Extracardiac approaches to protecting the heart

European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery

Volumn 35, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 651-657

  Valen, Guro ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

Author keywords

Cell therapy; Cytokines; Gene therapy; Innate immunity; MicroRNA; Nuclear factor kappa B; Preconditioning; Toll like receptors

Indexed keywords

CYTOKINE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; MICRORNA; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CELL TRANSFER; GENE THERAPY; HEART INFARCTION PREVENTION; HEART PROTECTION; HUMAN; INNATE IMMUNITY; ISCHEMIC PRECONDITIONING; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

GENE THERAPY; HUMANS; IMMUNITY, INNATE; ISCHEMIC PRECONDITIONING, MYOCARDIAL; MICRORNAS; PREOPERATIVE CARE; STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; THORACIC SURGICAL PROCEDURES;

EID: 62249123955     PISSN: 10107940     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcts.2008.12.023     Document Type: Review

References (96)

1. Przyklenk K., Bauer B., Ovize M., Kloner R.A., and Whittaker P. Regional ischemic 'preconditioning' protects remote virgin myocardium from subsequent sustained coronary occlusion. Circulation 87 (1993) 893-899
2. Ren C., Gao X., Steinberg G.K., and Zhao H. Limb remote-preconditioning protects against focal ischemia in rats and contradicts the dogma of therapeutic time windows for preconditioning. Neuroscience 151 (2008) 1099-1103
3. Ates E., Genc E., Erkasap N., Erkasap S., Akman S., Firat P., Emre S., and Kiper H. Renal protection by brief liver ischemia in rats. Transplantation 74 (2002) 1247-1251
4. Addison P.D., Neligan P.C., Ashrafpour H., Khan A., Zhong A., Moses M., Forrest M., and Pang C.Y. Noninvasive remote ischemic preconditioning for global protection of skeletal muscle against infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 285 (2003) H1435-H1443
5. Centurion S.A., Centurion L.M., Souza M.E., Gomes M.C., Sankarankutty A.K., Mente E.D., and Castro e Silva O. Effects of ischemic liver preconditioning on hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in the rat. Transplant Proc 39 (2007) 361-364
6. Santos C.H., Gomes O.M., Pontes J.C., Miiji L.N., and Bispo M.A. The ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning effect on the intestinal mucosa of rats undergoing mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion procedure. Acta Cir Bras 23 (2008) 22-28
7. Gho B.C., Schoemaker R.G., van den Doel M.A., Duncker D.J., and Verdouw P.D. Myocardial protection by brief ischemia in noncardiac tissue. Circulation 94 (1996) 2193-2200
8. Oxman T., Arad M., Klein R., Avazov N., and Rabinowitz B. Limb ischemia preconditions the heart against reperfusion tachyarrhythmia. Am J Physiol 273 (1997) H1707-H2112
9. Girn H.R.S., Ahilathirunayagam S., Mavor A.I.D., and Homer-Vanniasinkam S. Reperfusion syndrome: cellular mechanisms of microvascular dysfunction and potential therapeutic strategies. Vasc Endovascular Surg 41 (2007) 277-293
10. Takaoka A., Nakae I., Mitsunami K., Yabe T., Morikawa S., Inubushi T., and Kinoshita M. Renal ischemia/reperfusion remotely improves myocardial energy metabolism during myocardial ischemia via adenosine receptors in rabbits: effects of remote preconditioning. J Am Coll Cardiol 100 (1999) 559-563
11. Dickson E.W., Reinhardt C.P., Renzi F.P., Becker R.C., Porcaro W.A., and Heard S.O. Ischemic preconditioning may be transferable via whole blood transfusion: preliminary evidence. J Thromb Thrombolysis 8 (1999) 123-129
12. Dickson E.W., Blehar D.J., Carraway R.E., Heard S.O., Steinberg G., and Przyklenk K. Naloxone blocks transferred preconditioning in isolated rabbit hearts. J Mol Cell Cardiol 33 (2001) 1751-1756
13. Karikó K., Weissman D., and Welsh F.A. Inhibition of toll-like receptor and cytokine signaling-a unifying theme in ischemic tolerance. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 24 (2004) 1288-1304
