The clinical significance of sentinel lymph node micrometastasis in breast cancer

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment

Volumn 114, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 393-402

  Patani, Neill ^a   Mokbel, Kefah ^a,b  

^a Princess Grace Hospital   (United Kingdom)

^b ST GEORGE'S UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Axillary lymph node dissection; Breast cancer; Evidence; Micrometastasis; Morbidity; Mortality; Prognosis; Recurrence; Sentinel lymph node; Sentinel lymph node biopsy

Indexed keywords

ANALYTIC METHOD; ARTICLE; BREAST CANCER; CANCER MORTALITY; CANCER RECURRENCE; CANCER STAGING; CANCER SURGERY; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; INTRAOPERATIVE PERIOD; LYMPH NODE DISSECTION; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; MEDLINE; MICROMETASTASIS; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; MORBIDITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; SENTINEL LYMPH NODE; SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY;

BREAST NEOPLASMS; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; LYMPH NODES; LYMPHATIC METASTASIS; MEDICAL ONCOLOGY; NEOPLASM METASTASIS; NEOPLASM STAGING; PROGNOSIS; RECURRENCE; SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 61449126477     PISSN: 01676806     EISSN: 15737217     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10549-008-0021-6     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. CL Carter C Allen DE Henson 1989 Relation of tumor size, lymph node status, and survival in 24, 740 breast cancer cases Cancer 63 181 187
2. U Veronesi G Paganelli G Viale 2003 A randomized comparison of sentinel-node biopsy with routine axillary dissection in breast cancer N Engl J Med 349 546 553
3. Patani N, Cutuli B, Mokbel K. Current management of DCIS: a review. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2007 Sep 28; [Epub ahead of print]
4. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) 2003
5. Greene FL, Page DL, Fleming ID, Fritz A, Balch CM et al (eds) (2002) AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 6th edn
6. K Khalifa B Pereira VA Thomas K Mokbel 2004 The accuracy of intraoperative frozen section analysis of the sentinel lymph nodes during breast cancer surgery Int J Fertil Womens Med 49 5 208 211
7. K Tew L Irwig A Matthews P Crowe P Macaskill 2005 Meta-analysis of sentinel node imprint cytology in breast cancer Br J Surg 92 9 1068 1080
8. A Schoenfeld Y Luqmani D Smith S O'Reilly S Shousha HD Sinnett RC Coombes 1994 Detection of breast cancer micrometastases in axillary lymph nodes by using polymerase chain reaction Cancer Res 54 11 2986 2990
9. M Kurosumi H Takei 2007 Significance and problems of histopathological examination and utility of real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction method for the detection of sentinel lymph node metastasis in breast cancer Breast Cancer 14 4 342 349
10. M Tsujimoto K Nakabayashi K Yoshidome T Kaneko 2007 One-step nucleic acid amplification for intraoperative detection of lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients Clin Cancer Res 13 16 4807 4816
11. T Ishikawa E Miyajima T Sasaki M Tanabe 2007 Transcription-reverse transcription concerted reaction and minimal residual disease in axillary sentinel nodes of breast cancer Eur J Surg Oncol 33 4 430 434
12. P Treseler 2006 Pathologic examination of the sentinel lymph node what is the best method? Breast J 12 5 Suppl 2 S143 S151
13. B Carter R Jensen J Simpson 2000 Benign transport of breast epithelium into axillary lymph nodes after biopsy Am J Clin Pathol 113 259 265
14. European Working Group for Breast Screening Pathology 2003 Pathological work-up of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer. Review of current data to be considered for the formulation of guidelines Eur J Cancer 39 1654 1667
15. GF Schwartz AE Giuliano U Veronesi 2002 Proceedings of the consensus conference on the role of sentinel lymph node biopsy in carcinoma of the breast, April 19-22, 2001, Philadelphia, Pensylvania Cancer 94 2542 2551
