Postprandial glucose - A potential therapeutic target to reduce cardiovascular mortality

Current Vascular Pharmacology

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 68-74

  Peter, Raj ^a   Okoseime, Onyebuchi E ^a   Rees, Alan ^a   Owens, David R ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF WALES   (United Kingdom)

^b LLANDOUGH HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

All cause mortality; Cardiovascular disease; Cellular mechanism; Diabetes; Postprandial glucose; Postprandial hyperglycaemia

Indexed keywords

ACARBOSE; DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE IV INHIBITOR; GLUCAGON LIKE PEPTIDE 1 DERIVATIVE; HEMOGLOBIN A1C; PLACEBO; GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONSENSUS; DIABETES CONTROL; DIABETIC PATIENT; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; DRUG TARGETING; DYSLIPIDEMIA; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPOTHESIS; MORTALITY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; REVIEW; RISK REDUCTION; VASCULAR DISEASE; DRUG EFFECT; MEDICAL SOCIETY; METABOLISM; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; POSTPRANDIAL STATE; RISK FACTOR;

BLOOD GLUCOSE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; HEMOGLOBIN A, GLYCOSYLATED; HUMANS; HYPERGLYCEMIA; POSTPRANDIAL PERIOD; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; RISK FACTORS; SOCIETIES, MEDICAL;

EID: 61549094702     PISSN: 15701611     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/157016109787354169     Document Type: Review

References (62)

