Policy choice or economic fundamentals: What drives the public-private health expenditure balance in Canada?

Health Economics, Policy and Law

Volumn 4, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 29-53

  Di Matteo, Livio ^a  

^a LAKEHEAD UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CANADA; CAPITAL; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH CARE SYSTEM; HEALTH ECONOMICS; INCOME; MEDICAL CARE; PATIENT CARE; PATIENT DECISION MAKING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; ECONOMICS; MANAGEMENT; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; PUBLIC HEALTH;

CANADA; HEALTH EXPENDITURES; NATIONAL HEALTH PROGRAMS; POLICY MAKING; PRIVATE SECTOR; PUBLIC SECTOR;

EID: 62649124859     PISSN: 17441331     EISSN: 1744134X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S1744133108004611     Document Type: Article

References (88)

1. Abizadeh, S. and J.A. Gray (1992), 'Politics and provincial government spending in Canada', Canadian Public Administration, 35(4): 519-533.
2. Agrell, S. (2005), 'Canadians more open to private health', National Post, 22 November.
3. Alberta (2001), 'A framework for reform', Report of the Premier's Advisory Council on Health, Chaired by the Rt. Hon. Don Mazankowski, Edmonton.
4. Bac, C. and Y. Le Pen (2002), 'An international comparison of health care expenditure determinants', Conference Paper, 10th International Conference on Panel Data, Berlin.
5. Barer, M.L., V. Bhatia, G.L. Stoddart, and R.G. Evans (1994), 'The remarkable tenacity of user charges: A concise history of the participation, positions, and rationales of Canadian interest groups in the debate over "Direct Patient Participation" in health care financing', Premier's Council on Health, Well-Being and Social Justice.
6. Barer, M.L., I.R. Pulcins, R.G. Evans, C. Hertzman, J. Lomas, and G.M. Anderson (1989), 'Trends in use of medical services by the elderly in British Columbia', Canadian Medical Association Journal, 141 (July): 39-45.
7. Barros, P.P. (1998), 'The black box of health care expenditure determinants', Health Economics, 7: 553-544.
8. Barros, P.P. (2007), 'The slow and unnoticed changes in the funding mix', Health Economics, 4: 437-440.
9. Baumol, W.J. (1967), 'Macroeconomics of unbalanced growth: The anatomy of urban crisis', American Economic Review, 57(3): 415-426.
10. Baumol, W.J. (1993), 'Health care, education and the cost disease: A looming crisis for public choice', Public Choice, 77(1): 17-28.
11. Baxter, J. (2006), 'Report provides Klein with third way out', Calgary Herald, 27 April 2006, p. A6.
12. Bird, Richard, M. (1993), 'Threading the fiscal labyrinth: Some issues in fiscal decentralization', National Tax Journal, 46(2): 207-227.
13. Blendon, R.J., C. Schoen, C.M. DesRoches, R. Osborn, and K.L. Scoles (2002), 'Trends: Inequities in health care - a five country survey', Health Affairs, 21(3): 182-191.
14. Blomqvist, A.G. and R.A.L. Carter (1997), 'Is health care really a luxury?', Journal of Health Economics, 16: 207-229.
15. Canada (2002a), 'Building on values: The future of health care in Canada', Final Report, Chaired by the Hon. Roy Romanow, Ottawa.
16. Canada (2002b), Parliament, Senate, Standing Senate Committee on Social Affairs, Science and Technology, 'The Health of Canadians: The Federal Role', Vol.6, Recommendations for Reform, Chaired by the Hon. Michael J.L. Kirby, Ottawa.
17. Canadian Institute for Health Information (2005a), National Health Expenditure Trends 1975-2005, Ottawa.
18. Canadian Institute for Health Information (2005b), Health Care in Canada, Ottawa
19. Carter, G.E. (1988), 'Established programs financing: A critical review of the record', Canadian Tax Journal, 36(5): 1225-1243.
