The effect of antihypertensive drugs on central blood pressure beyond peripheral blood pressure. Part I: (Patho)-physiology, rationale and perspective on pulse pressure amplification

Current Pharmaceutical Design

Volumn 15, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 267-271

  Protogerou, Athanassios D ^a,b   Papaioannou, Theodore G ^a   Lekakis, John P ^a   Blacher, Jacques ^b   Safar, Michel E ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS   (Greece)

^b UNIVERSITÉ PARIS DESCARTES   (France)

Author keywords

Antihypertensive drugs; Arterial stiffness; Central blood pressure; Pressure amplification; Wave reflections

Indexed keywords

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; ATENOLOL; INDAPAMIDE; PERINDOPRIL;

AORTA PRESSURE; ARTERIAL STIFFNESS; ARTERY WALL; BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING; BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION; BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL TRIAL; HEART HEMODYNAMICS; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE MASS; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; INVASIVE PROCEDURE; KIDNEY FAILURE; NON INVASIVE MEASUREMENT; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PULSE PRESSURE; REVIEW; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; VISCOELASTICITY;

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS; AORTA; BLOOD PRESSURE; BRACHIAL ARTERY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 62249216401     PISSN: 13816128     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/138161209787354267     Document Type: Review

References (48)

1. Mancia G, de Backer G, Dominiczak A, CIfkova R, Fagard R, Germano G, et al. 2007 guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. The task force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens 2007; 25: 1105-87.
2. MacMahon S, Peto R, Cutler J, Collins R, Sorlie P, Neaton J, et al. Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease. Part 1, prolonged differences in blood pressure: Prospective observational studies corrected for the regression dilution bias. Lancet 1990; 335: 765-74.
3. Prospective Studies Collaboration. Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: A meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet 2002; 360: 1903-13.
4. Blacher J, Evans A, Arveiler D, Amouyel P, Ferrières J, Bingham A, et al. PRIME Study Group. Residual coronary risk in men aged 50-59 years treated for hypertension and hyperlipidaemia in the population: the PRIME study. J Hypertens 2004; 22: 415-23.
5. McEniery CM, Yasmin, Hall, IR, Qasem A, Wilkinson IB, Cockcroft JR. Normal vascular aging: Differential effects on wave reflection and pulse wave velocity. The Anglo-Cardiff Collaborative Trial (ACCT). J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 1753-60.
6. Safar ME, Blacher J, Protogerou A, Achimastos A. Arterial stiffness and central hemodynamics in treated hypertensive subjects according to brachial blood pressure classification. J Hypertens 2008; 26: 130-7
7. Vergnaud AC, Protogerou AD, Blacher J, Safar ME. From 'optimal' to 'borderline' blood pressure in subjects under chronic antihypertensive therapy. J Hypertens 2008; 26: 138-44.
8. Protogerou AD, Blacher J, Stergiou GS, Achimastos A, Safar ME. Blood pressure response under chronic antihypertensive drug therapy: The role of aortic stiffness in the REASON study. J Am Coll Cardiol; in press.
9. Asmar RG, London GM, O'Rourke ME, Safar ME. Improvement in blood pressure, arterial stiffness and wave reflections with a very-low-dose perindopril/indapamide combination in hypertensive patient: A comparison with atenolol. Hypertension 2001; 38: 922-6.
