Verbal autopsy coding: Are multiple coders better than one?

Bulletin of the World Health Organization

Volumn 87, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 51-57

  Joshi, Rohina ^a   Lopez, Alan D ^b   MacMahon, Stephen ^a   Reddy, Srinath ^c   Dandona, Rakhi ^a   Dandona, Lalit ^a   Neal, Bruce ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

^c PUBLIC HEALTH FOUNDATION OF INDIA   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CAUSE OF DEATH; HEALTH WORKER; QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; VILLAGE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; AUTOPSY; CAUSE OF DEATH; CHILD; CLINICAL CLASSIFICATION; CLINICAL DECISION MAKING; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; CONSENSUS DEVELOPMENT; COST UTILITY ANALYSIS; DEATH; FALLING; HEALTH SURVEY; HEART FAILURE; HUMAN; INDIA; INFANT; INJURY; INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; KAPPA STATISTICS; MEDICAL DOCUMENTATION; MEDICAL ORDER; NEWBORN; PHYSICIAN; QUESTIONNAIRE; STROKE; SUICIDE; VALIDATION STUDY; VERBAL AUTOPSY;

AUSTRALIA; AUTOPSY; CAUSE OF DEATH; FEMALE; FORMS AND RECORDS CONTROL; HEALTH PERSONNEL; HUMANS; INDIA; MALE; MORTALITY; QUESTIONNAIRES; SPEECH;

ASIA; EURASIA; INDIA; SOUTH ASIA;

