Elevated delta-6 desaturase (FADS2) expression in the postmortem prefrontal cortex of schizophrenic patients: Relationship with fatty acid composition

Schizophrenia Research

Volumn 109, Issue 1-3, 2009, Pages 113-120

  Liu, Yanhong ^a   Jandacek, Ronald ^a   Rider, Therese ^a   Tso, Patrick ^a   McNamara, Robert K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Delta 5 desaturase (FADS1); Delta 6 desaturase (FADS2); Elongase (HELO1); Monounsaturated fatty acids; Peroxisome (PEX19); Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Postmortem; Prefrontal cortex; Saturated fatty acids; Schizophrenia; Stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD)

Indexed keywords

ACYL COENZYME A DESATURASE; CHLORPROMAZINE; CLOZAPINE; FATTY ACID; FLUPHENAZINE; HALOPERIDOL; LINOLEOYL COENZYME A DESATURASE; OLANZAPINE; PEROXIN 19; RISPERIDONE; THIORIDAZINE; TIOTIXENE;

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DELTA 5 DESATURASE GENE; ELONGASE GENE; ENZYME ACTIVITY; GENE; GENE EXPRESSION; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHIZOPHRENIA;

ADULT; AGED; ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS; AUTOPSY; FATTY ACID DESATURASES; FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED; FEMALE; GENE EXPRESSION; HUMANS; LINOLEOYL-COA DESATURASE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA, MESSENGER; SCHIZOPHRENIA; STEAROYL-COA DESATURASE;

