Pastoral nomad rights in Inner Mongolia

Nomadic Peoples

Volumn 12, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 13-33

  Zhizhong, Wu ^a   Wen, Du ^b  

^a Legislative Affairs Office   (China)

^b Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region   (China)

Author keywords

Grassland ecology; Inner Mongolia; Nomadism; Pastoralism

Indexed keywords

AGRICULTURAL WORKER; GRASSLAND; HUMAN RIGHTS; LAND MANAGEMENT; NOMADIC PEOPLE; PASTORALISM; PASTURE; PRIVATIZATION;

ASIA; CHINA; EURASIA; FAR EAST; NEI MONGGOL;

EID: 62549133959     PISSN: 08227942     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3167/np.2008.120202     Document Type: Article

References (13)

1. Subinfeudation, in English law, is the practice by which tenants, holding land under the king or other superior lord, carved out new and distinct tenures in their turn by sub-letting or alienating a part of their lands (Wikipedia.com).
2. Huliletai: Mongolian, refers to meeting. In the Genghis Khan regime, it refers to the national supreme organisation for discussion and decision-making consisting of presbyters and thousand-household heads of various tribes. Its main powers included election of the emperor and chief justice and decisions on war.
3. Genghis Khan Code and Relevant Discussion, The Commercial Press, Edit. 1 July 2007, p. 3.
4. Zha'erhuchi: Mongolian, refers to the chief justice. In the Genghis Khan regime, the chief justice was elected by Huliletai with the nomination of the emperor. The chief justice was in charge of litigation verdicts, subinfeudation recording and law drafting. The verdict was a final judgment, and no one was able to change it. Thus it formed the earliest systematic precedential legal system in human history.
5. Yuesun: Mongolian, refers to customary law.
6. The Cultural Revolution was a large-scale domestic political movement started in 1966. It is regarded as the most turbulent period in China since the founding of the People's Republic of China and is widely known as the 'Ten-year Riot' or the 'Ten-year Calamity'.
7. The Qing Dynasty (1636 to 12 February 1912) became a national regime in 1644 and was the last imperial dynasty in the history of China. The rulers were the Aisin-Gioro family, originating from Jianzhou Jurchen.
8. The Republic of China (1912-1949) was the regime between the Qing Dynasty and the People's Republic of China. It was a transitional period in Chinese history in which the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society was terminated.
9. League and city: The administrative region between province and county according to the Constitution of China.
10. Banner and county: The administrative region below city according to the Constitution of China.
11. Gacha: Collective economic organization of herdsman.
12. Sumu: The branch agency of a banner government responsible for assisting the banner government to deal with herdsman and pasture affairs.
13. Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China and Secretary General of CPC Central Committee.