A case of warfarin-associated venous limb gangrene: Implications of anticoagulation in a palliative care setting

Journal of Palliative Medicine

Volumn 12, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 269-272

  Gunn, Sayer K ^a,c   Farolino, Deborah ^b   McDonald, Amy A ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO   (United States)

^b VA WESTERN NEW YORK HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

^c NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENOXAPARIN; WARFARIN;

ADULT; ANAMNESIS; ARTICLE; CASE REPORT; CLINICAL FEATURE; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT; DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE COURSE; DOPPLER ECHOGRAPHY; DRUG TREATMENT FAILURE; HEPARIN INDUCED THROMBOCYTOPENIA; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; LABORATORY TEST; LEG ULCER; LIVER BIOPSY; MALE; PALLIATIVE THERAPY; VENOUS LIMB GANGRENE;

ANTICOAGULANTS; BLOOD COAGULATION DISORDERS; ENDOCARDITIS; GANGRENE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEOPLASMS; PALLIATIVE CARE; RISK FACTORS; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; WARFARIN;

EID: 61649088610     PISSN: 10966218     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2009.9658     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Trousseau A: Phlegmasia alba dolens. Clinique Medicale de L'Hotel-Dieu de Paris, London: New Sydenham Society, 1865;3:94.
2. Virchow RLK: Gesammelte Abhandlungen zur Wissenschaftlichen Medizin. Frankfurt, Meidinger, Sohn & Co., 1856.
3. Kakkar AK, DeRuvo N, Chinswangwatanakul V, Tebbutt S, Williamson RC.: Extrinsic pathway activation in cancer with high factor VIIa and tissue factor. Lancet 1995;346:1004-1005.
4. Deitcher SR: Cancer and thrombosis: Mechanisms and treatment. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2003;16:21-31.
5. El-Shami, K, Griffiths, E, Streiff M: Nonbacterial endocarditis in cancer patients: pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. Oncologist 2007;12:518-523.
6. Ziegler E: Ueber den Bau und die Entstehung der endocarditischen Efflorescenzen. Verh Kong Inn Med 1888;7:339-343.
7. Edoute Y, Haim N, Rinkevich D, Brenner B, Reisner SA: Cardiac valvular vegetations in cancer patients: A prospective echocardiographic study of 200 patients. Amer J Med 1997;102:252-258.
8. Biller J, Challa VR, Toole JF, Howard VJ: Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis: A neurologic perspective of clinicopathologic correlations of 99 patients. Arch Neurol 1982;39:95-98.
9. Angrist A, Marquiss J: The changing morphologic picture of endocarditis since the advent of chemotherapy and antibiotic agents. Am J Pathol 1954;30:39-63.
10. Lopez JA, Ross RS, Fishbein MC, Siegel RJ: Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis: A review. Am Heart J 1987;113:773-784.
11. Gonzalez Quintela A, Candela MJ, Vidal C, Román J, Aramburo P: Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis in cancer patients. Acta Cardiol 1991;46:1-9.
12. Fayemi AO, Deppisch LM: Coronary embolism and myocardial infarction associated with nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis. Am J Clin Pathol 1977;68:393-396.
13. Warkentin TE: Venous limb gangrene during warfarin treatment of cancer-associated deep venous thrombosis. Ann Intern Med 2001;135:589-593.
14. Hyers TM, Agnelli G, Hull RD, Morris TA, Samama M, Tapson V, Weg JG: Antithrombotic therapy for venous thromboembolic disease. Chest 2001;119(suppl):176S-193S.
15. Luk C, Wells PS, Anderson D, Kovacs MJ: Extended outpatient therapy with low molecular weight heparin for the treatment of recurrent VTE despite warfarin therapy. Am J Med 2001;111:270-273.
16. Sack GH, Levin J, Bell W: Trousseau's syndrome and other manifestations of chronic disseminated intravascular coagulopathy in patients with neoplasms: Clinical, pathological and therapeutic features. Medicine 1977;56:1-37.
17. Hutten BA, Prins MH, Gent M, Ginsberg J, Tijssen JG, Büller HR: Incidence of recurrent thromboembolic and bleeding complications among patients with VTE in relation to both malignancy and achieved international normalized ratio: A retrospective analysis. J Clin Oncol 2000;18:3078-3083.
18. Lee AY, Levine MN, Baker RI, Bowden C, Kakkar AK, Prins M, Rickles FR, Julian JA, Haley S, Kovacs MJ, Gent M; Randomized Comparison of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin versus Oral Anticoagulant Therapy for the Prevention of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Cancer (CLOT) Investigators: Low-molecular-weight heparin versus a coumarin for the prevention of recurrent VTE in patients with cancer. N Engl J Med 2003;349:146-153.
19. Meyer G, Marjanovic Z, Valcke J, Lorcerie B, Gruel Y, Solal-Celigny P, Le Maignan C, Extra JM, Cottu P, Farge D: Comparison of low-molecular-weight heparin and warfarin for the secondary prevention of VTE in patients with cancer: A randomized controlled study. Arch Intern Med 2002;162:1729-1735.
20. Walsh-McMonagle D, Green D: Low molecular weight heparin in the management of trousseau's syndrome. Cancer 1997;80:649-655.
21. Bell WR, Starksen NF, Tong S Porterfield JK: Trousseau's syndrome. Devastating coagulopathy in the absence of heparin. Am J Med 1985;79:423-430.
22. Kakkar AK, Levine MN, Kadziola Z, Lemoine NR, Low V, Patel HK, Rustin G, Thomas M, Quigley M, Williamson RC: Low molecular weigh theparin, therapy with dalteparin, and survival in advanced cancer: The fragmin advanced malignancy outcome study (FAMOUS). J Clin Oncol 2004;22:1944-1948.
23. Shen VS, Pollak EW: Fatal pulmonary embolism in cancer patients: Is heparin prophylaxis justified? South Med J 1980;73:841-843.
24. Johnson MJ, Sproule MW, Paul J: The prevalence and associated variables of deep vein thrombosis in patients with advanced cancer. Clin Oncol 1999;11:105-110.
25. Noble SI. Finlay IG: Have palliative care teams' attitudes toward venous thromboembolism changed? A survey of thromboprophylaxis practice across British specialist palliative care units in the years 2000 and 2005. J Pain Symptom Manage 2006;32:38-43.
26. Kirkova J, Fainsinger RL: Thrombosis and anticoagulation in palliative care: An evolving clinical challenge. J Palliat Care 2004;20:101-104.
27. Chambers JC: Prophylactic heparin in palliative care: To a challenging idea. BMJ 2006;332:729.
28. Noble SI, Nelson A, Turner C, Finlay IG: Acceptability of low molecular weight heparin thromboprophylaxis for inpatients receiving palliative care: Qualitative study. BMJ 2006;332:577-580.
29. Pace V, Hall E, Bailey C: Prophylactic heparin in palliative care: A cautious welcome [Letter]. BMJ 2006;332:728-729.
30. Kolominsky-Rabas PL, Weber M, Gefeller O, Neundoerfer B, Heuschmann PU: Epidemiology of ischemic stroke subtypes according to TOAST criteria: Incidence, recurrence, and long-term survival in ischemic stroke subtypes: A population-based study. Stroke 2001;32:2735-2740.
31. Kaplan RC. Tirschwell DL, Longstreth WT Jr, Manolio TA, Heckbert SR, Lefkowitz D, El-Saed A, Psaty BM: Vascular events, mortality, and preventive therapy following ischemic stroke in the elderly [see comment; erratum appears in Neurology 2006;66:493]. Neurology 2005;65:835-842.