Gel production, oxidative degradation and dielectric properties of isotactic polypropylene irradiated under various atmospheres

Polymer Degradation and Stability

Volumn 94, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 521-526

  Suljovrujic, E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE   (Serbia)

Author keywords

Cross linking; Dielectric properties; Gamma irradiation; Oxidative degradation; Polypropylene

Indexed keywords

ACETYLENE; CERAMIC CAPACITORS; DEGRADATION; DEIONIZED WATER; DIELECTRIC LOSSES; DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES; DIELECTRIC RELAXATION; GAMMA RAYS; GELATION; GELS; INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; IRRADIATION; LIGHTING; OXYGEN; POLYPROPYLENES; THERMOPLASTICS;

CROSS-LINKING; EVOLUTION OF OXYGENS; FREQUENCY RANGES; GAMMA IRRADIATION; ISOTACTIC POLY(PROPYLENE) (IPP); ISOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENES; LOW TEMPERATURES; NETWORK FORMATIONS; NON-POLAR; OXIDATIVE DEGRADATION; POLAR GROUPS; RELAXATION MEASUREMENTS; SOL-GEL ANALYSIS; SPECTROSCOPY MEASUREMENTS; STRUCTURE AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES; TRACER GROUPS; VARIOUS ATMOSPHERES;

RADIATION;