14. Ma S., Xiang J., Wu J., and Hu B. Effects of lipoteichoic acid induced delayed preconditioning on ischemia-reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts. Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci 23 (2003) 230-233
15. Otani H. Ischemic preconditioning: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities. Antiox Redox Signal 10 (2008) 207-247
16. Tissier R., Berdeaux A., Ghaleh B., Couvreur N., Krieg T., Cohen M.V., and Downey J. Making the heart resistant to infarction: how can we further decrease infarct size?. Front Biosci 13 (2008) 284-301
17. Ali Z.A., Callaghan C.J., Lim E., Ali A.A., Nouraei S.A., Akthar A.M., Boyle J.R., Varty K., Kharbanda R.K., Dutka D.P., and Gaunt M.E. Remote ischemic preconditioning reduces myocardial and renal injury after elective abdominal aneurysm repair: a randomized controlled trial. Circulation 116 II, Suppl. (2007) I98-I105
18. Hausenloy D.J., Mwamure P.K., Venugopal V., Harris J., Barnard M., Grundy E., Ashley E., Vichare S., DiSalvo C., Kolvekar S., Hayward M., Keogh B., MacAllister R.J., and Yellon D.M. Effect of remote ischaemic preconditioning on myocardial injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Lancet 370 (2007) 575-579
19. Cheung M.M., Kharbanda R.K., Konstantinov I.E., Shimizu M., Frndova H., Holtby H.M., Cox P.N., Smallhorn J.F., Van Arsdell G.S., and Redington A.N. Randomized controlled trial of the effects of remote ischemic preconditioning on children undergoing cardiac surgery: first clinical application in humans. J Am Coll Cardiol 47 (2006) 2277-2282
20. Loukogeorgakis S.P., Williams R., Panagiotidou A.T., Kolvekar S.K., Donald A., Cole T.J., Yellon D.M., Deanfield J.E., and MacAllister R.J. Transient limb ischemia induces remote preconditioning and remote postconditioning in humans by a K(ATP)-channel dependent mechanism. Circulation 116 (2007) 1386-1395
21. Loukogeorgakis S.P., Panagiotidou A.T., Broadhead M.W., Donald A., Deanfield J.E., and MacAllister R.J. Remote ischemic preconditioning provides early and late protection against endothelial ischemia-reperfusion injury in humans: role of the autonomic nervous system. J Am Coll Cardiol 46 (2005) 450-456
22. Valen G., Hinokiyama K., Vedin J., and Vaage J. Preoperative unstable angina causes venous adaptation to surgical graft injury. Basic Res Cardiol 102 (2007) 265-273
23. Li G., Chen S., Lu E., and Luo W. Cardiac ischemic preconditioning improves lung preservation in valve replacement operations. Ann Thorac Surg 71 (2001) 631-635
24. Akira S., and Takeda K. Toll-like receptor signaling. Nat Rev Immunol 4 (2004) 499-511
25. Akira S., Takeda K., and Kaisho T. Toll-like receptors: critical proteins linking innate and acquired immunity. Nat Immunol 2 (2001) 675-680
26. Medzhitov R. Toll-like receptors and innate immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 1 (2001) 135-145
27. Yan Z.Q., and Hansson G.K. Innate immunity, macrophage activation, and atherosclerosis. Immunological reviews 219 (2007) 187-203
28. Hayden M.S., West A.P., and Ghosh S. NF-kappaB and the immune response. Oncogene 25 (2006) 6758-6780
29. Fox I.S. The immune system. In: Fox I.S. (Ed). Human physiology (1994), WC Brown Publishers 424-456
30. Matzinger P. The danger model: a renewed sense of self. Science 296 (2002) 301-305
31. Shi Y., Evans J.E., and Rode K.L. Molecular identification of a danger signal that alerts the immune system to dying cells. Nature 425 (2003) 516-521
32. Frantz S., Ertl G., and Bauersachs J. Mechanisms of disease: Toll-like receptors in cardiovascular disease. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 4 (2007) 444-454
33. Kurdi M., and Booz G.W. Can the protective actions of JAK-STAT in the heart be exploited therapeutically? Passing the regulation of interleukin-6-type cytokine signalling. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 50 (2007) 126-141
34. Fischer P., and Hilfiker-Kleiner D. Survival pathways in hypertrophy and heart failure: the gp130-STAT3 axis. Basic Res Cardiol 102 (2007) 279-297
35. Dawn B., Xuan Y.T., Guo Y., Rezazadeh A., Stein A.B., Hunt G., Wu W.J., Tan W., and Bolli R. IL-6 plays an obligatory role in late preconditioning via JAK-STAT signaling and upregulation of iNOS and COX2. Cardiovasc Res 64 (2004) 61-71
