A hybrid electrooptic microring resonator-based 1× 4 × 1 ROADM for wafer scale optical interconnects

Journal of Lightwave Technology

Volumn 27, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 440-448

  Takayesu, Jocelyn ^a   Hochberg, Michael ^b   Baehr Jones, Tom ^b   Chan, Eric ^c   Wang, Guangxi ^b   Sullivan, Philip ^a   Liao, Yi ^d   Davies, Josh ^a   Dalton, Larry ^a   Scherer, Axel ^b   Krug, William ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^b CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^c BOEING COMPANY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

Electrooptic devices; Hybrid integrated circuit fabrication; Integrated optics; Nonlinear optics; Optical polymers; Resonator filters; Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)

Indexed keywords

ELECTROOPTICAL DEVICES; ELECTROOPTICAL EFFECTS; HYBRID INTEGRATED CIRCUITS; INTEGRATED CIRCUITS; INTEGRATED OPTICS; MICROWAVE FILTERS; NONLINEAR OPTICS; OPTICAL INTERCONNECTS; OPTICAL MATERIALS; OPTICAL RESONATORS; PHOTONICS; RESONATORS; SEMICONDUCTING SILICON COMPOUNDS; SILICON WAFERS; TUNING; WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXING;

ELECTROOPTIC DEVICES; HYBRID INTEGRATED CIRCUIT FABRICATION; OPTICAL POLYMERS; RESONATOR FILTERS; WAVELENGTH-DIVISION MULTIPLEXING (WDM);

OPTICAL FILTERS;

