Object avoidance during locomotion

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

Volumn 629, Issue , 2009, Pages 293-315

  McVea, David A ^a   Pearson, Keir G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ASSOCIATION CORTEX; BODY EQUILIBRIUM; BODY POSTURE; CEREBELLUM; EYE MOVEMENT; HINDLIMB; HUMAN; LEG MOVEMENT; LOCOMOTION; MEMORY CONSOLIDATION; MOTOR CONTROL; MOTOR CORTEX; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; NERVE CELL NETWORK; NEUROBIOLOGY; NEUROMODULATION; NONHUMAN; OBJECT AVOIDANCE; OPTIC FLOW; POSTERIOR PARIETAL CORTEX; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SENSORIMOTOR FUNCTION; SHORT TERM MEMORY; SPATIAL MEMORY; SPINAL CORD; SUPRASYLVIAN GYRUS; VISUAL FEEDBACK; VISUAL INFORMATION; VISUAL MEMORY; WALKING; ANIMAL; AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; BRAIN; CAT; EFFERENT NERVE; LEG; MEMORY; PHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; REVIEW; VISION;

ANIMALIA;

ANIMALS; AVOIDANCE LEARNING; BRAIN; CATS; EFFERENT PATHWAYS; HUMANS; LEG; LOCOMOTION; MEMORY; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; MODELS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; MOTOR CORTEX; NERVE NET; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; SPINAL CORD; VISUAL PERCEPTION; WALKING;

EID: 61949375795     PISSN: 00652598     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-77064-2_15     Document Type: Article

References (90)

1. Adkins RJ, Cegnar MR and Rafuse DD. Differential effects of lesions of the anterior and posterior sigmoid gyri in cats. Brain Res. 30(2):411-414, 1971.
2. and ersen RA and Buneo CA. Sensorimotor integration in posterior parietal cortex. Adv. Neurol. 93:159-177, 2003.
3. and ersen RA and Buneo CA. Intentional maps in posterior parietal cortex. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 25:189-220, 2002. (Pubitemid 34748016)
4. and ujar JE and Drew T. Organization of posterior parietal projections to the forelimb and hindlimb representations in the motor cortex of the cat: A retrograde tracer study. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 288. 13, 2005.
5. Armstrong DM and Drew T. Forelimb electromyographic responses to motor cortex stimulation during locomotion in the cat. J. Physiol. 367:327-351, 1985.
6. Armstrong DM and Drew T. Discharges of pyramidal tract and other motor cortical neurones during locomotion in the cat. J. Physiol. 346:471-495, 1984. (Pubitemid 14059565)
7. Armstrong DM and Marple-Horvat DE. Role of the cerebellum and motor cortex in the regulation of visually controlled locomotion. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 74(4):443-455, 1996. (Pubitemid 26261954)
8. Assaiante C, Marchand AR and Amblard B. Discrete visual samples may control locomotor equilibrium and foot positioning in man. J. Mot. Behav. 21(1):72-91, 1989. (Pubitemid 19108638)
9. Avendano C, Rausell E, Perez-Aguilar D and Isorna S. Organization of the association cortical afferent connections of area 5: A retrograde tracer study in the cat. J. Comp. Neurol. 278(1):1-33, 1988. (Pubitemid 19012351)
10. Avendano C, Rausell E and Reinoso-Suarez F. Thalamic projections to areas 5a and 5b of the parietal cortex in the cat: A retrograde horseradish peroxidase study. J. Neurosci. 5(6):1446-1470, 1985. (Pubitemid 15041461)
11. Babb RS, Waters RS and Asanuma H. Corticocortical connections to the motor cortex from the posterior parietal lobe (areas 5a, 5b, 7) in the cat demonstrated by the retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase. Exp. Brain Res. 54(3):476-484, 1984. (Pubitemid 14110227)
12. Beloozerova IN and Sirota MG. Role of motor cortex in control of locomotion. In: Stance and Motion: Facts and Concepts, edited by Gurfinkel VS, Ioffe ME, Massion J and Roll JP. New York: Prenum Press, 1986, pp. 163-176.
