Coping in their own way: Asian cities and the problem of fires

Urban History

Volumn 24, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 5-16

  Frost, Lionel ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 6244250803     PISSN: 09639268     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/s0963926800012141     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. A notable exception is Williamson's work on British cities during the Industrial Revolution, which fruitfully draws parallels and contrasts with Third World city growth: J.G. Williamson, Coping with City Growth during the British Industrial Revolution (Cambridge, 1990).
2. See L. Frost, 'Cities and economic development: some lessons from the economic history of the Pacific Rim', in G.D. Snooks (ed.), Historical Analysis in Economics (London, 1993), 113-15.
3. See especially E.L. Jones, 'The reduction of fire damage in southern England, 1650-1850', Post-Medieval Archaeology, 2 (1968), 140-9; E.L. Jones, S. Porter and M. Turner, A Gazetteer of English Urban Fire Disasters (Norwich, 1984); E.L. Jones and M.E. Falkus, 'Urban improvement in the English economy in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries', in P. Borsay (ed.), The Eighteenth Century Town: A Reader in English Urban History (Oxford, 1990); L.E. Frost and E.L. Jones, 'The fire gap and the greater durability of nineteenth century cities', Planning Perspectives, 4 (1989), 333-47; C.M. Rosen, The Limits of Power: Great Fires and the Process of City Growth in America (Cambridge, 1986); J.C. Weaver and P. de Lottinville, 'The conflagration and the city: disaster and progress in British North America during the nineteenth century', Histoire Sociale - Social History, 13 (1980), 417-49.
4. See especially E.L. Jones, 'The reduction of fire damage in southern England, 1650-1850', Post-Medieval Archaeology, 2 (1968), 140-9; E.L. Jones, S. Porter and M. Turner, A Gazetteer of English Urban Fire Disasters (Norwich, 1984); E.L. Jones and M.E. Falkus, 'Urban improvement in the English economy in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries', in P. Borsay (ed.), The Eighteenth Century Town: A Reader in English Urban History (Oxford, 1990); L.E. Frost and E.L. Jones, 'The fire gap and the greater durability of nineteenth century cities', Planning Perspectives, 4 (1989), 333-47; C.M. Rosen, The Limits of Power: Great Fires and the Process of City Growth in America (Cambridge, 1986); J.C. Weaver and P. de Lottinville, 'The conflagration and the city: disaster and progress in British North America during the nineteenth century', Histoire Sociale - Social History, 13 (1980), 417-49.
5. See especially E.L. Jones, 'The reduction of fire damage in southern England, 1650-1850', Post-Medieval Archaeology, 2 (1968), 140-9; E.L. Jones, S. Porter and M. Turner, A Gazetteer of English Urban Fire Disasters (Norwich, 1984); E.L. Jones and M.E. Falkus, 'Urban improvement in the English economy in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries', in P. Borsay (ed.), The Eighteenth Century Town: A Reader in English Urban History (Oxford, 1990); L.E. Frost and E.L. Jones, 'The fire gap and the greater durability of nineteenth century cities', Planning Perspectives, 4 (1989), 333-47; C.M. Rosen, The Limits of Power: Great Fires and the Process of City Growth in America (Cambridge, 1986); J.C. Weaver and P. de Lottinville, 'The conflagration and the city: disaster and progress in British North America during the nineteenth century', Histoire Sociale - Social History, 13 (1980), 417-49.
6. See especially E.L. Jones, 'The reduction of fire damage in southern England, 1650-1850', Post-Medieval Archaeology, 2 (1968), 140-9; E.L. Jones, S. Porter and M. Turner, A Gazetteer of English Urban Fire Disasters (Norwich, 1984); E.L. Jones and M.E. Falkus, 'Urban improvement in the English economy in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries', in P. Borsay (ed.), The Eighteenth Century Town: A Reader in English Urban History (Oxford, 1990); L.E. Frost and E.L. Jones, 'The fire gap and the greater durability of nineteenth century cities', Planning Perspectives, 4 (1989), 333-47; C.M. Rosen, The Limits of Power: Great Fires and the Process of City Growth in America (Cambridge, 1986); J.C. Weaver and P. de Lottinville, 'The conflagration and the city: disaster and progress in British North America during the nineteenth century', Histoire Sociale - Social History, 13 (1980), 417-49.
7. See especially E.L. Jones, 'The reduction of fire damage in southern England, 1650-1850', Post-Medieval Archaeology, 2 (1968), 140-9; E.L. Jones, S. Porter and M. Turner, A Gazetteer of English Urban Fire Disasters (Norwich, 1984); E.L. Jones and M.E. Falkus, 'Urban improvement in the English economy in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries', in P. Borsay (ed.), The Eighteenth Century Town: A Reader in English Urban History (Oxford, 1990); L.E. Frost and E.L. Jones, 'The fire gap and the greater durability of nineteenth century cities', Planning Perspectives, 4 (1989), 333-47; C.M. Rosen, The Limits of Power: Great Fires and the Process of City Growth in America (Cambridge, 1986); J.C. Weaver and P. de Lottinville, 'The conflagration and the city: disaster and progress in British North America during the nineteenth century', Histoire Sociale - Social History, 13 (1980), 417-49.