1. Weir GC, Leahy JL. Joslin's diabetes mellitus. 13 edn. Lea and Febiger. Philadelphia, PA, 1994.
2. Bogardus C. Diabetes Mellitus. Lippincot-Raven Publishers. Philadelphia, PA, 1996.
3. DeFronzo RA. Lilly lecture 1987. The triumvirate: beta-cell, muscle, liver. A collusion responsible for NIDDM. Diabetes 1988; 37: 667-87.
4. Monnier L, Colette C, Dunseath GJ, Owens DR. The loss of post-prandial glycaemic control precedes stepwise deterioration of fasting with worsening diabetes. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 263-269.
5. Monnier L. Is postprandial glucose a neglected cardiovascular risk factor in type 2 diabetes? Eur J Clin Invest 2000; 30: 3-11.
6. American Diabetes Association. Postprandial blood glucose. American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care 2001; 24: 775-778.
7. American College of Endocrinology Consensus Statement on Guidelines for Glycemic Control Endocrine Practice 2002; 8: 5-11.
8. Guideline for management of postmeal glucose. International Diabetes federation. www.idf.org.
9. UK prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet 1998; 352: 837-53
10. Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HAW, Matthews DR, Manley SE, Cull CA, et al. the UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group: Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ 2000; 321: 405-12.
11. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and complications (DCCT/EDIC) Study Research Group. Intensive diabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 2643-53.
12. Shichiri M, Kishikawa H, Ohkubo Y, Wake N. Long term results of the Kumamoto Study on optimal diabetes control in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2000; 23: B21-9.
13. Stettler C, Allemann S, Juni P, Cull CA, Holman RR, Egger M, et al. Glycaemic control and macrovascular disease in types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus: Meta-analysis of randomised trials. Am Heart J 2006; 152: 27-38
14. Coutinho M, Gerstein HC, Wang Y, Yusuf S. The relationship between glucose and incident cardiovascular events: a metaregression analysis of published data from 20 studies of 95,783 individuals followed for 12.4 years. Diabetes Care 1999; 22: 233-40.
15. DECODE Study Group, the European Diabetes Epidemiology Group. Glucose tolerance and cardiovascular mortality: comparison of fasting and 2 hour diagnostic criteria. Arch Intern Med 2001; 161: 397-405.
16. de Vegt F, Dekker JM, Ruhe HG, Stehouwer CD, Nijpels G, Bouter, et al. Hyperglycaemia is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the Hoorn population: the Hoorn Study. Diabetologia 1999; 42: 926-31.
17. Donahue RP, Abbott RD, Reed DM, Yano K. Postchallenge glucose concentration and coronary heart disease in men of Japanese ancestry: Honolulu Heart Program. Diabetes 1987; 36: 689-92.
18. Lowe LP, Liu K, Greenland P, Metzger BE, Dyer AR, Stamler J. Diabetes, asymptomatic hyperglycaemia, and 22 year mortality in black and white men: the Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in Industry study. Diabetes Care 1997; 20: 163-69.
19. Hanefeld M, Fischer S, Julius U, Schulze J, Schwanebeck U, Schmechel H, et al. Risk factors for myocardial infarction and death in newly detected NIDDM: the Diabetes Intervention Study, 11 year follow-up. Diabetologia 1996; 39: 1577-83.
20. Pyorala K, Savolainen E, Lehtovirta E, et al. Glucose tolerance and coronary heart disease: Helsinki policeman study. J Chronic Dis 1979; 32: 729-45.
21. Balkau B, Pyorala M, Shipley M, Pyörälä K, Pyörälä M, Forhan A, et al. High blood glucose concentration is a risk factor for mortality in middle aged non-diabetic men. 20 year follow-up to the Whitehall Study, the Paris Prospective Study and the Helsinki Policeman Study. Diabetes Care 1998; 21: 360-67.
22. Jackson CA, Yudkin JS, Forrest RD. A comparison of the relationships of the glucose tolerance test and the glycated haemoglobin assay with diabetic vascular disease in the community. The Islington Diabetes survey. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1992; 17: 111-23.
23. Barrett-Connor E, Ferrara A. Isolated post challenge hyperglycaemia and the risk of fatal cardiovascular disease in older women and men. Diabetes Care 1998; 21: 1236-39.
24. Shaw JE, Hodge AM, Courten M, Chitson P, Zimmet PZ Isolated post-challenge hyperglycaemia confirmrd as a risk. Diabetologia 1999; 42: 1050-54.
25. Meigs JB, Nathan DM, D'Agostino RB, Wilson PW. Fasting and post-challenge glycaemia and cardiovascular disease risk: The Framingham Offspring Study. Diabetes Care 2002; 25: 1845-50.
26. Tominaga M, Igarashi K, Eguchi H, Kato T, Sekikawa A. Impaired glucose tolerance is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease but not impaired fasting glucose. Diabetes Care 1999; 22: 920-24.
27. Barzilay JI, Spiekerman CF, Wahl PW, Kuller LH, Cushman M, Furberg CD, et al. Cardiovascular disease in older adults with glucose disorders: a comparison of American Diabetes Association criteria for diabetes mellitus with WHO criteria. Lancet 1999; 354: 622-25.
28. Saydah SH, Loria CM, Eberhardt MS, Brancati FL. Subclinical states of glucose intolerance and risk of death in the US. Diabetes Care 2001; 24: 447-53.
29. Salonen JT, Salonen R. Ultrasonographically assessed carotid morphology and the risk of coronary heart disease. Arterioscler Thromb 1991; 11: 1245-49.
30. Heiss G, Sharett AR, Barnes R, Chambless LE, Szklo M, Alzola C. Carotid atherosclerosis measured by B-mode ultrasound in populations: association with cardiovascular risk factors in the ARIC Study. Am J Epidemiol 1991; 134: 250-56.
31. Hanefeld M, Koehler C, Henkel E, Fuecker K, Schaper F, Temelkova-Kurktschiev T. Post-challenge hyperglycaemia relates more strongly than fasting hyperglycaemia with carotid intima-media thickness: The RIAD Study. Risk factors in impaired glucose tolerance for atherosclerosis and diabetes. Diab Med 2000; 17: 835-40.
32. Temelkova-Kurktschiev T, Koehler C, Schaper F, Henkel E, Hahnefeld A, Fuecker K, et al. Relationship between fasting plasma glucose, atherosclerosis risk factors and carotid intima media thickness in non-diabetic individuals. Diabetologia 1998; 41: 706-12.