13. Beloozerova IN and Sirota MG. Integration of motor and visual information in the parietal area 5 during locomotion. J. Neurophysiol. 90(2):961-971, 2003. (Pubitemid 37092581)
14. Beloozerova IN and Sirota MG. The role of the motor cortex in the control of accuracy of locomotor movements in the cat. J. Physiol. 461:1-25, 1993. (Pubitemid 23104375)
15. Bretzner F and Drew T. Motor cortical modulation of cutaneous reflex responses in the hindlimb of the intact cat. J. Neurophysiol. 94(1):673-687, 2005. (Pubitemid 40923277)
16. Brustein E and Rossignol S. Recovery of locomotion after ventral and ventrolateral spinal lesions in the cat. I. Deficits and adaptive mechanisms. J. Neurophysiol. 80(3):1245-1267, 1998. (Pubitemid 28495724)
17. Buneo CA and Andersen RA. The posterior parietal cortex: Sensorimotor interface for the planning and online control of visually guided movements. Neuropsychologia 44(13):2594-2606, 2005.
18. Capaday C. Neurophysiological methods for studies of the motor system in freely moving human subjects. J. Neurosci. Methods 74(2):201-218, 1997. (Pubitemid 27288274)
19. Colby CL and Goldberg ME. Space and attention in parietal cortex. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 22:319-349, 1999. (Pubitemid 29144891)
20. Dietz V and Duysens J. Significance of load receptor input during locomotion: A review. Gait Posture 11(2):102-110, 2000. (Pubitemid 30169268)
21. Donelan JM and Pearson KG. Contribution of sensory feedback to ongoing ankle extensor activity during the stance phase of walking. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 82(8-9):589-598, 2004. (Pubitemid 40065104)
22. Drew T. Motor cortical cell discharge during voluntary gait modification. Brain Res. 457:181-187, 1988.
23. Drew T. Motor cortical activity during voluntary gait modifications in the cat. I. Cells related to the forelimbs. J. Neurophysiol. 70(1):179-199, 1993. (Pubitemid 23220308)
24. * Drew T. Visuomotor coordination in locomotion. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 1(4):652-657, 1991.
25. Drew T, Dubuc R and Rossignol S. Discharge patterns of reticulospinal and other reticular neurons in chronic, unrestrained cats walking on a treadmill. J. Neurophysiol. 55(2):375-401, 1986. (Pubitemid 16102858)
26. Drew T, Jiang W, Kably B and Lavoie S. Role of the motor cortex in the control of visually triggered gait modifications. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 74(4):426-442, 1996. (Pubitemid 26261953)
27. * Drew T, Jiang W and Widajewicz W. Contributions of the motor cortex to the control of the hindlimbs during locomotion in the cat. Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev. 40(1-3):178-191, 2002. (Pubitemid 36183168)
28. Drew T, Prentice S and Schepens B. Cortical and brainstem control of locomotion. Prog. Brain Res. 143:251-261, 2004. (Pubitemid 37443000)
29. Drew T and Rossignol S. Phase-dependent responses evoked in limb muscles by stimulation of medullary reticular formation during locomotion in thalamic cats. J. Neurophysiol. 52(4):653-675, 1984. (Pubitemid 14008898)
30. Earhart GM, Horak FB, Jones GM, Block EW, Weber KD, Suchowersky O and Fletcher WA. Is the cerebellum important for podokinetic adaptation? Ann. NY. Acad. Sci. 978:511-512, 2002. (Pubitemid 36127139)
31. Elliott D. Continuous visual information may be important after all: A failure to replicate Thomson (1983). J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 12(3):388-391, 1986.