EID: 61449131448     PISSN: 00429686     EISSN: 15640604     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2471/BLT.08.051250     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Mathers CD, Fat DM, Inoue M, Rao C, Lopez AD. Counting the death and what they died from: an assessment of the global status of cause of death data. Bull World Health Organ 2005;83:171-7. PMID:15798840
2. Kahn K, Tollman SM, Gear JSS. Validation and application of verbal autopsies in a rural area of South Africa. Trop Med Int Health 2000;5:824-31. PMID:11123832 doi:10.1046/j.1365-3156.2000.00638.x
3. Lopez AD. Causes of death: an assessment of global patterns of mortality around 1985. World Health Stat Q 1990;43:91-9. PMID:2375132
4. Gupta I, Sankar D. Medical attention at death: evidence from India. J Health Manag 2004;6:73-84. doi:10.1177/097206340400600105
5. Chapter 7: Health systems: principled integrated care. In: Shaping the future. Geneva: WHO; 2003.
6. Quigley MA, Chandramohan D, Setel P, Binka F, Rodrigues LC. Validity of data- derived algorithms for ascertaining causes of adult death in two African sites using verbal autopsy. Trop Med Int Health 2000;5:33-9. PMID:10672203 doi:10.1046/j.1365-3156.2000.00517.x
7. Aguilar AM, Alvarado R, Cordero A, Kelly P, Zamora A, Salgado R. Mortality survey in Bolivia: the final report. Investigating and identifying the cause of death for children under five. Arlington, VA: Basic Support for Institutionalizing Child Survival; 1998.
8. Part 1: Ten statistical highlights in global public health. In: World health statistics 2007. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2007. Available from: http://www.who.int/whosis/whostat2007-10highlights.pdf [accessed on 21 November 2008].
9. Jha P, Gajalakshmi V, Gupta PC, Kumar R, Mony P, Dhingra N, et al. Prospective study of one million deaths in India: rationale, design and validation results. PLoS Med 2006;3:e18. PMID:16354108 doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030018
10. Yang G, Rao C, Ma J, Wang L, Wan X, Dubrovsky G, et al. Validation of verbal autopsy procedures for adult deaths in China. Int J Epidemiol 2005;35:741-8. PMID:16144861 doi:10.1093/ije/dyi181
11. Yang G, Hu J, Rao KQ, Ma J, Rao C, Lopez AD. Mortality registration and surveillance in China: history, current situation and challenges. Popul Health Metr 2005;3:3. PMID:15769298 doi:10.1186/1478-7954-3-3
12. Kahn K, Tollman SM, Garenne M, Gear JSS. Who dies from what? Determining the cause of death in South Africa's rural north east. Trop Med Int Health 1999;4:433-41. PMID:10444319 doi:10.1046/j.1365-3156.1999.00415.x
13. Khoury SA, Massad D, Fardous T. Mortality and causes of death in Jordan 1995-96: assessment by verbal autopsy. Bull World Health Organ 1999;77:641-50. PMID:10516786
14. Chandramohan D, Maude GH, Rodrigues LC, Hayes RJ. Verbal autopsies for adult deaths: issues in their development and validation. Int J Epidemiol 1994;23:213-22. PMID:8082945 doi:10.1093/ije/23.2.213
15. Measurement of overall and cause specific mortality in infants and children: memorandum from a WHO/UNICEF meeting. Bull World Health Organ 1994;72:707-13. PMID:7955018
16. Snow RW, Armstrong JRM, Forster D. Childhood death in Africa: uses and limitation of verbal autopsies. Lancet 1992;340:351-4. PMID:1353814 doi:10.1016/0140-6736(92)91414-4
17. Bang AT, Bang RA. SEARCH team. Diagnosis of causes of childhood deaths in developing countries by verbal autopsy: suggested criteria. Bull World Health Organ 1992;70:499-507. PMID:1394784
18. Garenne M, Fauveau V. Potential and limits of verbal autopsies. Bull World Health Organ 2006;84:164-5. PMID:16583068 doi:10.2471/BLT.05.029124
19. Soleman N, Chandramohan D, Shibuya K. Verbal autopsy: current practices and challenges. Bull World Health Organ 2006;84:239-45. PMID:16583084 doi:10.2471/BLT.05.027003
20. Joshi R, Cardona M, Iyengar S, Sukumar A, Raju CR, Raju KR, et al. Chronic diseases now a leading cause of death in rural India-mortality data from the Andhra Pradesh Rural Health Initiative. Int J Epidemiol 2006;35:1522-9. PMID:16997852 doi:10.1093/ije/dyl168
21. Setel PW, Whiting DR, Hemed Y, Chandramohan D, Wolfson LJ, Alberti KGMM, et al. Validity of verbal autopsy procedures for determining cause of death in Tanzania. Trop Med Int Health 2006;11:681-96. PMID:16640621 doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01603.x
22. Registrar General of India, Sample Registration System Academic Partners, Centre for Global Health Research. Registrar General of India Prospective Study of One Million Deaths in India: SRS verbal autopsy form. Available from: http://www.cghr.org/project.htm [accessed on 21 November 2008].
23. Registrar General of India, Sample Registration System Academic Partners, Centre for Global Health Research. Manual for assigning causes of death from verbal autopsy, 2005.
24. Woodward M. Epidemiology: study design and data analysis. Washington, DC: Chapman and Hall/CRC; 2004.
25. Reserve Bank of India. Exchange rate of the Indian rupee vis-a-vis the SDR, US dollar, pound sterling, D.M./euro and Japanese yen. Available from: http://rbidocs.rbi.org.in/rdocs/Publications/PDFs/72784.pdf [accessed on 21 November 2008].
26. Verbal autopsies for maternal deaths. London: World Health Organization; 1994.
27. Todd JE, De Francisco A, O'Dempsey TJ, Greenwood BM. The limitations of verbal autopsy in a malaria-endemic region. Ann Trop Paediatr 1994;14:31-6. PMID:7516132
28. Fauveau V. Assessing probable causes of death without registration or certificates: a new science? Bull World Health Organ 2006;84:246-7. PMID:16583085
29. Pradhan EK, West KP Jr, Katz J, Christian P, Khatry SK, LeClerq SC, et al. Risk of death following pregnancy in rural Nepal. Bull World Health Organ 2002;80:887-91. PMID:12481211
30. Gajalakshmi V, Peto R, Kanaka S, Balasubramanian S. Verbal autopsy of 48,000 adult deaths attributable to medical causes in Chennai (formerly Madras), India. BMC Public Health. 2002;2:7. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-2-7. Available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/4/47BMC [accessed on 21 November 2008].
31. Gajalakshmi V, Peto R. Suicide rates in rural Tamil Nadu, South India: Verbal autopsy of 39 000 deaths in 1997-98. Int J Epidemiol 2007;36:203-7. PMID:17301103 doi:10.1093/ije/dyl308
32. INDEPTH Network. An international network of field sites with continuous demographic evaluation of populations and their health in developing countries. Available from: http://www.indepth-network.org/ [accessed on 21 November 2008].
33. Adult Morbidity and Mortality Project. Policy implications of Adult Morbidity and Mortality Project, Tanzania. 1997. Available from: http://research.ncl.ac.uk/ammp/site-files/public-html/ammp-rep/ammpch08z.pdf [accessed on 21 November 2008].
34. Fikree FF, Azam SI, Berendes HW. Time to focus child survival programmes on the newborn: assessment of levels and causes of infant mortality in rural Pakistan. Bull World Health Organ 2002;80:271-6. PMID:12075362