The antiquity of the priestly source: A reply to Joseph Blenkinsopp

Zeitschrift fur die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft

Volumn 111, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 10-22

  Milgrom, Jacob ^a  

^a NONE   (Israel)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 62249100539     PISSN: 00442526     EISSN: 16130103     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1515/zatw.1999.111.1.10     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. An Assessment of the Alleged Pre-exilic Date of the Priestly Material in the Pentateuch, ZAW 108 (1996), 495-518
2. The Religion of Israel, 1960
3. cf. also T. M. Krapf, Die Priesterschrift und die vorexilische Zeit: Yehezkel Kaufmanns vernachlässigter Beitrag zur Geschichte der biblischen Religion, 1992, 210-278
4. Cf. R. Harris, The Journey of the Divine Weapon, AS 16 (1965), 217-24
5. M. S. Dandamaev, Charmowaja Desjatina w Pozdnej Babilonii, VDI 34 (1965), 14-34
6. Studies in Levitical Terminology. The Term 'Aboda, 1970, 82-87
7. Even after I attempted to salvage it, The Term 'Aboda, ibid., 75-76, n. 275
8. Advocated by J. Wellhausen. Prolegomena to the History of Israel. Engl. Transl., 1885, 9
9. and F. M. Cross, Canaanite Myth and Hebrew Epic, 1973, 322-23
10. In contrast, H does not posses this fear. Its only concern is to maintain the purity of the land, and the resident alien - the so-called Canaanite - is permitted to remain on the land and presumably may marry on Israelite is long as he observes all the prohibitive commandments. Tentatively, cf. J. Milgrom, Religious Conversion and the Revolt Model for the Formation of Israel, JBL 101 (1982), 169-76
11. cf. J. Milgrom, Cult and Conscience, 1976, 119-27
12. Cf. S. Talmon, The Judean 'Am Hā'āræscombining dot below in Historical Perspective, Fourth World Congress of Jewish Studies: Papers, vol. 1, 1967, 71-76
13. H. Tadmor, The People and the Kingship in Ancient Israel: The Role of Political Institutions in the Biblical Period, Journal of World History 11 (1968), 3-23
14. So J. Joosten, The People and the Land in the Holiness Code, 1996, 42-47
15. Cf. J. Weinberg, The Citizen-Temple Community, Transl, by D. L. Smith-Christopher, JSOT.S 151, 1992, 62-74
16. For a summary of past views, see M. Burrows, The Literary Relations of Ezekiel, 1925
17. Cf. I. Knohl, The Sanctuary (n. 7), 1995, 214-18
18. Their purpose is to protect the widowed or divorced wife from male aggression; cf. J. R. Ziskind, Legal Rules on Incest in the Ancient Near East, RIDA 35 (1988), 79-107
19. J. Milgrom, Does H Advocate the Centralization of Worship? JSOT (forthcoming)
20. M. Fishbane, Biblical Interpretation in Ancient Israel, 1985, 58-63
21. ele 'āh« Encyclopedia Miqra 'it 4 [1962] 975)
22. so Y. Kutscher, Regarding the Biblical Lexicon, Leš. 21 (1956-57), 253-54 (Hebrew), indicating that the entire crop of this overcultivated field is forfeit to the sanctuary
23. As correctly noted by Blenkinsopp, Deuteronomy (n. 22), 4
24. Cf. also L. Stulman, Sex and Familial Crimes in the D Code: A Witness to Mores in Transition, JSOT 53 (1992), 47-64
25. Cf. S. Poznanski, Kommentar zu Ezechiel und den XII Propheten von Eliezer aus Beaugancy, 1913
26. Cf. also F. Buhl, Die socialen Verhältnisse der Israeliten, 1899, 98, n. 2
27. E. Neufeld, The prohibitions Against Loans at Interest in Ancient Hebrew Law, HUCA 26 (1955), 355-57
28. E. A. Speiser, Leviticus and the Critics, Yehezkel Kaufmann Jubilee Volume, ed. M. Haran, 1960, 44
29. S. E. Loewenstamm, nšk and m/trbyt, JBL 88 (1969), 79
30. cf. H. Gamoran, The Biblical Law Against Loans on Interest, JNES 38 (1971), 11-22
31. I. L. Seeligmann, Lending, Pledge and Interest in Biblical Law and Biblical Thought, Studies in Bible and the Ancient Near East (Loewenstamm FS), ed. I. Avishur and J. Blau, 1978, 183-206, 209-20 (Hebrew)
32. Fishbane, Biblical (n. 27), 175-76
33. E. Neufeld, Socio-Economic Background of Yōbēl and Šěmitcombining dot belowtcombining dot belowâ, RSO 33 (1958), 68
34. cf. S. R. Driver, Deuteronomy, ICC, 1895, 178
35. As pointed out by S. Japhet, The Relationship Between the Legal Corpora in the pentateuch in Light of Manumission Laws, Studies in Bible, ed. S. Japhet, 1986, 83, the reference to śākîr 〉hireling〈 in H is essential to its theology and argumentation, whereas in D it is totally irrelevant
36. Cf. M. Weinfeld, Deuteronomy and the Deuteronomic School, 1972, 123-26
37. Cf. J. Joosten, The People and the Land in the Holiness Code, 1996, 159-60
38. Cf. H. W. Wolff, Das Kerygma des deuteronomistischen Geschichtswerk, ZAW 73 (1961), 181
39. A. Rofé, The Covenant in the Land of Moab (Dt. 28,69-30,20), Das Deuteronomium, ed. N. Lohfink, 1985, 311-12
40. Cf. M. Weinfeld, Deuteronomy 1-11, AB 5, 1991, 216
41. Cf. now Joosten, The People (n. 40), 200-203; I disagree, however, with his conclusion
42. A conclusion reached by A. Dillmann merely on the basis of point a, Die Bücher Numeri, Deuteronomium und Joshua, 2nd ed., 1886, ad loc
43. Cf. Knohl, Sanctuary (n. 7), throughout; Milgrom, Leviticus 1-16 (n. 9), 3-34
44. Which I alluded to in Leviticus 1-16 (n. 9), 14-15
45. Cf. J. Milgrom, Numbers, 1990, 463-67