The management of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery

Heart

Volumn 95, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 422-429

  Rho, Robert W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMIODARONE; ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENT; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ATENOLOL; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CARVEDILOL; CIMETIDINE; DIGOXIN; DILTIAZEM; ESMOLOL; FENTANYL; FIBRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; HEPARIN; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; MACROLIDE; METOPROLOL; METOPROLOL TARTRATE; MEVINOLIN; PHENYTOIN; PLACEBO; PYRROLE DERIVATIVE; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; SIMVASTATIN; SOTALOL; THEOPHYLLINE; TIMOLOL; UNINDEXED DRUG; VERAPAMIL; WARFARIN;

ANTICOAGULATION; CARDIOVERSION; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTINUOUS INFUSION; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG COST; DRUG DOSE TITRATION; DRUG METABOLISM; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; HEART ATRIUM FIBRILLATION; HEART SURGERY; HOSPITAL COST; HUMAN; HYPOTENSION; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR;

ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS; ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS; ANTICOAGULANTS; ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS; ELECTRIC COUNTERSHOCK; HUMANS; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 61949141344     PISSN: 13556037     EISSN: 1468201X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2007.132795     Document Type: Review

References (14)

1. Mathew JP, Fontes ML, Tudor IC, et al. A multicenter risk index for atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. JAMA 2004;291:1720-9. ▶ A large, multicentre, international study demonstrating clinical factors associated with increased risk of postoperative AF and its consequences.
2. Zaman AG, Archbold A, Helft G, et al. Atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery: a model for preoperative risk stratification. Circulation 2000;101:1403-8. ▶ This study demonstrated that, along with age, a signal average P wave duration of >155 ms was associated with a higher incidence of postoperative AF.
3. Rho RW, Page RL. Biphasic versus monophasic shock waveform for the conversion of atrial fibrillation. Card Electrophysiol Rev 2003;7:290-1. ▶ A review of the data on the comparative efficacy of defibrillation using monophasic versus biphasic shock waveforms.
4. Delle KG, Geppert A, Neunteufl T, et al. Amiodarone versus diltiazem for rate control in critically ill patients with atrial tachyarrhythmias. Crit Care Med 2001;29:1149-53. ▶ Intravenous amiodarone is an effective rate controlling agent among critically ill patients compared to intravenous diltiazem.
5. Burgess DC, Kilborn MJ, Keech AC. Interventions for the prevention of post-operative atrial fibrillation and its complications after cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2006;27:2846-57.
6. Fuster V, Rydén LE, Cannom DS, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;48;e149-246. ▶ The 2006 guidelines for the management of AF which include evidence of agents efficacious in primary and secondary prevention of postoperative AF.
7. Daoud EG, Stricker SA, Ching Man K, et al. Preoperative amiodarone as prophylaxis against atrial fibrillation after heart surgery. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1785-91. ▶ A randomised study demonstrating that oral amiodarone (600 mg/day) started a minimum of 7 days preoperatively and continued at 200 mg per day postoperatively until discharge significantly reduced the incidence of postoperative AF after cardiac surgery. 57% of patients in this study had concomitant valve surgery.
8. Mitchell LB, Exner DV, Wyse GD, et al. Prophylactic oral amiodarone for the prevention of arrhythmias that begin early after revascularization, valve replacement or repair. PAPABEAR: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2005;294:3093-100. ▶ A randomised study demonstrating a significant reduction in postoperative AF with 13 days of amiodarone initiated 6 days preoperatively. A significant reduction in AF was demonstrated in several subsets of patients including young patients, elderly patients (>65 years), and patients on BBs. All patients had valve surgery with or without coronary artery bypass grafting.
9. White MC, Caron MF, Kalus JS, et al. Intravenous plus oral amiodarone, atrial septal pacing, or both strategies to prevent post-cardiothoracic surgery atrial fibrillation: the Atrial Fibrillation Suppression Trial II (AFIST II). Circulation 2003;108:II-200-6. ▶ This study demonstrated that intravenous amiodarone initiated within 6 h after cardiac surgery and continued for 4 days postoperatively (total dose 4800 mg intravenously) significantly decreased the incidence of postoperative AF. No significant difference in AF was noted with bi-atrial pacing.
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12. Patti G, Chello M, Candura D, et al. Randomized trial of atorvastatin for reduction of postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: results of the ARMYDA-3 study. Circulation 2006;114:1455-61.
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