10. Protogerou AD, Papaioannou TG, Blacher J, Papamichael C, Lekakis J, Safar M. Central blood pressure: Do we need them in the management of cardiovascular disease? Is it a feasible therapeutic target? J Hypertens 2007; 25: 265-72.
11. Agabiti-Rosei E, Mancia G, O'Rourke MF, Roman MJ, Safar ME, Smulyan HJ, et al. Central blood pressure measurements and antihypertensive measurements. A consensus document. Hypertension 2007; 50: 154-60.
12. Williams B, Lacy PS, Thom SM, Cruickshank K, Stanton A, Collier D, et al. Differential impact of blood pressure-lowering drugs on central aortic pressure and clinical outcomes: Principal results of the Conduit Artery Function Evaluation (CAFE) study. Circulation 2006; 113: 1213-25.
13. Kroeker E, Wood E. Comparison of simultaneously recorded central and peripheral arterial pressure pulses during rest, exercise and tilted position in men. Circ Res 1955; 3: 623-32.
14. Remington J, Wood E. Formation of the peripheral pulse contour in man. J Appl Physiol 1956; 9: 433-42.
15. Nichols WW, O'Rourke MF. McDonald's Blood flow in Arteries: Theoretical, Experimental and Clinical Principles. 5th ed. London: Edward Arnold 2005; 165-363.
16. Pauca AL, Wallenhaupt SL, Kon ND, Tucker WY. Does radial artery pressure accurately reflect aortic pressure? Chest 1992; 102: 1193-8.
17. Wilkinson IB, Franklin SS, Hall IR, Tyrell S, Cockcroft JR. Pressure amplification explains why pulse pressure in unrelated to risk in young subjects. Hypertension 2001; 38: 1461-6.
18. Protogerou AD, Blacher J, Mavrikakis M, Lekakis J, Safar ME. Increased pulse pressure amplification in treated hypertensive subjects with metabolic syndrome. Am J Hypertens 2007; 20: 127-33.
19. Dhakam Z, McEniery, Yasmin, Cockcroft JR, Brown JR. Wilkinson IB. Atenolol and Eprosartan: Differential effects on central blood pressure and aortic pulse wave velocity. Am J Hypertens 2006; 19: 214-9
20. Bhuiyan AR, Srinivasan SR, Chew W, Paul TK, Berenson GS. Correlates of vascular structure and function measures in asymptomatic young adults. The Bogalusa Heart Study. Atherosclerosis 2006; 189: 1-7.
21. Vlachopoulos C, Dima I, Aznaouridis K, Vasiliadou C, Ioakeimidis N, Aggeli C, et al. Acute systemic inflammation increases arterial stiffness and decrease wave reflections in healthy individuals. Circulation 2005; 112: 2193-200.
22. Mäki-Petäjä KM, Hall FC, Booth AD, Wallace SML, Yasmin, Bearcroft PWP, et al. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with increased aortic pulse wave velocity, which is reduced by anti-tumor necrosis factor-a therapy. Circulation 2006; 114: 1185-92.
23. Protogerou AD, Lekakis J, Ikonomidis I, Stamatelopoulos K, Aznaouridis K, Karatzis E, et al. Pressure wave reflections, central pressures and aortic stiffness in patients with Adamantiades - Behcet's disease: A cross sectional study underlining the role of chronic corticosteroid treatment. Am J Hypertens 2006; 19: 661-7.
24. Papaioannou TG, Karatzi K, Karatzis E, Papamichael C, Lekakis J. Acute effects of caffeine on arterial stiffness, wave reflections, central aortic pressures. Am J Hypertens 2005; 18: 129-36.
25. Blacher J, Protogerou AD, Safar ME. Large artery stiffness and antihypertensive agents. Curr Pharm Des 2005; 11: 3317-26.
26. Mahmud A. Reducing arterial stiffness and wave reflection - Quest of the holly grail? Artery Res 2007; 1: 13-9.
27. Asmar R. Effects of pharmacological intervention an arterial stiffness using pulse wave velocity measurement. J Am Soc Hypertens 2007; 1: 104-12.
28. Vlachopoulos C, Stefanadis C. In: Laurent S, Cockcroft J, Eds. The pharmacodynamics of arterial stiffness. "Central aortic blood pressure", Elsevier 2008; 75-81.
29. Kelly RP, Gibbs HH, O'Rourke MF, Daley JE, Mang K, Morgan JJ, et al. Nitroglycerine has more favorable effects on left ventricular afterload than apparent from measurement of pressure in a peripheral artery. Eur Heart J 1990; 11: 138-44.
