cystic echinococcosis. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 93 (1999) 611-615
74. Black M.A., and Craig B.A. Estimating disease prevalence in the absence of a gold standard. Stat. Med. 21 (2002) 2653-2669
75. Dendukuri N., and Joseph L. Bayesian approaches to modeling the conditional dependence between multiple diagnostic tests. Biometrics 57 (2001) 158-167
76. Hui S.L., and Walter S.D. Estimating the error rates of diagnostic tests. Biometrics 36 (1980) 167-171
77. Toft N., et al. Diagnosis diagnostic tests: evaluating the assumptions underlying the estimation of sensitivity and specificity in the absence of a gold standard. Prev. Vet. Med. 45 (2005) 139-162