20. Carter, G.E. (1994), 'Federal restraints on the growth of transfer payments to the provinces since 1986-87: An assessment', Canadian Tax Journal, 42(6): 1504-1532.
21. Clemente, J., C. Marcuello, A. Montanes and F. Pueyo (2004), 'On the international stability of health care expenditure functions: Are government and private functions similar', Journal of Health Economics, 23: 589-613.
22. Cleveland, W.S. (1979), 'Robust locally weighted regression and smoothing scatterplots', Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74(368): 829-836.
23. Cleveland, W.S. (1985), The Elements of Graphing, Wadsworth Advanced Books and Software, Monterey, California.
24. Cleveland, W.S. (1993), Visualizing Data, New Jersey: Hobart Press.
25. Culyer, A.J. (1983), 'Public or private health services? A skeptics view', Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 2(3): 386-402.
26. Culyer, A.J. (1988), Health Care Expenditures in Canada: Myth and Reality; Past and Future, Canadian Tax Paper No. 82 (Canadian Tax Foundation).
27. Cutler, D.M., M. McClellan, J.P. Newhouse, and D. Remler (1998), 'Are medical prices declining? Evidence from heart attack treatments', Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113(4): 991-1024.
28. Denton, F.T. and B.G. Spencer (1975), 'Health-care costs when the population changes', Canadian Journal of Economics, 8(1): 34-48.
29. Denton, F.T. and B.G. Spencer (1983), 'Population aging and future health costs in Canada', Canadian Public Policy, 9: 2.
30. Denton, F.T. and B.G. Spencer (1995), 'Demographic change and the cost of publicly funded health care', Canadian Journal on Aging, 14 (2): 174-192.
31. Denton, F.T., S. Neno Li, and B.G. Spencer (1987), 'How will population aging affect the future costs of maintaining health care standards?', in Victor W. Marshall (ed.), Aging in Canada, 2nd Edition, Fitzhenry & Whiteside.
32. Devereaux, P.J. et al. (2004), 'Payments for care at private for-profit and private not-for-profit hospitals: A systematic review and meta-analysis', Canadian Medical Association Journal, 170 (12): 1817-1824.
33. Di Matteo, L. (2000), 'The determinants of the public-private mix in Canadian health care expenditures: 1975-1996', Health Policy, 52: 87-112.
34. Di Matteo, L. (2004), 'What drives provincial health expenditure', Canadian Tax Journal, 52(4): 1102-1120.
35. Di Matteo, L. and R. Di Matteo (1998), 'Evidence on the determinants of Canadian provincial government health expenditures: 1965-1991', Journal of Health Economics, April.
36. Duckett, S.J. (2005), 'Living in the parallel universe in Australia: public Medicare and private hospitals', Canadian Medical Association Journal, 173(7): 745-747.
37. Duckett, S.J. and T.J. Jackson (2000), 'The new health insurance rebate: an inefficient way of assisting public hospitals', Medical Journal of Australia, 172: 439-442.
38. Emery, J.C.H. and K. Gerrits (2005), 'The demand for private health insurance in Alberta in the presence of a public alternative, health services restsuctruring: New evidence and new directions', John Deutsch Institute Conference, Queen's University, 17-18 November 2005.
39. Epple, D. and R.E. Romano (1996a), 'Public provision of private goods', Journal of Political Economy, 104: 57-84.
40. Epple, D. and R.E. Romano (1996b), 'Ends against the middle: Determining public service provision when there are private alternatives', Journal of Public Economics, 62: 297-325.
41. Evans, R.G. (1983), 'Health care in Canada: Patterns of funding and regulation', Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 8 (1): 1-43.
42. Evans, R.G. (1987), 'Hang together, or hang separately: The viability of a universal health care system in an aging society', Canadian Public Policy, 13(2): 165-180.