33. Ceriello A, Quagliaro L, Piconi L, Assaloni R, Da Ros R, Maier A, et al. Effect of postprandial hypertriglyceridaemia and hyperglycaemia on circulating adhesion molecules and oxidative stress generation and the possible role of simvastatin treatment. Diabetes 2004; 53: 701-10.
34. Scognamiglio R, Negut C, De Kreutzenberg SV, Tiengo A, Avogaro A. Postprandial myocardial perfusion in healthy subjects and in type 2 diabetic patients. Circulation 2005; 112: 179-84.
35. Dekker JM, Schouten EG, Klootwijk P, Pool J, Kromhout D. Association between QT interval and coronary heart disease in middleaged and elderly men. The Zutphen Study. Circulation 1994; 90: 779-85.
36. c duration in healthy man. Diabetologia 2000; 43: 571-75.
37. Chiasson JL, Josse RG, Gomis R, Hanefeld M, Karasik A, Laakso M; STOP-NIDDM Trail Research Group. Acarbose for prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus: the STOP-NIDDM randomised trial. Lancet 2002; 359: 2072-7.
38. Chiasson JL, Josse RG, Gomis R, Hanefeld M, Karasik A, Laakso M; STOP-NIDDM Trial Research Group. Trial Research Group. Acarbose treatment and the risk of cardiovascular disease and hypertension in patients with impaired glucose tolerance: The STOP-NIDDM trial. JAMA 2003; 290: 486-94.
39. Hanefeld M, Chiasson JL, Koehler C, Henkel E, Schaper F, Temelkova-Kurktschiev T. Acarbose slows progression of intimamedia thickness of the carotid arteries in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Stroke 2004; 35: 1073-78.
40. Ceriello A, Quagliaro L, Catone B, Pascon R, Piazzola M, Bais B, et al. Role of hyperglycaemia in nitrotyrosine postprandial generation. Diabetes Care 2002; 25: 1439-43.
41. Ceriello A. The postprandial state and cardiovascular disease: relevance to diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2000; 16: 125-132.
42. Scognamiglio R, Negut C, De Kreutzenberg SV, Tiengo A, Avogaro A. Effects of different insulin regimes on postprandial myocardial perfusion defects in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2006; 29: 95-100.
43. Teno S, Uto Y, Nagashima H, Endoh Y, Iwamoto Y, Omori Y, et al. Association of postprandial hypertriglyceridaemia and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2000; 23: 1401-06.
44. Brownlee M. Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications. Nature 2001; 414: 813-20.
45. Pieper GM, Langenstroer P, Siebeneich W. Diabetic induced endothelial dysfunction in rat aorta: role of hydroxy radicals. Cardiovasc Res 1997; 34: 145-56.
46. Garcia SF, Virag L, Jagtap P, et al. Diabetic endothelial dysfunction: the role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase activation. Nature Medicine 2001; 7: 108-13.
47. Brownlee M. The pathobiology of diabetic complications: a unifying mechanism. Diabetes 2005; 54: 1615-25.
48. Du XL, Edelstein D, Rossetti L, Fantus IG, Goldberg H, Ziyadeh F, et al. Hyperglycaemia induced mitochondrial superoxide overproduction activates the hexosamine pathway and induces plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression by increasing Sp1 glycosylation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 2000; 97: 12222-6.
49. Tsai EC, Hirsch IB, Brunzell JD, Chait A. Reduced plasma peroxyl radical trapping capacity and increased susceptibility of LDL to oxidation in poorly controlled IDDM. Diabetes 1994; 43: 1010-14.
50. Diwadkar VA, Anderson JW, Bridges SR, Gowri MS, Oelgten PR. Postprandial low density lipoproteins in type 2 diabetes are oxidised more extensively than fasting diabetes and control samples. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1999; 222: 178-84.
51. Ceriello A, Bortolotti N, Motz E, Pieri C, Marra M, Tonutti L, et al. Meal induced oxidative stress and low density lipoprotein oxidation in diabetes: the possible role of hyperglycaemia. Metabolism 1999; 48: 1503-08.
52. Kawano H, Motoyama T, Hirashima O, Hirai N, Miyao Y, Sakamoto T, et al. Hyperglycaemia rapidly suppresses flow mediated endothelium dependant vasodilation of brachial artery. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999; 34: 146-54.
53. Ceriello A. Coagulation activation in diabetes mellitus: the role of hyperglycaemia and therapeutic prospects. Diabetologia 1993; 36: 1119-25.
54. Nappo F, Esposito K, Cioffi M, Giugliano G, Molinari AM, Paolisso G, et al. Postprandial endothelial activation in healthy subjects and in type 2 diabetic patients: role of fat and carbohydrate meals. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 39: 1145-50.
55. Monnier L, Lapinski H, Colette C. Contributions of fasting and postprandial plasma glucose increments to the overall diurnal hyperglycaemia of type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2003; 26: 881-5.
56. 1c and indices of glucose tolerance derived from a standardized meal test in newly diagnosed treatment naïve subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetic Med 2006; 23: 990-95.
57. Owens DR, Dolben J, Jones IR, Birtwell J, Luzio SD. Hormonal and glycaemic responses to serial meals in newly diagnosed non-insulin dependant diabetic patients. Diab Metab 1989; 15: 1-4.
58. Dunseath G, Peter R, Chudleigh R, Luzio SD, Owens DR. Contribution of postprandial and fasting plasma glucose to each of 3 identical meals during the day and also to diurnal hyperglycaemia in persons with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2007; 56 (Suppl 1): 2692 PO.
59. Gaede P, Vedel P, Larsen N, Jensen GV, Parving HH, Pedersen O. Multifactorial intervention and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. NEJM 2003; 348: 383-93.
60. Gaede P, Henrik LA, Parving HH, Pedersen O. Effect of multifactorial intervention on mortality in type 2 diabetes. NEJM 2008; 358: 580-91.
61. Kado S, Muramaki T, Aoki A, Nagase T, Katsura Y, Noritake M, et al. Effect of acarbose on postprandial lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1998; 41: 49-55.
62. De Veciana M, Major CA, Morgan MA, Asrat T, Toohey JS, Lien JM, et al. Postprandial vs. preprandial blood glucose monitoring in women with gestational diabetes mellitus requiring insulin therapy. N Engl J Med 1995; 333: 1237-41.