Sir Joseph Williamson and the conduct of administration in restoration England

Historical Research

Volumn 69, Issue 168, 1996, Pages 18-41

  Marshall, Alan ^a  

^a BATH SPA UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

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EID: 61449411558     PISSN: 09503471     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2281.1996.tb01840.x     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. For the administrative revolution see Britain after the Glorious Revolution, 1689-1714, ed. G. S. Holmes (1969); G. S. Holmes, Augustan England: Professions, State and Society, 1680-1730 (1982)
2. See F. M. G. Higham, The Principal Secretary of State: a Survey of the Office, 1558-1680 (Manchester, 1923); M. A. Thomson, Secretaries of State, 1681-1782 (Oxford, 1932)
3. V. Barbour, Henry Bennet, Earl of Arlington (Washington, D.C., 1914), p. 77
4. For Jenkins see A. Marshall, Intelligence and Espionage in the Reign of Charles II, 1660-85 (Cambridge, 1994). PP. 73-4-
5. See the partition lists of the states of Europe between the two Secretaries in 1662 (Public Record Office, State Papers 29/61 fos. 273-7)
6. The History of Parliament: the House of Commons, 1660-90, ed. B. D. Henning (3 vols., 1983), iii. 736
7. E.g. see G. C. Williamson, Lady Anne Clifford, Countess of Dorset, Pembroke and Montgomery, 1590-1676: Her Life, Letters and Work (Kendal, 1922; repr. Wakcfield, 1967), pp. 285-302
8. See P. M. Handover, A History of the London Gazette, 1665-1965 (1965), p. 4; P. Fraser, The Intelligence of the Secretaries of State and their Monopoly of Licensed News, 1660-88 (Cambridge, 1956)
9. H. C. Tomlinson, Guns and Government: the Ordnance Office under the Later Stuarts (1979), p. 29
10. Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1698, p. 20
11. For the location of the office see The History of the King's Works, ed. H. M. Colvin (7 vols., 1963-76), v, plate 36; Plan Box, Plan vii, 'Whitehall Palace, c. 1670'
12. Original Records of Early Nonconformity, ed. G. Lyon Turner (3 vols., 1914), iii. 272-5
13. See below
14. See the plans cited above; Longleat House (Marquess of Bath MSS.), Coventry Papers, iv, fos. 18-19
15. Letters Addressed from London to Sir Joseph Williamson while Plenipotentiary at the Congress of Cologne in the Years 1673-4, ed. W. D. Christie (Camden new ser., viii, ix, 1874)
16. Williamson's role as president of the Royal Society is as yet unexplored. As the basis for such an assessment see M. Hunter, Science and Societyin Restoration England (Cambridge, 1981); The Restored Monarchy, 1660-88, ed. J. R Jones (1979); Early Science in Oxford, ed. R. T. Gunther (14 vols., Oxford, 1923-45), xi; R Hooke, Diary 1672-80 ed. H. W. Robinson (1935)
17. For this incident see H. Roseveare, The Treasury: the Evolution ofa British Institution (1969), pp. I3-I4 and Pepys, ix. 471
18. The Flemings in Oxford, ed. J. R. Magrath (Oxford Hist. Soc, xliv, lxii, lxxix, 1904-24), i. 199
19. For Bacon's ideas see F. Bacon, 'The New Atlantis' in Ideal Commonwealths, ed. H. Morley (1988); Hunter, p. 121
20. J.E. King, Science and Rationalism in the Government of Louis XIV, 1661-83 (Baltimore, MtL, 1949)
21. See M. C. Jacob, The Radical Enlightenment: Pantheists, Freemasons and Republicans (1981), pp. 44-6. Also Queen's College MS. 42, 'A Catalogue of Sir Joseph Williamson's Library'
22. M. Hunter, The Royal Society and its Fellows, 1660-1700: the Morphology of an Early Scientific Institution (Chalfont St. Giles, 1982), pp. 168, 178, 180, 194
23. G.E. Aylmer, The King's Servants: the Civil Service of Charles I (1961), pp. 155-6
24. Flemings in Oxford, i. 199
25. For Nicolson see The London Diaries of William Nicolson, Bishop of Carlisle, 1702-18, ed. C. Jones and G. S. Holmes (Oxford, 1985); The History of the University of Oxford, v, ed. G. Sutherland and L. G. Mitchell (Oxford, 1986), pp. 809-10
26. Matthew Prior quoted in L. G. W. Legg, Matthew Prior: a Study of his Public Career and Correspondence (Cambridge, 1921), pp. 44-5
27. L. Magalotti, At the Court of Charles II: his Relazione d'Inghilterra of 1668, ed. and trans. W. E. KnowlesMiddleton (Waterloo, Ont., 1980), pp. 44-5
28. On this see The Educational Writings of John Locke, ed. J.L. Axtell (Cambridge, 1968), p. ix
29. R. Ollard, Pepys: a Biography (Oxford, 1985; 1st edn., 1974), p. 37
30. Office Holders in Modem Britain, ii: Officials of the Secretaries of State, 1660-1782, comp. J. C. Sainty (1973). P. 9
31. Williamson Correspondence, i. 44
32. Officials of Secretaries of State, pp. 7-8
33. J. Childs, The Army, James II and the Glorious Revolution (Manchester, 1980), p. 141
34. Cal. S.P. Dom. 1673, pp. 341, 397
35. For this aspect of Henry Oldenburg's career see Marshall, pp. 55-60, 80
36. G. A. Jacobsen, William Blathwayt: a Late 17th-Century English Administrator (New Haven, Conn., 1932)
37. J.K. Knyon, Robert Spencer, Earl of Sunderland, 1641-1702 (1958), p. 13
38. J. Ehrman, The Navy in the War of William III (Cambridge, 1953), p. 559
39. Cat. S.P. Dom. 1670, p. 318
40. M. Prior, 'Written in the year 1692', in The Literary Works of Matthew Prior, ed. H. B. Wright and M. K. Spears (2 vols., Oxford, 1959), i. 158