16. GH Lyman AE Giuliano MR Somerfield 2005 American society of clinical oncology guideline recommendations for sentinel lymph node biopsy in early breast cancer J Clin Oncol 23 7703 7720
17. C Cserni I Amendoeira N Apostolikas 2003 Pathologic work-up of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer: Review of current data to be considered for the formulation of guidelines Eur J Cancer 39 1654 1667
18. G Cserni 2004 A model for determining the optimum histology of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer J Clin Pathol 57 5 467 471
19. K Dowlatshanhi M Fan JM Anderson KJ Bloom 2001 Occult metastases in sentinel nodes of 200 patients with operable breast cancer Ann Surg Oncol 8 675 681
20. R Cote H Peterson B Chaiwun 1999 Role of immunohistochemical detection of lymph-node metastases in management of breast cancer Lancet 354 896 900
21. M Rivera S Merlin R Hoda 2004 Minimal involvement of sentinel lymph node in breast carcinoma: prevailing concepts and challenging problems Int J Surg Pathol 12 301 306
22. M Mori K Mimori H Inoue 1995 Detection of cancer micrometastases in lymph nodes by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction Cancer Res 55 3417 3420
23. MP Leers RH Schoffelen JG Hoop 2002 Multiparameter flow cytometry as a tool for the detection of micrometastatic tumour cells in the sentinel lymph node procedure of patients with breast cancer J Clin Pathol 55 5 359 366
24. WE Mesker H Torrenga WC Sloos 2004 Supervised automated microscopy increases sensitivity and efficiency of detection of sentinel node micrometastases in patients with breast cancer J Clin Pathol 57 9 960 964
25. DL Weaver DN Krag EA Manna T Ashikaga SP Harlow KD Bauer 2003 Comparison of pathologist-detected and automated computer-assisted image analysis detected sentinel lymph node micrometastases in breast cancer Mod Pathol 16 11 1159 1163
26. AG Huvos RV Hutter JW Berg 1971 Significance of axillary macrometastases and micrometastases in mammary cancer Ann Surg 173 44 46
27. B Fisher MC Gebhardt 1978 The evolution of breast cancer surgery: past, present, and future Semin Oncol 5 385 394
28. ER Fisher A Palekar H Rockette C Redmond B Fisher 1978 Pathologic findings from the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast Project (Protocol No. 4). V. Significance of axillary nodal micro- and macrometastases Cancer 42 4 2032 2038
29. Chen SL, Hoehne FM, Giuliano AE (2007) The prognostic significance of micrometastases in breast cancer: a SEER population-based analysis. Ann Surg Oncol Sep 26; [Epub ahead of print].
30. GP Kuijt AC Voogd LV van de Poll-Franse LJ Scheijmans MW van Beck RM Roumen 2005 The prognostic significance of axillary lymph-node micrometastases in breast cancer patients Eur J Surg Oncol 31 5 500 505
31. W Reed PJ Bøhler B Sandstad JM Nesland 2004 Occult metastases in axillary ymph nodes as a predictor of survival in node-negative breast carcinoma with long-term follow-up Breast J 10 3 174 180
32. B Susnik S Frkovic-Grazio M Bracko 2004 Occult micrometastases in axillary lymph nodes predict subsequent distant metastases in stage I breast cancer: a case-control study with 15-year followup Ann Surg Oncol 11 568 572
33. PP Rosen PE Saigo DW Braun E Weathers AA Fracchia DW Kinne 1981 Axillary micro- and macrometastases in breast cancer: prognostic significance of tumor size Ann Surg 194 5 585 591
34. F Clayton CL Hopkins 1993 Pathologic correlates of prognosis in lymph node- positive breast carcinomas Cancer 71 5 1780 1790
35. International (Ludwig) Breast Cancer Study Group 1990 Prognostic importance of occult axillary lymph node micrometastases from breast cancers Lancet 335 1565 1568
36. M Colleoni N Rotmensz G Peruzzotti 2005 Size of breast cancer metastases in axillary lymph nodes: clinical relevance of minimal lymph node involvement J Clin Oncol 23 1379 1389