30. Hashimoto J, Nichols WW, O'Rourke MF, Imai Y. Association between wasted pressure effort and left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension: influence of arterial wave reflection. Am J Hypertens 2008; 21: 329-33.
31. Safar ME, London GM, for the clinical committee of Arterial Structure and Function, on behalf of the Working Group on Vascular Structure and Function of the European Society of Hypertension. Therapeutic studies and arterial stiffness in hypertension: Recommendations of the European Society of Hypertension. J Hypertens 2000; 18: 1527-35.
32. Kelly RP, Millasseau SC, Ritter JM, Chowienczyk PJ. Vasoactive drugs influence aortic augmentation index independently of pulse wave velocity in healthy men. Hypertension 2001; 37: 1429-33.
33. Stewart AD, Millasseau SC, Kearney MT, Ritter JM, Chowienczyk JP. Effects of inhibition of basal nitric oxide synthesis on carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and augmentation index in humans. Hypertension 2003; 42: 915-8.
34. Safar ME, O'Rourke MF, Eds. Pathophysiological Mechanisms. Arterial stiffness in hypertension: Elsevier 2006; 75-225.
35. Watanabe H, Ohtsuka S, Kakihana M, Sugishita Y. Coronary circulation in dogs with experimental decrease in aortic compliance. J Am Coll Cardiol 1993; 21: 1497-506.
36. Schillaci G, Pirro M, Mannarino MR, Puci G, Savarese G, Frankin SS, et al. Relation between renal function within normal range and central and peripheral arterial stiffness in hypertension. Hypertension 2006; 48: 616-21.
37. Safar ME, Levy BI, Struijker-Boudier HJ. Current perspectives on arterial stiffness and pulse pressure in hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Circulation 2003; 107: 2864-9.
38. O'Rourke MF, Hashimoto J. Mechanical factors in arterial aging. A clinical perspective. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 50: 1-13.
39. Safar ME, Blacher J, Pannier B, Guerin AP, Marchais SJ, Guyonvarc'h PM, et al. Central pulse pressure and mortality in end-stage renal disease. Hypertension 2002; 39: 735-8.
40. Hashimoto J, Imai Y, O'Rourke MF. Indices of pulse wave analysis are better predictors of left ventricular mass reduction than cuff pressure. Am J Hypertens 2007; 20: 378-84.
41. Hashimoto J, Imai Y, O'Rourke MF. Monitoring of antihypertensive therapy for reduction in left ventricular mass. Am J Hypertens 2007; 20: 1229-33.
42. Mancia G, Parati G. Office compared with ambulatory blood pressure in assessing response to antihypertensive treatment: A metaanalysis. J Hypertens 2004; 22: 435-45.
43. Nijdam M-E, Plantinga Y, Hulsen HT, Bos W JW, Grobbee DE, van der Schow YT, et al. Pulse pressure amplification and risk of cardiovascular disease. Am J Hypertens 2008; 21: 388-92.
44. Leone N, Ducimetière P, Gariépy J, Courbon D, Tzourio C, Dartigues JF, et al. Distension of the carotid artery and risk of coronary events: The three-city study. Arterioscler Throm Vasc Biol 2008; 28: 1392-7.
45. Smulyan H, Sheehe PR, Safar ME. A preliminary evaluation of the mean arterial pressure as measured by cuff oscillometry. Am J Hypertens 2008; 21: 166-71.
46. Durukan A, Strbian D, Tatlisumak T. Rodent models of ischemic stroke: A useful tool for stroke drug development. Curr Pharm Des 2008; 14(4): 359-70.
47. Fukunaga H, Ohkubo T, Kobayashi M, Tamaki Y, Kikuya M, Obara T, et al. Cost-effectiveness of the introduction of home blood pressure measurement in patients with office hypertension. J Hypertens 2008; 26(4): 685-90.
48. Paraskevas KI, Mikhailidis DP, Thompson CS. Experimental models for the study of drugs used to prevent and treat vascular diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2008; 14(4): 306-8.