EID: 62649085037     PISSN: 09209964     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2008.12.027     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Arvindakshan M., Sitasawad S., Debsikdar V., Ghate M., Evans D., Horrobin D.F., Bennett C., Ranjekar P.K., and Mahadik S.P. Essential polyunsaturated fatty acid and lipid peroxide levels in never-medicated and medicated schizophrenia patients. Biol. Psychiatry 53 (2003) 56-64
2. Brenner R.R. Hormonal modulation of delta6 and delta5 desaturases: case of diabetes. Prostaglandins. Leukot. Essent. Fat. Acids 68 (2003) 151-162
3. Brown S., Birtwistle J., Roe L., and Thompson C. The unhealthy lifestyle of people with schizophrenia. Psychol. Med. 29 (1999) 697-701
4. Cho H.P., Nakamura M., and Clarke S.D. Cloning, expression, and fatty acid regulation of the human delta-5 desaturase. J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999) 37335-37339
5. Cho H.P., Nakamura M.T., and Clarke S.D. Cloning, expression, and nutritional regulation of the mammalian delta-6 desaturase. J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999) 471-477
6. Das I., and Khan N.S. Increased arachidonic acid induced platelet chemiluminescence indicates cyclooxygenase overactivity in schizophrenic subjects. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fat. Acids 58 (1998) 165-168
7. Evans D.R., Parikh V.V., Khan M.M., Coussons C., Buckley P.F., and Mahadik S.P. Red blood cell membrane essential fatty acid metabolism in early psychotic patients following antipsychotic drug treatment. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fat. Acids 69 (2003) 393-399
8. Fernø J., Raeder M.B., Vik-Mo A.O., Skrede S., Glambek M., Tronstad K.J., Breilid H., Løvlie R., Berge R.K., Stansberg C., and Steen V.M. Antipsychotic drugs activate SREBP-regulated expression of lipid biosynthetic genes in cultured human glioma cells: a novel mechanism of action?. Pharmacogenomics J. 5 (2005) 298-304
9. Götte K., Girzalsky W., Linkert M., Baumgart E., Kammerer S., Kunau W.H., and Erdmann R. Pex19p, a farnesylated protein essential for peroxisome biogenesis. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (1998) 616-628
10. Henderson D.C., Borba C.P., Daley T.B., Boxill R., Nguyen D.D., Culhane M.A., Louie P., Cather C., Eden Evins A., Freudenreich O., Taber S.M., and Goff D.C. Dietary intake profile of patients with schizophrenia. Ann. Clin. Psychiatry 18 (2006) 99-105
11. Horrobin D.F., and Huang Y.S. Schizophrenia: the role of abnormal essential fatty acid and prostaglandin metabolism. Med. Hypotheses 10 (1983) 329-336
12. Horrobin D.F., Manku M.S., Hillman H., Iain A., and Glen M. Fatty acid levels in the brains of schizophrenics and normal controls. Biol. Psychiatry 30 (1991) 795-805
13. Igarashi M., Ma K., Chang L., Bell J.M., and Rapoport S.I. Dietary n-3 PUFA deprivation for 15 weeks upregulates elongase and desaturase expression in rat liver but not brain. J. Lipid. Res. 48 (2007) 2463-2470
14. Kaddurah-Daouk R., McEvoy J., Baillie R.A., Lee D., Yao J.K., Doraiswamy P.M., and Krishnan K.R. Metabolomic mapping of atypical antipsychotic effects in schizophrenia. Mol. Psychiatry 12 (2007) 934-945
15. Kale A., Joshi S., Naphade N., Sapkale S., Raju M.S., Pillai A., Nasrallah H., and Mahadik S.P. Opposite changes in predominantly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in cerebrospinal fluid and red blood cells from never-medicated first-episode psychotic patients. Schizophr. Res 98 (2008) 295-301
16. Khan M.M., Evans D.R., Gunna V., Scheffer R.E., Parikh V.V., and Mahadik S.P. Reduced erythrocyte membrane essential fatty acids and increased lipid peroxides in schizophrenia at the never-medicated first-episode of psychosis and after years of treatment with antipsychotics. Schizophr. Res. 58 (2002) 1-10
17. Leonard A.E., Bobik E.G., Dorado J., Kroeger P.E., Chuang L.T., Thurmond J.M., Parker-Barnes J.M., Das T., Huang Y.S., and Mukerji P. Cloning of a human cDNA encoding a novel enzyme involved in the elongation of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Biochem. J. 350 (2000) 765-770
18. Malerba G., Schaeffer L., Xumerle L., Klopp N., Trabetti E., Biscuola M., Cavallari U., Galavotti R., Martinelli N., Guarini P., Girelli D., Olivieri O., Corrocher R., Heinrich J., Pignatti P.F., and Illig T. SNPs of the FADS gene cluster are associated with polyunsaturated fatty acids in a cohort of patients with cardiovascular disease. Lipids 43 (2008) 289-299
19. Martinez M. Abnormal profiles of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the brain, liver, kidney and retina of patients with peroxisomal disorders. Brain Res. 583 (1992) 171-182
20. Mathé A.A., Sedvall G., Wiesel F.A., and Nybäck H. Increased content of immunoreactive prostaglandin E in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with schizophrenia. Lancet 1 8158 (1980) 16-18
21. Matsuzono Y., Kinoshita N., Tamura S., Shimozawa N., Hamasaki M., Ghaedi K., Wanders R.J., Suzuki Y., Kondo N., and Fujiki Y. Human PEX19: cDNA cloning by functional complementation, mutation analysis in a patient with Zellweger syndrome, and potential role in peroxisomal membrane assembly. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 96 (1999) 2116-2121
22. McNamara R.K., Levant B., Taylor B., Ahlbrand R., Liu Y., Sullivan J.R., Stanford K., and Richtand N.M. C57BL/6 J mice exhibit reduced dopamine D3 receptor-mediated locomotor-inhibitory function relative to DBA/2 J mice. Neuroscience 143 (2006) 141-153