EID: 61849087351     PISSN: 01413910     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.01.029     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Dole M. The radiation chemistry of macromolecules vol. 1 (1972), Academic Press, New York-London
2. Dole M. The radiation chemistry of macromolecules vol. 2 (1973), Academic Press, New York
3. In: Singh A., and Silverman J. (Eds). Radiation processing of polymers (1991), Hanser Publishers, Munich
4. Setnescu R., Jipa S., Setnescu T., Podina C., and Osawa Z. Chemiluminescence study on the oxidation of several polyolefins: II. Chemiluminescence from γ-irradiated polymers. Polymer Degradation and Stability 61 1 (1998) 109-117
5. Mark E.J. Physical properties of polymers handbook (1996), American Institute of Physics, Woodbury, New York
6. Chapiro A. Radiation chemistry of polymeric systems (high polymers S.) (1962), Interscience Publishers, John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York and London
7. Black R.M., and Lyons B.J. Effect of high-energy radiation on polypropylene. Nature 180 4598 (1957) 1346-1347
8. Black R.M., and Lyons B.J. Radiation-induced changes in the structure of polypropylene. Proceedings of Royal Society of London Series A A235 1274 (1959) 322-330
9. Schnabel W., and Dole M. Radiation chemistry of isotactic and atactic polypropylene. I. Gas evolution and gel studies. Journal of Physical Chemistry 67 2 (1963) 295-299
10. Gao J., Lu Y., Wei G., Zhang X., Liu Y., and Qiao J. Effect of radiation on the crosslinking and branching of polypropylene. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 85 8 (2002) 1758-1764
11. Krause B., Haußler L., and Voigt D. Comparison of the molecular properties and morphology of polypropylenes irradiated under different atmospheres and after annealing. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 100 1 (2006) 634-639
12. Auhl D., Stange J., Munstedt H., Krause B., Voigt D., Lederer A., et al. Long-chain branched polypropylenes by electron beam irradiation and their rheological properties. Macromolecules 37 25 (2004) 9465-9472
13. Nishimoto S., and Kagya T. Handbook of polymer degradation (1993), Marcel Dekker, New York
14. Fintzou A.T., Badeka A.V., Kontominas M.G., and Riganakos K.A. Changes in physicochemical and mechanical properties of γ-irradiated polypropylene syringes as a function of irradiation dose. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 75 1 (2006) 87-97
15. Fintzou A.T., Kontominas M.G., Badeka A.V., Stahl M.R., and Riganakos K.A. Effect of electron-beam and gamma-irradiation on physicochemical and mechanical properties of polypropylene syringes as a function of irradiation dose: study under vacuum. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 76 7 (2007) 1147-1155
16. Hegazy E.-S.A., Seguchi T., Arakawa K., and Machi S. Radiation-induced oxidative degradation of isotactic polypropylene. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 4 (1981) 1361-1372
17. Hegazy E.-S.A., Zahran A.H., Al-Diab S.S., and Salama J. Radiation effect on stabilized polypropylene. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 27 2 (1986) 139-144
18. Genshuan W., Jinliang Q., Xuan H., Fengru Z., and Jilan W. Research on radiation stability of polypropylene. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 52 1-6 (1998) 237-241
19. Lugao A.B., Artel B.W.H., Yoshiga A., Lima L.F.C.P., Parra D.F., Bueno J.R., et al. Production of high melt strength polypropylene by gamma irradiation. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 76 11-12 (2007) 1691-1695
20. Sawasaki T., and Nojiri A. Radiation crosslinking of polypropylene. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 31 4-6 (1987) 877-886
21. Han D.H., Shin S.-H., and Petrov S. Crosslinking and degradation of polypropylene by electron beam irradiation in the presence of trifunctional monomers. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 69 3 (2004) 239-244
22. Faucitano A., Buttafava A., Mongini G., Martinotti F., Berzero A., and Strada L. Radiation induced oxidation of isotactic polypropylene and mechanism of action of HALS stabilizers. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 48 1 (1996) 127-128
23. Faucitano A., Buttafava A., Mayer J., Banford H., and Fouracre R.A. ESR study of the effects of a charge scavenger on the radiolysis of isotactic polypropylene. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 54 2 (1999) 195-197
24. Mishra R., Tripathy S.P., Dwivedi K.K., Khathing D.T., Ghosh S., Müller M., et al. Electron induced modification in polypropylene. Radiation Measurements 33 6 (2001) 845-850
25. Krupa I., and Luyt A.S. Thermal properties of isotactic polypropylene degraded with gamma irradiation. Polymer Degradation and Stability 72 (2001) 505-508
26. Zhang X.C., and Cameron R.E. The morphology of irradiated isotactic polypropylene. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 74 9 (1999) 2234-2242
27. Radwan R.M. Electron induced modifications in the optical properties of polypropylene. Journal of Physics D Applied Physics 40 2 (2007) 374-379
28. Lugao A.B., Otaguro H., Parra D.F., Yoshiga A., Lima L.F.C.P., Artel B.W.H., et al. Review on the production process and uses of controlled rheology polypropylene-Gamma radiation versus electron beam processing. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 76 11-12 (2007) 1688-1690
29. Yagoubi N., Peron R., Legendre B., Grossiord J.L., and Ferrier D. Gamma and electron beam radiation induced physico-chemical modifications of poly(propylene). Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 151 1-4 (1999) 247-254
30. Lugao A.B., Hutzler B., Ojeda T., Tokumoto S., Siemens R., Makuuchi K., et al. Reaction mechanism and rheological properties of polypropylene irradiated under various atmospheres. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 57 3-6 (2000) 389-392
31. Valenza A., Piccarolo S., and Spadaro G. Influence of morphology and chemical structure on the inverse response of polypropylene to gamma radiation under vacuum. Polymer 40 4 (1999) 835-841
32. Jones R.A., Cail J.I., Stepto R.F.T., and Ward I.M. Atomistic and Flory-Stockmayer analyses of irradiated i-PP gel fractions and comparison with results from PE. Macromolecules 33 20 (2000) 7337-7344
33. Stojanovic Z., Kacarevic-Popovic Z., Galovic S., Milicevic D., and Suljovrujic E. Crystallinity changes and melting behavior of the uniaxially oriented iPP exposed to high doses of gamma radiation. Polymer Degradation and Stability 87 2 (2005) 279-286
34. Chodak I. Properties of crosslinked polyolefin-based materials. Progress in Polymer Science (Oxford) 20 6 (1995) 1165-1199