36. Teoh N., Field J., and Farrell G. Interleukin 6 is a key mediator of the hepatoprotective and pro-proliferative effects of ischemic preconditioning in mice. J Hepatol 45 (2006) 20-27
37. Smart N., Mojet M.H., Latchman D.S., Marber M.S., Duchen M.R., and Heads R.J. IL-6 induces PI 3-kinase and nitric oxide-dependent protection and preserves mitochondrial function in cardiomyocytes. Cardiovasc Res 69 (2006) 164-177
38. Sack M.N. Tumor necrosis factor-α in cardiovascular biology and the potential role for anti-tumor necrosis factor-α therapy in heart disease. Pharmacol Ther 94 (2002) 123-135
39. Deuchar G.A., Opie L.H., and Lecour S. TNFa is required to confer protection in an in vivo model of classical ischemic preconditioning. Life Sci 80 (2007) 1686-1691
40. 12 myotubes. Life Sci 79 (2006) 2194-2201
41. Lecour S., Suleman N., Deuchar G.A., Somers S., Lacerda L., Huisamen B., and Opie L.H. Pharmacological preconditioning with tumor necrosis factor 1 alpha activates signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 without involving classic prosurvival kinases. Circulation 112 (2005) 3911-3118
42. Smith R.M., Suleman N., McCarthy J., and Sack M.N. Classic ischemic but not pharmacologic preconditioning is abrogated following genetic ablation of the TNFα gene. Cardiovasc Res 55 (2002) 553-560
43. Suleman N., Somers S., Smith R., Opie L.H., and Lecour S. Dual activation of STAT-3 and Akt is required during the trigger phase of ischemic preconditioning. Cardiovasc Res 79 (2008) 127-133
44. Labruto F., Yang J., Vaage J., and Valen G. Role of tumor necrosis factor alpha and its receptor 1 in preconditioning by hyperoxia. Basic Res Cardiol 100 (2005) 198-207
45. Bigdeli M.R., and Khoshbaten A. In vivo preconditioning with normobaric hyperoxia induces ischemic tolerance partly by triggering tumor necrosis factor a-converting enzyme/tumor necrosis factor-a/nuclear factor kappa B. Neuroscience 153 (2008) 671-678
46. Wang Y., Yin B.L., Liu S., and Xue S. Cardioprotective effect by tumor necrosis factor-a and interleukin-6 through late preconditoning in unstable angina patients. Arch Med Res 38 (2007) 80-85
47. Takeda K., and Akira S. TLR signaling pathways. Semin Immunol 16 (2004) 3-9
48. Frantz S., Kelly R.A., and Bourcier T. Role of TLR-2 in the activation of nuclear factor kappaB by oxidative stress in cardiac myocytes. J Biol Chem 276 (2001) 5197-5203
49. Frantz S., Kobzik L., Kim Y.D., Fukazawa R., Medzhitov R., Lee R.T., and Kelly R.A. Toll4 (TLR4) expression in cardiac myocytes in normal and failing myocardium. J Clin Invest 104 (1999) 271-280
50. Shishido T., Nozaki N., Yamaguchi S., Shibata Y., Nitobe J., Miyamoto T., Takahashi H., Arimoto T., Maeda K., Yamakawa M., Takeuchi O., Akira S., Takeishi Y., and Kubota I. Toll-like receptor-2 modulates ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. Circulation 108 (2003) 2905-2910
51. Favre J., Musette P., Douin-Echinard V., Laude K., Henry J.P., Arnal J.F., Thuillez C., and Richard V. Toll-like receptors 2-deficient mice are protected against postischemic coronary endothelial dysfunction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 27 (2007) 1064-1071
52. Zacharowski K., Frank S., Otto M., Chatterjee P.K., Cuzzocrea S., Hafner G., Pfeilschifter J., and Thiemermann C. Lipoteichoic acid induces delayed protection in the rat heart: a comparison with endotoxin. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 20 (2000) 1521-1528
53. Chong A.J., Shimamoto A., Hampton C.R., Takayama H., Spring D.J., Rothnie C.L., Yada M., Pohlman T.H., and Verrier E.D. Toll-like receptor 4 mediates ischemia/reperfusion injury of the heart. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 128 (2004) 170-179
54. Kim S.C., Ghanem A., and Stapel H. Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency: smaller infarcts, but no gain in function. BMC Physiol 7 (2007) 5-9
55. Oyama J., Blais C., Liu X., Pu M., Kobzik L., Kelley R.A., and Bourcier T. Reduced myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in Toll-like receptor 4-deficient mice. Circulation 109 (2004) 784-789