32. Fabre M and Buser P. Effects of lesioning the anterior suprasylvian cortex on visuo-motor guidance performance in the cat. Exp. Brain Res. 41(2):81-88, 1981. (Pubitemid 11163281)
33. Fiset S and Dore FY. Duration of cats' (Felis catus) working memory for disappearing objects. Anim. Cogn. 31:1-9, 2005.
34. Fowler GA and Sherk H. Gaze during visually-guided locomotion in cats. Behav. Brain Res. 139(1-2):83-96, 2003. (Pubitemid 36298494)
35. Georgopoulos AP and Ashe J. One motor cortex, two different views. Nat. Neurosci. 3(10):963; author reply 964-965, 2000.
36. Ghosh S. Comparison of the cortical connections of areas 4gamma and 4 delta in the cat cerebral cortex. J. Comp. Neurol. 388(3):371-396, 1997. (Pubitemid 27467994)
37. Gibson JJ. Visually controlled locomotion and visual orientation in animals. Br. J. Psychol. 49(3):182-194, 1958.
38. Graziano MSA and Botvinick MM. How the brain represents the body: Insights from neurophysiology and psychology. Attention Perform 19:136-157, 2002.
39. Graziano MS, Cooke DF and Taylor CS. Coding the location of the arm by sight. Science 290(5497):1782-1786, 2000. (Pubitemid 32004812)
40. Grillner S. Possible analogies in the control of innate motor acts and the production of sound in speech. In: Speech Motor Control, edited by Grillner S. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1982, pp. 217-229.
41. Hollands MA, Marple-Horvat DE, Henkes S and Rowan AK. Human Eye Movements During Visually Guided Stepping. J. Mot. Behav. 27(2):155-163, 1995.
42. Jiang W and Drew T. Effects of bilateral lesions of the dorsolateral funiculi and dorsal columns at the level of the low thoracic spinal cord on the control of locomotion in the adult cat. I. Treadmill walking. J. Neurophysiol. 76(2):849-866, 1996. (Pubitemid 26287257)
43. Kably B and Drew T. Corticoreticular pathways in the cat. II. Discharge activity of neurons in area 4 during voluntary gait modifications. J. Neurophysiol. 80(1):406-424, 1998. (Pubitemid 28326272)
44. Kakei S, Futami T and Shinoda Y. Projection pattern of single corticocortical fibers from the parietal cortex to the motor cortex. Neuroreport 7(14):2369-2372, 1996. (Pubitemid 26377798)
45. Kakei S and Shinoda Y. Parietal projection of thalamocortical fibers from the ventroanteriorventrolateral complex of the cat thalamus. Neurosci. Lett. 117(3):280-284, 1990. (Pubitemid 20291617)
46. Kakei S, Yagi J, Wannier T, Na J and Shinoda Y. Cerebellar and cerebral inputs to corticocortical and corticofugal neurons in areas 5 and 7 in the cat. J. Neurophysiol. 74(1):400-412, 1995.
47. * Kalaska JF. Parietal cortex area 5 and visuomotor behavior. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 74(4):483-498, 1996. (Pubitemid 26261958)
48. Kalaska JF and Crammond DJ. Deciding not to GO: Neuronal correlates of response selection in a GO/NOGO task in primate premotor and parietal cortex. Cereb. Cortex 5(5):410-428, 1995.
49. Kalaska JF and Drew T. Motor cortex and visuomotor behavior. Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev. 21:397-436, 1993.
50. Kalaska JF, Scott SH, Cisek P and Sergio LE. Cortical control of reaching movements. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 7(6):849-859, 1997. (Pubitemid 28052310)
51. Kawamura K. Corticortical fiber connections of the cat cerebrum. II. The parietal region. Brain Res. 51:23-40, 1973.
52. Lacquaniti F, Guigon E, Bianchi L, Ferraina S and Caminiti R. Representing spatial information for limb movement: Role of area 5 in the monkey. Cereb. Cortex 5(5):391-409, 1995.