23. McNamara R.K., Jandacek R., Rider T., Tso P., Hahn C.G., Richtand N.M., and Stanford K.E. Abnormalities in the fatty acid composition of the postmortem orbitofrontal cortex of schizophrenic patients: gender differences and partial normalization with antipsychotic medications. Schizophr. Res. 91 (2007) 37-50
24. McNamara R.K., Liu Y., Jandacek R., Rider T., and Tso P. The aging human orbitofrontal cortex: decreasing polyunsaturated fatty acid composition and associated increases in lipogenic gene expression and stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity. Prostaglandins. Leukot. Essent. Fat. Acids 78 (2008) 293-304
25. McNamara R.K., Jandacek R., Rider T., Tso P., Stanford K.E., Hahn C.G., and Richtand N.M. Deficits in docosahexaenoic acid and associated elevations in the metabolism of arachidonic acid and saturated fatty acids in the postmortem orbitofrontal cortex of patients with bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res. 160 (2008) 285-299
26. McNamara R.K., Able J.A., Jandacek R., Rider T., and Tso P. Chronic risperidone treatment preferentially increases rat erythrocyte and prefrontal cortex omega-3 fatty acid composition: evidence for augmented biosynthesis. Schizophr. Res. 107 (2009) 150-157
27. Metcalfe L.D., Schmitz A.A., and Pelka J.R. Rapid preparation of fatty acid esters from lipids for gas chromatographic analysis. Anal. Chem. 38 (1966) 514-515
28. Nara T.Y., He W.S., Tang C., Clarke S.D., and Nakamura M.T. The E-box like sterol regulatory element mediates the suppression of human delta-6 desaturase gene by highly unsaturated fatty acids. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 296 (2002) 111-117
29. Nishino S., Mignot E., Benson K.L., and Zarcone V.P. Cerebrospinal fluid prostaglandins and corticotropin releasing factor in schizophrenics and controls: relationship to sleep architecture. Psychiatry Res. 78 (1998) 141-150
30. Ntambi J.M., and Miyazaki M. Regulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturases and role in metabolism. Prog. Lipid Res. 43 (2004) 91-104
31. Nwankwo J.O., Spector A.A., and Domann F.E. A nucleotide insertion in the transcriptional regulatory region of FADS2 gives rise to human fatty acid delta-6-desaturase deficiency. J. Lipid Res. 44 (2003) 2311-2319
32. Obukowicz M.G., Welsch D.J., Salsgiver W.J., Martin-Berger C.L., Chinn K.S., Duffin K.L., Raz A., and Needleman P. Novel, selective delta6 or delta5 fatty acid desaturase inhibitors as antiinflammatory agents in mice. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 287 (1998) 157-166
33. Reddy R.D., Keshavan M.S., and Yao J.K. Reduced red blood cell membrane essential polyunsaturated fatty acids in first episode schizophrenia at neuroleptic-naive baseline. Schizophr. Bull. 30 (2004) 901-911
34. Rimoldi O.J., Finarelli G.S., and Brenner R.R. Effects of diabetes and insulin on hepatic delta6 desaturase gene expression. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 283 (2001) 323-326
35. Rzehak P., Heinrich J., Klopp N., Schaeffer L., Hoff S., Wolfram G., Illig T., and Linseisen J. Evidence for an association between genetic variants of the fatty acid desaturase 1 fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS1 FADS2) gene cluster and the fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membranes. Br. J. Nutr. 15 (2008) 1-7
36. Schaeffer L., Gohlke H., Müller M., Heid I.M., Palmer L.J., Kompauer I., Demmelmair H., Illig T., Koletzko B., and Heinrich J. Common genetic variants of the FADS1 FADS2 gene cluster and their reconstructed haplotypes are associated with the fatty acid composition in phospholipids. Hum. Mol. Genet. 15 (2006) 1745-1756
37. Sprecher H., and Chen Q. Polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis: a microsomal-peroxisomal process. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fat. Acids 60 (1999) 317-321
38. Stoffel W., Holz B., Jenke B., Binczek E., Günter R.H., Kiss C., Karakesisoglou I., Thevis M., Weber A.A., Arnhold S., and Addicks K. Delta6-desaturase (FADS2) deficiency unveils the role of omega3- and omega6-polyunsaturated fatty acids. EMBO J. 27 (2008) 2281-2292
39. Strassnig M., Singh Brar J., and Ganguli R. Dietary fatty acid and antioxidant intake in community-dwelling patients suffering from schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 76 (2005) 343-351
40. Torrey E.F., Webster M., Knable M., Johnston N., and Yolken R.H. The Stanley Foundation brain collection and Neuropathology Consortium. Schizophr. Res. 44 (2000) 151-155
41. Vik-Mo A.O., Birkenaes A.B., Fernø J., Jonsdottir H., Andreassen O.A., and Steen V.M. Increased expression of lipid biosynthesis genes in peripheral blood cells of olanzapine-treated patients. Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 11 (2008) 679-684
42. Warensjö E., Sundström J., Vessby B., Cederholm T., and Risérus U. Markers of dietary fat quality and fatty acid desaturation as predictors of total and cardiovascular mortality: a population-based prospective study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 88 (2008) 203-209
43. Williard D.E., Nwankwo J.O., Kaduce T.L., Harmon S.D., Irons M., Moser H.W., Raymond G.V., and Spector A.A. Identification of a fatty acid delta6-desaturase deficiency in human skin fibroblasts. J. Lipid Res. 42 (2001) 501-508
44. Yao J.K., Leonard S., and Reddy R.D. Membrane phospholipid abnormalities in postmortem brains from schizophrenic patients. Schizophr. Res. 42 (2000) 7-17
45. Zhang L., Ge L., Parimoo S., Stenn K., and Prouty S.M. Human stearoyl-CoA desaturase: alternative transcripts generated from a single gene by usage of tandem polyadenylation sites. Biochem. J. 340 (1999) 255-264