35. Aymes-Chodur C., Betz N., Legendre B., and Yagoubi N. Structural and physico-chemical studies on modification of polypropylene and its polyphenolic antioxidant by electron beam irradiation. Polymer Degradation and Stability 91 4 (2006) 649-662
36. Marans N.S., and Zapas L.J. Molecular weight changes in irradiated polypropylene. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 11 (1967) 705-718
37. Geymer D.O. The effects of ionizing radiation on the molecular weight of crystalline polypropylene. Die Makromolekulare Chemie 99 152-159 (1966) 152
38. Rivaton A., Lalande D., and Gardette J.-L. Influence of the structure on the γ-irradiation of polypropylene and on the post-irradiation effects. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 222 (2004) 187-200
39. Tidjani A., and Watanabe Y. Study of the effect of γ-dose rate on the oxidation of polypropylene. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 60 11 (1996) 1839-1845
40. Lacoste J., Vaillant D., and Carlsson D.J. Gamma-, photo-, and thermally-initiated oxidation of isotactic polypropylene. Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry 31 3 (1993) 715-722
41. Gavrila D.E., and Gosse B. Post-irradiation degradation of polypropylene. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 185 2 (1994) 311-317
42. Shinde A., and Salovey R. Irradiation of ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene. Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Physics Edition 23 8 (1985) 1681-1689
43. Dunn T.S. Radical structure and its role in the oxidative degradation of irradiated polypropylene. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 14 (1979) 625-634
44. Kacarevic-Popovic Z., Kostoski D., Novakovic L., Miljevic N., and Šećerov B. Influence of the irradiation conditions on the effect of radiation on polyethylene. Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 69 12 (2004) 1029-1041
45. Draganic I.G., and Draganic Z.D. The radiation chemistry of water (1971), Academic Press, New York
46. Suljovrujic E., Kostoski D., and Dojcilovic J. Charge trapping in gamma irradiated low-density polyethylene. Polymer Degradation and Stability 74 1 (2001) 167-170
47. Banford H.M., Fouracre R.A., Faucitano A., Buttafava A., and Martinotti F. The influence of γ-irradiation and chemical structure on the dielectric properties of PP. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 48 (1996) 129-130
48. Abdel-Hamid H.M. Effect of electron beam irradiation on polypropylene films-dielectric and FT-IR studies. Solid State Electronics 49 7 (2005) 1163-1167
49. Banford H.M., Fouracre R.A., Chen G., and Tedford D.J. Electrical conduction in irradiated low-density polyethylene. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 40 5 (1992) 401-410
50. Banford H.M., Fouracre R.A., Faucitano A., Buttafava A., and Martinotti F. The influence of chemical structure on the dielectric behavior of polypropylene. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 3 4 (1996) 594-598
51. Hedvig P. Dielectric spectroscopy of polymers (1977), Academia Kiado, Budapest
52. Magerramov A.M., and Dashdamirov M.K. Structural aspects of the radiation modification of the dielectric properties of polyolefins. High Energy Chemistry 39 3 (2005) 142-147
53. Fouracre R.A., Banford H.M., and Given M.J. Charge migration processes in insulators. High Temperature Chemical Processes 2 (1993) 257-264
54. Fouracre R.A., MacGregor S.J., Judd M., and Banford H.M. Condition monitoring of irradiated polymeric cables. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 54 2 (1999) 209-211
55. Lu T., and Sessler G.M. An experimental study of charge distributions in electron-beam irradiated polypropylene films. IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation 26 2 (1991) 228-235
56. Vannikov A.V., Matveev V.K., Sichkar V.P., and Tutnev A.P. Radiacionnie effekti v polimerah. Elektricheskie svoistva. Moskva: Izdatel'stvo Nauka (1982)
57. Suljovrujic E. Dielectric studies of molecular β-relaxation in low density polyethylene: the influence of drawing and ionizing radiation. Polymer 43 22 (2002) 5969-5978
58. Suljovrujic E. Some aspects of structural electrophysics of irradiated oriented LLDPE. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 236 1-4 (2005) 399-406
59. Jourdan C., Cavaille J.Y., and Perez J. Mechanical relaxations in polypropylene. A new experimental and theoretical approach. Journal of Polymer Science Part B Polymer Physics 27 11 (1989) 2361-2384
60. Quijada-Garrido I., Barrales-Rienda J.M., Pereña J.M., and Frutos G. Dynamic mechanical and dielectric behavior of erucamide (13-cis-docosenamide), isotactic poly(propylene), and their blends. Journal of Polymer Science Part B Polymer Physics 35 10 (1997) 1473-1482
61. Brandrup J., and Immergut E.H. Polymer handbook (1975), Wiley, New York
62. Starkweather H.W., Avakian P., Matheson R.R., Fontanella J.J., and Wintersgill M.C. Ultralow temperature dielectric relaxations in polyolefins. Macromolecules 25 25 (1992) 6871-6875
63. Umemura T., Suzuki T., and Kashiwazaki T. Impurity effect of the dielectric properties of isotactic polypropylene. IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation EI-17 4 (1982) 300-305
64. Sakai A., Tanaka K., Fujii Y., Nagamura T., and Kajiyama T. Structure and thermal molecular motion at surface of semi-crystalline isotactic polypropylene films. Polymer 46 (2005) 429-437
65. Castejón M.L., Tiemblo P., and Gómez-Elvira J.M. Photo-oxidation of thick isotactic polypropylene films. II. Evolution of the low temperature relaxations and of the melting endotherm along the kinetic stages. Polymer Degradation and Stability 71 1 (2001) 99-111
66. Perepechko I.I. Svoistva polimerov pri nizkih temperaturah. Moskva. Khimiya (1977)
67. Hara T. Dielectric property of some polymers in low temperature region. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 6 (1967) 147-150
68. Hoyos M., Tiemblo P., and Gómez-Elvira J.M. The role of microstructure, molar mass and morphology on local relaxations in isotactic polypropylene. The α relaxation. Polymer 48 1 (2007) 183-194
69. Olivares N., Tiemblo P., and Gomez-Elvira J.M. Physicochemical processes along the early stages of the thermal degradation of isotactic polypropylene I. Evolution of the γ relaxation under oxidative conditions. Polymer Degradation and Stability 65 2 (1999) 297-302
70. Tiemblo P., Gomez-Elvira J.M., García Beltrán S., Matisova-Rychla L., and Rychly J. Melting and α relaxation effects on the kinetics of polypropylene thermooxidation in the range 80-170 °C. Macromolecules 35 15 (2002) 5922-5926