53. Lajoie K and Drew T. The contribution of the posterior parietal cortex to the control of visually guided locomotion in the cat: A lesion study. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 287. 23, 2005.
54. Lajoie K and Drew T. Lesions in area 5 of the posterior parietal cortex in the cat produce errors in the accuracy of paw placement during visually-guided locomotion. J. Neurophysiol. 97:2339-2354, 2007. (Pubitemid 46411164)
55. Lajoie K, and ujar J, Pearson KG and Drew T. Persistent neuronal activity in posterior parietal cortex area 5 related to long-lasting memories of obstacles in walking cats. Soc. Neurosci. Abst. 37:397.8, 2007.
56. Lavoie S, McFadyen B and Drew T. A kinematic and kinetic analysis of locomotion during voluntary gait modification in the cat. Exp. Brain Res. 106(1):39-56, 1995.
57. Liddell EGT and Phillips CG. Pyramidal section in the cat. Brain 67:1-9, 1944.
58. Marple-Horvat de and Criado JM. Rhythmic neuronal activity in the lateral cerebellum of the cat during visually guided stepping. J. Physiol. 518(Pt 2):595-603, 1999. (Pubitemid 29366754)
59. Marple-Horvat DE, Criado JM and Armstrong DM. Neuronal activity in the lateral cerebellum of the cat related to visual stimuli at rest, visually guided step modification, and saccadic eye movements. J. Physiol. 506(Pt 2):Pt 2:489-514, 1998. (Pubitemid 28048375)
60. * McVea DA and Pearson KG. Long-lasting memories of obstacles guide leg movements in the walking cat. J. Neurosci. 26(4):1175-1178, 2006. (Pubitemid 43237050)
61. McVea DA and Pearson KG. Stepping of the forelegs over obstacles establishes long-lasting memories in cats. Curr. Biol. 17:R621-623, 2007. (Pubitemid 47259375)
62. Mori S, Matsuyama K, Kohyama J, Kobayashi Y and Takakusaki K. Neuronal constituents of postural and locomotor control systems and their interactions in cats. Brain Dev. 14 Suppl: S109-20, 1992.
63. Morton SM, Dordevic GS and Bastian AJ. Cerebellar damage produces context-dependent deficits in control of leg dynamics during obstacle avoidance. Exp. Brain Res. 156(2):149-163, 2004. (Pubitemid 38626473)
64. Patla AE. How is human gait controlled by vision? Ecol Psychol 10(3-4):287-302, 1998. (Pubitemid 128530993)
65. * Patla AE. Understanding the roles of vision in the control of human locomotion. Gait Posture 5:54-69, 1997. (Pubitemid 27129976)
66. Patla AE, Adkin A, Martin C, Holden R and Prentice S. Characteristics of voluntary visual sampling of the environment for safe locomotion over different terrains. Exp. Brain Res. 112(3):513-522, 1996. (Pubitemid 27010803)
67. Patla AE and Greig M. Any way you look at it, successful obstacle negotiation needs visually guided on-line foot placement regulation during the approach phase. Neurosci. Lett. 397(1-2):110-114, 2006. (Pubitemid 43340469)
68. Patla AE, Prentice SD, Robinson C and Neufeld J. Visual control of locomotion: Strategies for changing direction and for going over obstacles. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 17(3):603-634, 1991.