8. See especially E.L. Jones, 'The reduction of fire damage in southern England, 1650-1850', Post-Medieval Archaeology, 2 (1968), 140-9; E.L. Jones, S. Porter and M. Turner, A Gazetteer of English Urban Fire Disasters (Norwich, 1984); E.L. Jones and M.E. Falkus, 'Urban improvement in the English economy in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries', in P. Borsay (ed.), The Eighteenth Century Town: A Reader in English Urban History (Oxford, 1990); L.E. Frost and E.L. Jones, 'The fire gap and the greater durability of nineteenth century cities', Planning Perspectives, 4 (1989), 333-47; C.M. Rosen, The Limits of Power: Great Fires and the Process of City Growth in America (Cambridge, 1986); J.C. Weaver and P. de Lottinville, 'The conflagration and the city: disaster and progress in British North America during the nineteenth century', Histoire Sociale - Social History, 13 (1980), 417-49.
9. S. Chandra, 'Standard of living: Mughal India', in T. Raychaudhuri and I. Habib (eds), The Cambridge Economic History of India, vol. I (Cambridge, 1982), 465.
10. Chao Erh-sun, Ch'ing-shih kao [Draft history of the Ch'ing Dynasty] (Mukden, 1937), 206-7.
11. S.B. Hanley, 'Urban sanitation in preindustrial Japan', Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 18 (1987), 3-4; T. Chandler, Four Thousand Years of Urban Growth: An Historical Census (Lewiston/Queenstown, 1987), 567.
12. S.B. Hanley, 'Urban sanitation in preindustrial Japan', Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 18 (1987), 3-4; T. Chandler, Four Thousand Years of Urban Growth: An Historical Census (Lewiston/Queenstown, 1987), 567.
13. W.T. Rowe, Hankow: Commerce and Society in a Chinese City, 1796-1889 (Stanford, 1984); idem, Hankow: Conflict and Community in a Chinese City, 1796-1895 (Stanford, 1989).
14. W.T. Rowe, Hankow: Commerce and Society in a Chinese City, 1796-1889 (Stanford, 1984); idem, Hankow: Conflict and Community in a Chinese City, 1796-1895 (Stanford, 1989).
15. Rowe, Hankow: Commerce and Society, 38-42.
16. E. Seidensticker, Low City, High City: Tokyo from Edo to the Earthquake (London, 1983), 14.
17. Rowe, Hankow: Conflict and Community, 159.
18. Z. Celik, The Remaking of Modern Istanbul: Portrait of an Ottoman City in the Nineteenth Century (Seattle, 1986), 55.
19. Quoted by Rowe, Hankow: Commerce and Society, 24.
20. Ibid., 24-5.
21. Ibid., 25.
22. Rowe, Hankow: Conflict and Community, 158.
23. R. Mayer, Byzantion - Konstantinupolis - Istanbul: Eine Genetische Stadtgeographie (Vienna and Leipzig, 1943), 102.
24. Ibid., 102.
25. Celik, The Remaking of Modern Istanbul, 52-3.
26. J. Inouye, Home Life in Tokyo (London, 1910), 29.
27. Quoted by N. Nouet, The Shogun's City: A History of Tokyo (Sandgate, 1990), 161.
28. Ibid., 47, 105-6.
29. Seidensticker, Low City, High City, 22.
30. Ibid., 62-4.
31. Ibid., 14.
32. Rowe, Hankow: Conflict and Community, 158.
33. Ibid., 92.
34. Ibid., 158.
35. Quoted by Rowe in ibid., 159.
36. Ibid., 65.
37. Rowe, Hankow: Commerce and Society, 24.
38. Inouye, Home Life in Tokyo, 30.
39. Seidensticker, Low City, High City, 64.
40. E. Seidensticker, Tokyo Rising: The City Since the Great Earthquake (New York, 1990), 8.
41. Nai Dewong, Du Cheng Ji Sheng [Beauty of the Capital (Hangzhou)] (Beijing, 1982; 1st pub. 1235), 15.
42. Rowe, Hankow: Conflict and Community, 159.
43. See M.W. Waldrop, Complexity: The Emerging Science at the Edge of Order and Chaos (New York, 1992), passim, but see especially 144-97.
44. M. Olson, The Rise and Decline of Nations: Economic Growth, Stagflation, and Social Rigidities (New Haven, 1982), 4.
45. Ibid.
46. See Waldrop, Complexity, 262-3.
47. Ibid., 262-5.
48. Rowe, Hankow: Conflict and Community, 160.
49. Quoted in ibid., 163.
50. Ibid., 163-8.
51. D.C. North, Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance (Cambridge, 1990), 54-60.
52. M. Polo, The Travels of Marco Polo, trans. R. Latham (Harmondsworth, 1958), 219-21.
53. Wu Zimu, Meng Liang Lu [Records of the dreams of past splendors] (Beijing, 1982; 1st pub. 1275), 81-3; E. Balazs, Chinese Civilization and Bureaucracy: Variations on a Theme (New Haven, 1964), 88.
54. Wu Zimu, Meng Liang Lu [Records of the dreams of past splendors] (Beijing, 1982; 1st pub. 1275), 81-3; E. Balazs, Chinese Civilization and Bureaucracy: Variations on a Theme (New Haven, 1964), 88.
55. Ibid., 73.
56. Polo,Travels, 219.
57. Celik, The Remaking of Modern Istanbul, 52.
58. Seidensticker, Low City, High City, 58-61.
59. Anon., Gazetteer of Lin'an (Hangzhou) (Taipei, compiled between 1265 and 1274), 4189-90.
60. Hanley, 'Urban sanitation', 8-14.