56. Brown J.M., Grosso M.A., Terada L.S., Whitman G.J., Banerjee A., White C.W., Harken A.H., and Repine J.E. Endotoxin pretreatment increases endogenous myocardial catalase activity and decreases ischemia-reperfusion injury of isolated rat hearts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 86 (1989) 2516-2520
57. Chao W., Shen Y., Zhu X., Zhao H., Novikov M., Schmidt U., and Rosenzweig A. Lipopolysaccharide improve cardiomyocyte survival and function after serum deprivation. J Biol Chem 280 (2005) 21997-22005
58. Song W., Furman B.L., and Parratt J.R. Monophosphoryl lipid A reduces both arrhythmia severity and infarct size in a rat model of ischaemia. Eur J Pharmacol 345 (1998) 285-287
59. Nemeto S., Vallejo J.G., Knuefermann P., Misra A., Defreitas G., Carabello B.A., and Mann D.L. Escherichia coli LPS-induced LV dysfunction: role of Toll-like receptor 4 in the adult heart. Am J Physiol 282 (2002) H2361-H2323
60. Hall G., Hasday J.D., and Rogers T.B. Regulating the regulator: NF-kappaB signaling in the heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 41 (2006) 580-591
61. Jones W.K., Brown M., Wilhide M., He S., and Ren X. NF-kappaB in cardiovascular disease: diverse and specific effects of a "general" transcription factor?. Cardiovasc Toxicol 5 (2005) 183-202
62. Valen G., Yan Z.Q., and Hansson G.K. Nuclear factor kappa-B and the heart. J Am Coll Cardiol 38 (2001) 307-314
63. Chandrasekar B., and Freeman G.L. Induction of nuclear factor kappaB and activation protein 1 in postischemic myocardium. FEBS Lett 401 (1997) 30-34
64. Li C., Browder W., and Kao R.L. Early activation of transcription factor NF-kappaB during ischemia in perfused rat heart. Am J Physiol 276 (1999) H543-H552
65. Li C., Kao R.L., Ha T., Kelley J., Browder I.W., and Williams D.L. Early activation of IKKbeta during in vivo myocardial ischemia. Am J Physiol 280 (2001) H1264-H1271
66. Li G., Labruto F., Sirsjö A., Chen F., Vaage J., and Valen G. Myocardial protection by remote preconditioning: the role of nuclear factor kappa B p105 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 26 (2004) 968-973
67. Maulik N., Sato M., Price B.D., and Das D.K. An essential role of NFkappaB in tyrosine kinase signaling of p38 MAP kinase regulation of myocardial adaptation to ischemia. FEBS Lett 429 (1998) 365-369
68. Morgan E.N., Boyle Jr. E.M., Yun W., Griscavage-Ennis J.M., Farr A.L., Canty Jr. T.G., Pohlman T.H., and Verrier E.D. An essential role for NF-kappaB in the cardioadaptive response to ischemia. Ann Thorac Surg 68 (1999) 377-382
69. Tähepõld P., Vaage J., Starkopf J., and Valen G. Hyperoxia elicits myocardial protection through a nuclear factor kappaB-dependent mechanism in the rat heart. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 125 (2003) 650-660
70. Xuan Y.T., Tang X.L., Banerjee S., Takano H., Li R.C., Han H., Qiu Y., Li J.J., and Bolli R. Nuclear factor-kappaB plays an essential role in the late phase of ischemic preconditioning in conscious rabbits. Circ Res 84 (1999) 1095-1109
71. Valen G., Hansson G.K., Dumitrescu A., and Vaage J. Unstable angina activates myocardial heat shock protein 72, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and transcription factors NFkB and AP-1. Cardiovasc Res 47 (2000) 49-56
72. Hiasa G., Hamada M., Ikeda S., and Hiwada K. Ischemic preconditioning and lipopolysaccharide attenuate nuclear factor kappa B activation and gene expression of inflammatory cytokines in the ischemia-reperfused myocardium. Jpn Circ J 65 (2001) 984-990
73. Dana A., Jonassen A.K., Yamashita N., and Yellon D.M. Adenosine A(1) receptor activation induces delayed preconditioning in rats mediated by manganese superoxide dismutase. Circulation 101 (2000) 2841-2848
74. Guo Y., Jones W.K., Xuan Y.T., Tang X.L., Bao W., Wu W.J., Han H., Laubach V.E., Ping P., Yang Z., Qiu Y., and Bolli R. The late phase of ischemic preconditioning is abrogated by targeted disruption of the inducible NO synthase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96 (1999) 11507-11512