43. Evans, R.G., M.L. Barer, G.L. Stoddart, and V. Bhatia (1994), Who Are the Zombie Masters, and What Do They Want? Premier's Council on Health, Well-being and Social Justice.
44. Evans, R.G., J. Lomas, M. L. Barer, R.J. Labelle, C. Fooks, G.L. Stoddart, G.M. Anderson, D. Feeny, A. Gafni, G.W. Torrance, and W.G. Tholl (1989), 'Controlling health expenditures - the Canadian reality', The New England Journal of Medicine, 320(9): 571-577.
45. Gbesemete, K.P. and U.-G. Gerdtham (1992), 'Determinants of health care expenditure in Africa: A cross-sectional study', World Development 20(2): 303-308.
46. Gerdtham, U.G., B. Jonsson, M. MacFarlan, and H. Oxley (1998), 'The determinants of health expenditure in the OECD countries: A pooled data analysis', P. Zweifel (ed.), Health, the Medical Profession and Regulation: Developments in Health Economics and Public Policy, Vol. 6, Boston, pp. 113-134.
47. Gerdtham, U.G., J. Sogaard, F. Andersson, and B. Jonsson (1992), 'An econometric analysis of health care expenditure: A cross-section study of the OECD countries', Journal of Health Economics, 11: 63-84.
48. Gouveia, M. (1996), 'The public sector and health care', International Tax and Public Finance, 3: 329-349.
49. Gouveia, M. (1997), 'Majority rule and the public provision of a private good', Public Choice, 93: 221-244.
50. Hall, J. and A. Maynard (2005), 'Healthcare lessons from Australia: What can Michael Howard learn from John Howard', British Medical Journal 12 February, 357-359.
51. Hartwig, J. (2006), 'What drives health care expenditure? - Baumol's Model of "unbalanced growth" revisited', KOF Working Papers/KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich, 103.
52. Hitiris, T. and J. Posnett (1992), 'The determinants and effects of health expenditure in developed countries', Journal of Health Economics, 11: 173-181.
53. Hogan, S. and S. Hogan (2002), 'How will the ageing of the population affect health care needs and costs in the foreseeable future?', Discussion Paper No. 25, Commission on the Future of Health Care in Canada.
54. Jaffey, J. (2007), 'Has Chaouli created an interest in the business of health', Lawyer's Weekly, 14 September, 27, 18.
55. Jeong, H.-S. (2005), 'Health care reform and change in public-private mix of financing: A Korean case', Health Policy, 74: 133-145.
56. Kleiman, E. (1974), 'The determinants of national outlay on health', in M. Perlman (ed.), The Economics of Health and Medical Care, London: Macmillan.
57. Krauss, C. (2006), 'As Canada's slow-motion public health system falters: Private medical care is surging', New York Times, 26 February.
58. Leong, M. (2006), '51% say private care OK', National Post, 2 June, p. A1.
59. Leu, Robert E. (1986), 'The public-private mix and international health care costs', in A.J. Culyer, and B. Jonsson (eds), Public and Private Health Services, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
60. Lynch, M. and M. Calnan (2003), "The changing public/private mix in dentistry in the UK-a supply-side perspective', Health Economics, 12: 309-321.
61. Marchand, M. and F. Schroyen (2005), 'Can a mixed health care system be desirable on equity grounds?', Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 107(1): 1-23.
62. Marchildon, Gregory P. (2005), 'The Chaoulli case: Two-tier Magna Carta?', Law and Governance, Longwoods Publishing, June 2005.
63. Mendelsohn, M. (2002), 'Canadian thoughts on their health care system: preserving the Canadian model through innovation - a review of public opinion', June, Royal Commission on the Future of Health Care in Canada.
64. Mickleburgh, R. (2007), 'Not eyeing private-clinic increase, B.C. says', The Globe and Mail, 2 October.