EID: 61649093064     PISSN: 07338724     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2008.927776     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. C. Vazquez, S. Vargas, J. Manuel, S. Pena, and P. Corredera, "Tunable optical filters using compound ring resonators for DWDM," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 15, no. 8, pp. 1085-1087, Aug. 2003.
2. A. F. J. Levi, "Optical interconnects in systems," Proc. IEEE, vol. 88, no. 6, pp. 750-757, Jun. 2000.
3. Q. Xu, S. Manipatriuni, B. Schmidt, J. Shakya, and M. Lipson, "12.5 Gbit/s carrier-injection-based silicon micro-ring silicon modulators," Opt. Exp., vol. 15, pp. 430-436, Jan. 2007.
4. Y. Shi, "Micromachined wideband lithium-niobate electrooptic modulators," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 810-815, Feb. 2006.
5. E. Klein, D. Geuzebroek, H. Kelderman, G. Sengo, N. Baker, and A. Dreissen, "Reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer using microring resonators," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 11, no. 11, pp. 2358-2360, Nov. 2005.
6. L. R. Dalton, "Organic electrooptic materials," Pure Appl. Chem. vol. 76, no. 7-8, pp. 1421-1433, 2004.
7. M. R. Fetterman, J. A. Grata, R. Dinu, M. Koenig, A. D. Visnansky, and W. L. Kiser, Jr., "Electro-optic polymer modulators as passive mm wave detectors," Proc. SPIE, vol. 6472, pp. 1-13, 2007.
8. M. Lee, H. E. Katz, C. Erben, D. M. Hill, P. Gopalan, J. D. Heber, and D. J. McGee, "Broadband modulation of light using an electo-optic polymer," Science, vol. 298, pp. 1401-1403, Nov. 2002.
9. T.-D. Kim, J.-W. Kang, J. Luo, S.-H. Jang, J.-W. Ka, N. Tucker, J. B. Benedict, L. R. Dalton, T. Gray, R. M. Overney, D. H. Park, W. N. Herman, and A. K.-Y. Jen, "Ultralarge and thermally stable electro-optic activities from supramolecular self-assembled molecular glasses," J. Amer. Chem. Soc., vol. 129, pp. 488-489, Jan. 2007.
10. L. R. Dalton, A. K. Jen, P. A. Sullivan, B. E. Eichinger, B. H. Robinson, and A. M. Chen, "Theoretically-inspired rational design of electrooptic materials," Nonlinear Opt. Quantum Opt., vol. 35, pp. 1-19, 2006.
11. C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, M. Oh, H. Zhang, and W. H. Steier, "Low V π electrooptic modulators from CLD-1: Chromophore design and synthesis, material processing, and characterization," Chem. Mater., vol. 13, pp. 3043-3050, 2001.
12. L. Dalton, Nov. 2007, Revisiting Organic Optical Nonlinearity Leads to a New Class of Materials SPIE Newsroom [Online]. Available: http:// spie.org/x17559.xml
13. K. Okamoto, Fundamentals of Optical Waveguides. San Diego, CA: Academic, 2000.
14. L. Dalton, "Nonlinear optical polymeric materials: From chromophore design to commercial applications," Adv. Polym. Sci., vol. 158, pp. 1-86, 158, 2002.
15. B. E. A. Saleh and M. C. Teich, Fundamentals of Photonics. New York: Wiley, 1991.
16. Y. Liao, C. Anderson, P. Sullivan, A. Akelaitis, B. Robinson, and L. Dalton, "Electro-optical properties of polymers containing alternating nonlinear optical chromophores and bulky spacers," Chem. Mater., vol. 18, pp. 1062-1067, 2006.
17. T. Baehr-Jones, M. Hochberg, G. Wang, R. Lawson, Y. Liao, P. A. Sullivan, L. Dalton, A. K.-Y. Jen, and A. Scherer, "Optical modulation and detection in slotted silicon waveguides," Opt. Express, vol. 13, no. 14, pp. 5216-5226, Jun. 2005.
18. P. A. Sullivan, H. Rommel, Y. Liao, B. C. Olbricht, A. J. P. Akelaitis, K. A. Firestone, J.-W. Kang, J. Luo, J. A. Davies, D. H. Choi, B. E. Eichinger, P. J. Reid, A. Chen, A. K.-Y. Jen, B. H. Robinson, and L. R. Dalton, "Theory-guided design and synthesis of multichromophore dendrimers: An analysis of the electro-optic effect," J. Amer. Chem. Soc., vol. 129, pp. 7523-7530, May 2007.
19. P. A. Sullivan, B. C. Olbright, A. Akelaitis, A. Mistry, Y. Liao, and L. Dalton, "Tri-component Diels-Alder polymerized dendrimer glass exhibiting large, thermally stable, electro-optic activity," J. Mater. Chem., vol. 17, pp. 2899-2903, Apr. 2007.
20. L. R. Dalton, P. A. Sullivan, D. H. Bale, and B. C. Olbricht, "Theory-inspired nano-engineering of photonic and electronic materials: Noncentrosymmetric charge-transfer electro-optic materials," Solid-State Electron., vol. 51, pp. 1263-1277, Aug. 2007.
21. L. Dalton, "Integrated optics/electronics using electro-optic polymers," Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., vol. 817, pp. 181-193, 2004.
22. T. Baehr-Jones, M. Hochberg, C. Walker, and A. Scherer, "High-Q ring resonators in thin silicon-on-insulator," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 85, no. 16, pp. 3346-3347, Oct. 2004.
23. P. Rabiei, W. Steier, C. Zhang, and L. Dalton, "Polymer micro-ring filters and modulators," J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 1968-1975, Nov. 2002.
24. A. Taflove, Computational Electrodynamics. Boston, MA: Artech House, 1995.
25. T. Baehr-Jones, M. Hochberg, C. Walker, E. Chan, D. Koshinz, W. Krug, and A. Scherer, "Analysis of the tuning sensitivity of silicon-oninsulator optical ring resonators," J. Lightw. Technol. vol. 23, no. 12, pp. 4215-4221, Dec. 2005.
26. M. Borselli, T. Johnson, and O. Painter, "Beyond the Rayleigh scattering limit in high-Q silicon microdisks: Theory and experiment," Opt. Exp., vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 1515-1530, Mar. 2005.
27. G. Roelkens, D. Van Thourhout, and R. Baets, "High efficiency grating coupler between silicon on insulator waveguides and perfectly vertical optical fibers," Opt. Exp., vol. 32, no. 11, pp. 1495-1497, Jun. 2007.
28. C. Gunn, "CMOS photonics for high-speed interconnects," IEEE Micro. vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 58-66, Mar/Apr. 2006.
29. N. P. Bhatambrekar, L. Dalton, J. Luo, A. K.-Y. Jen, and A. Chen, "Third-order nonlinearity contribution to electro-optic activity in polymer materials in a constant bias field," Appl. Phys. Lett, vol. 88, pp. 1-3, Aug. 2005.