75. Shinmura K., Tang X.L., Wang Y., Xuan Y.T., Liu S.Q., Takano H., Bhatnagar A., and Bolli R. Cyclooxygenase-2 mediates the cardioprotective effects of the late phase of ischemic preconditioning in conscious rabbits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97 (2000) 10197-10202
76. Liem D.A., Honda H.M., Zhang J., Woo D., and Ping P. Past and present course of cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Appl Physiol 103 (2007) 2129-2136
77. Novotny N.M., Ray R., Markel T.A., Crisostomo P.R., Wang M., and Meldrum D.R. Stem cell therapy in myocardial repair and remodelling. J Am Coll Surg 207 (2008) 423-434
78. Beeres S.L.M.A., Atsma D., van Ramshorst J., Schalij M.J., and Bax J.J. Cell therapy for ischemic heart disease. Heart 94 (2008) 1214-1226
79. Atoui R., Shum-Tim D., and Chiu R.C.J. Myocardial regenerative therapy: immunologic basis for the potential universal donor cells. Ann Thorac Surg 86 (2008) 327-334
80. Silva G.V., Livotsky S., Assad J.A., Sousa A.L., Martin B.J., Vela D., Coulter S.C., Lin J., Ober J., Vaughn W.K., Branco R.V., Oliveira E.M., He R., Geng Y.J., Willerson J.T., and Perin E.C. Mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into an endothelial phenotype, enhance vascular density, and improve heart function in a canine chronic ischemia model. Circulation 111 (2005) 150-156
81. Kinnaird T., Stabile E., Burnett M.S., Shou M., Lee C.W., Barr S., Fuchs S., and Epstein S.E. Local delivery of marrow-derived stromal cells augments collateral perfusion through paracrine mechanisms. Circulation 109 (2004) 1543-1549
82. Kochner A.A., Schuster M.D., and Szaboics M.J. Neovascularization of ischemic myocardium by human bone-marrow-derived angioblasts prevents cardiomyocyte apoptosis, reduces remodeling and improves cardiac function. Nat Med 7 (2001) 430-436
83. Murry C.E., Soonpaa M.H., Reinecke H., Nakajima H., Rubart M., Pasumarthi K.B., Virag J.I., Bertelmez S.H., Poppa V., Bradford G., Dowell J.D., Williams D.A., and Field L.J. Haematopoietic stem cells do not transdifferentiate into cardiac myoblasts in myocardial infarcts. Nature 428 (2004) 664-668
84. Vinge L.E., Raake P.W., and Koch W. Gene therapy in heart failure. Circ Res 102 (2008) 1458-1470
85. 2-regulated gene expression: transcriptional control of cardio-respiratory physiology by HIF-1. J Appl Physiol 96 (2004) 1173-1177
86. Isner J.M. Myocardial gene therapy. Nature 415 (2002) 234-239
87. Bish LT, Morine K, Sleeper MM, Sanmiguel J, Wu D, Gao G, Wilson JM, Sweeney L. AAV9 provides global cardiac gene transfer superior to AAV1, AAV6, AAV7, and AAV8 in the mouse and rat. Hum Gene Ther, in press.
88. Zancarelli C., Soltys S., Rengo G., and Rabinowitz J.E. Analysis of AAV serotypes 1-9 mediated expression and tropism in mice after systemic injection. Mol Ther 16 (2008) 1073-1080
89. Mathiesen I., and Lømo T. Electropermeabilization of skeletal muscle enhances gene transfer in vivo. Gene Ther 6 (1999) 508-514
90. Valen G., Martinov V., Sagave J., and Czibik G. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha as a cardioprotective agent. Medimont Int Proc K528C0061 (2008) 87-91
91. Catalucci D., Latronico M.V.G., and Condorelli G. MicroRNAs control gene expression. Importance for cardiac development and pathophysiology. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1123 (2008) 20-29
92. Callis T.W., and Wang D.Z. Taking microRNAs to heart. Trends Mol Med 14 (2008) 254-260
93. Scalbert E., and Bril A. Implication of microRNA in the cardiovascular system. Curr Opin Pharmacol 8 (2008) 181-188
94. Van Rooij E., and Olson E. MicroRNAs: powerful new regulators of heart disease and provocative therapeutic targets. J Clin Invest 117 (2007) 2369-2376
95. Van Rooij E., Sutherland L.B., Qi X., Richardson J.A., Hill J., and Olson E.N. Control of stress-dependent cardiac growth and gene expression by microRNA. Science 316 (2007) 575-579
96. Van Rooij E., Sutherland L.B., Liu W., Williams A.H., McAnally J., Gerard R.D., Richardson J.A., and Olson E.N. A signature pattern of stress-responsive microRNAs that can evoke cardiac hypertrophy and failure. Proc N Y Acad Sci 103 (2006) 416-424