69. Patla AE and Vickers JN. How far ahead do we look when required to step on specific locations in the travel path during locomotion? Exp. Brain Res. 148(1):133-138, 2003. (Pubitemid 35435803)
70. Patla AE and Vickers JN. Where and when do we look as we approach and step over an obstacle in the travel path? Neuroreport 8(17):3661-3665, 1997. (Pubitemid 28004852)
71. Prentice SD and Drew T. Contributions of the reticulospinal system to the postural adjustments occurring during voluntary gait modifications. J. Neurophysiol. 85(2):679-698, 2001. (Pubitemid 32147770)
72. Rauschecker JP, von Grunau MW and Poulin C. Centrifugal organization of direction preferences in the cat's lateral suprasylvian visual cortex and its relation to flow field processing. J. Neurosci. 7(4):943-958, 1987. (Pubitemid 17055339)
73. Robinson FR, Cohen JL, May J, Sestokas AK and Glickstein M. Cerebellar targets of visual pontine cells in the cat. J. Comp. Neurol. 223(4):471-482, 1984. (Pubitemid 14165199)
74. Rossignol S. Locomotion and its recovery after spinal injury in animal models. Neurorehabil. Neural Repair 16(2):201-206, 2002. (Pubitemid 34734266)
75. Rossignol S and Dubuc R. Spinal pattern generation. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 4(6):894-902, 1994.
76. * Rossignol S, Dubuc R and Gossard JP. Dynamic sensorimotor interactions in locomotion. Physiol. Rev. 86(1):89-154, 2006.
77. Sasaki K, Matsuda Y, Kawaguchi S and Mizuno N. On the cerebello-thalamo-cerebral pathway for the parietal cortex. Exp. Brain Res. 16(1):89-103, 1972.
78. Scott SH. The role of primary motor cortex in goal-directed movements: Insights from neurophysiological studies on non-human primates. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 13(6):671-677, 2003. (Pubitemid 37518453)
79. Scott SH. Role of motor cortex in coordinating multi-joint movements: Is it time for a new paradigm? Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 78(11):923-933, 2000.
80. Scott SH, Sergio LE and Kalaska JF. Reaching movements with similar hand paths but different arm orientations. II. Activity of individual cells in dorsal premotor cortex and parietal area 5. J. Neurophysiol. 78(5):2413-2426, 1997. (Pubitemid 27495469)
81. Sherk H and Fowler GA. Lesions of extrastriate cortex and consequences for visual guidance during locomotion. Exp. Brain Res. 144(2):159-171, 2002. (Pubitemid 34492668)
82. Sherk H and Fowler GA. Neural analysis of visual information during locomotion. Prog. Brain Res. 134:247-264, 2001a.
83. Sherk H and Fowler GA. Visual analysis and image motion in locomoting cats. Eur. J. Neurosci. 13(6):1239-1248, 2001b. (Pubitemid 32275761)
84. Steenhuis RE and Goodale MA. The effects of time and distance on accuracy of targetdirected locomotion: Does an accurate short-term memory for spatial location exist? J. Mot. Behav. 20(4):399-415, 1988. (Pubitemid 19060201)
85. Symonds LL, Rosenquist AC, Edwards SB and Palmer LA. Projectionsof the pulvinar-lateral posterior complex to visual cortical areas in the cat. Neuroscience 6(10):1995-2020, 1981. (Pubitemid 11000156)
86. Thomson JA. Is continuous visual monitoring necessary in visually guided locomotion? J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 9(3):427-443, 1983.
87. Ung RV, Imbeault MA, Ethier C, Brizzi L and Capaday C. On the potential role of the corticospinal tract in the control and progressive adaptation of the soleus h-reflex during backward walking. J. Neurophysiol. 94(2):1133-1142, 2005. (Pubitemid 41061354)
88. Whelan PJ. Control of locomotion in the decerebrate cat. Prog. Neurobiol. 49(5):481-515, 1996. (Pubitemid 26312774)
89. Widajewicz W, Kably B and Drew T. Motor cortical activity during voluntary gait modifications in the cat. II. Cells related to the hindlimbs. J. Neurophysiol. 72(5):2070-2089, 1994. (Pubitemid 24362610)
90. Wilkinson EJ and Sherk HA. The use of visual information for planning accurate steps in a cluttered environment. Behav. Brain Res. 164(2):270-274, 2005. (Pubitemid 41337882)