65. Mohanty, S., S. Woolhandler, D.U. Himmelstein, S. Pati, O. Carrasquillo, and D.H. Bor (2005), 'Health care expenditures of immigrants in the United States: A nationally representative analysis', American Journal of Public Health, 95(9): 1431-1437.
66. Naylor, C. David (2002), 'Your money/or your life', Canadian Medical Association Journal, 166(11).
67. Newhouse, J.P. (1977), 'Medical care expenditure: A cross-national survey', The Journal of Human Resources, 12(1): 115-125.
68. Newhouse, J.P. (1992), 'Medical care costs: How much welfare loss?', The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 6(3): 3-21.
69. O'Brien, K. and M. Watts (2007), 'Business opportunities in private health care in Canada', The Osler Outlook, Spring, p. 3.
70. Parkin, D., A. McGuire, and B. Yule (1987), 'Aggregate health care expenditures and national income: Is health care a luxury good', Journal of Health Economics, 6: 109-127.
71. Perry, J.H. (1989), A Fiscal History of Canada-The Postwar Years, Canadian Tax Foundation, Canadian Tax Paper No. 85.
72. Pooley, E. (2006), 'Clinical trials', Canadian Business Magazine, 19 June-26 July, Issue.
73. Poullier, J.P. (1986), 'Levels and trends in the public-private mix of the industrialized countries' health systems', in A.J. Culyer and B. Jonsson (eds), Public and Private Health Services, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
74. Propper, C. (2000), 'The demand for private health care in the UK', Journal of Health Economics, 19: 855-876.
75. Provincial and Territorial Ministers of Health (2000), 'Understanding Canada's health care costs', Final Report, August, www.health.gov.on.ca/ english/public/pub/ministry_reports/ptcd/ptcd_doc_e.pdf
76. Rubin, R.M. and K. Koelln (1993), 'Determinants of household out-of-pocket health expenditures', Social Science Quarterly, 74(4): 721-735.
77. Saskatchewan (2001), 'Caring for Medicare: Sustaining a quality system', Commission on Medicare, Chaired by Kenneth J. Fyke, Regina.
78. Schieber, George J. (1990), 'Health expenditures in major industrialized countries, 1960-87', Health Care Financing Review, 11(4): 159-167.
79. Schrimper, R.A. and R.L. Clark (1985), 'Health expenditures and elderly adults', Journal of Gerontology, 40(2): 235-243.
80. Seshamani, M. and A.M. Gray (2004), 'A longitudinal study of the effects of age and time to death on hospital costs', Journal of Health Economics, 23: 217-235.
81. Stabile, M. (2001), 'Private insurance subsidies and public health care markets: Evidence from Canada', Canadian Journal of Economics, 34(4): 921-942.
82. Steinbrook, R. (2006), 'Private health in Canada', New England Journal of Medicine, 354(16): 1661-1664.
83. Stoddart, G.L., M.L. Barer, R.G. Evans, and V. Bhatia (1993), Why Not User Charges? The Real Issues, Canada: Premier's Council on Health, Well-being and Social Justice.
84. Stoddart, G.L. and R.J. Labelle (1985), Privatization in the Canadian Health Care System: Assertions, Evidence, Ideology and Options, Canada: Ministry of Supply and Services.
85. Tountas, Y., P. Karnaki, E. Pavi, and K. Souliotis (2005), 'The "unexpected" growth of the private health sector in Greece', Health Policy, 74: 167-180.
86. Tuohy, C.H., C.M. Flood, and M. Stabile (2004), 'How does private finance affect public health care systems? Marshaling the evidence from OECD nations', Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 29 (3): 359-396.
87. Waldo, D.R., S.T. Sonnefeld, D.R. McKusick, and R.H. Arnett (1989), 'Health expenditures by age group, 1977 and 1987', Health Care Financing Review, 10(4): 111-120.
88. Williams, A. (1988), 'Priority setting in public and private health care: A guide through the ideological jungle', Journal of Health Economics, 7: 173-183.