37. Y Umekita Y Ohi Y Sagara H Yoshida 2002 Clinical significance of occult micrometastases in axillary lymph nodes in "node-negative" breast cancer patients Jpn J Cancer Res 93 6 695 698
38. K Dowlatshahi M Fan HC Snider FA Habib 1997 Lymph node micrometastases from breast carcinoma. Reviewing the dilemma Cancer 80 1188 1197
39. GH Sakorafas J Geraghty G Pavlakis 2004 The clinical significance of axillary lymph node micrometastases in breast cancer Eur J Surg Oncol 30 807 816
40. PS Mullenix TA Brown MO Meyers LR Giles 2005 The association of cytokeratin-only-positive sentinel lymph nodes and subsequent metastases in breast cancer Am J Surg 189 5 606 609 Discussion 609
41. MC van Rijk JL Peterse OE Nieweg HS Oldenburg EJ Rutgers BB Kroon 2006 Additional axillary metastases and stage migration in breast cancer patients with micrometastases or submicrometastases in sentinel lymph nodes Cancer 107 3 467 471
42. G Viale E Maiorano G Pruneri 2005 Predicting the risk for additional axillary metastases in patients with breast carcinoma and positive sentinel lymph node biopsy Ann Surg 241 319 325
43. RR Turner KU Chu K Qi LE Botnick NM Hansen EC Glass 2000 Pathologic features associated with nonsentinel lymph node metastases in patients with metastatic breast carcinoma in a sentinel lymph node Cancer 89 574 581
44. G Viale E Maiorano G Mazzarol S Zurrida V Galimberti A Luini 2001 Histologic detection and clinical implications of micrometastases in axillary sentinel lymph nodes for patients with breast carcinoma Cancer 92 1378 1384
45. DJ Dabbs M Fung D Landsittel K McManus R Johnson 2004 Sentinel lymph node micrometastasis as a predictor of axillary tumor burden Breast J 10 2 101 105
46. MH Leidenius JH Vironen MS Riihela LA Krogerus TS Toivonen KA von Smitten PS Heikkila 2005 The prevalence of non-sentinel node metastases in breast cancer patients with sentinel node micrometastases Eur J Surg Oncol 31 1 13 18
47. P Schrenk P Konstantiniuk S Wolfl S Bogner A Haid C Nemes M Jagoutz-Herzlinger S Redtenbacher 2005 Prediction of non-sentinel lymph node status in breast cancer with a micrometastatic sentinel node Br J Surg 92 6 707 713
48. S Giard MC Baranzelli D Robert MP Chauvet 2004 Surgical implications of sentinel node with micrometastatic disease in invasive breast cancer Eur J Surg Oncol 30 9 924 929
49. MA den Bakker A van Weeszenberg AY de Kanter FH Beverdam C Pritchard TH van der Kwast M Menke-Pluymers 2002 Non-sentinel lymph node involvement in patients with breast cancer and sentinel node micrometastasis; too early to abandon axillary clearance J Clin Pathol 55 12 932 935
50. G Houvenaeghel C Nos H Mignotte JM Classe S Giard P Rouanet FP Lorca J Jacquemier VJ Bardou 2006 Groupe des Chirurgiens de la Federation des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer. Micrometastases in sentinel lymph node in a multicentric study: predictive factors of nonsentinel lymph node involvement-Groupe des Chirurgiens de la Federation des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer J Clin Oncol 24 12 1814 1822 Epub 2006 Mar 27
51. L Di Tommaso C Arizzi D Rahal A Destro 2006 Anatomic location of breast cancer micrometastasis in sentinel lymph node predicts axillary status Ann Surg 243 5 706 707 author reply 706-7
52. EJ Rutgers 2004 Sentinel node micrometastasis in breast cancer Br J Surg 91 10 1241 1242
53. LN Broekhuizen JH Wijsman JL Peterse EJ Rutgers 2006 The incidence and significance of micrometastases in lymph nodes of patients with ductal carcinoma in situ and T1a carcinoma of the breast Eur J Surg Oncol 32 5 502 506
54. VCG Tjan-Heijen P Bult LM de Widt-Levert TJ Ruers LVAM Beex 2001 Micro-metastases in axillary lymph nodes: an increasing classification and treatment dilemma in breast cancer due to the introduction of the sentinel lymph node procedure Breast Cancer Res Treat 70 81 88
55. I de Mascarel F Bonichon JM Coindre M Trojani 1992 Prognostic significance of breast cancer axillary lymph node micrometastases assessed by two special techniques: reevaluation with longer follow-up Br J Cancer 66 3 523 527
56. C Colpaert P Vermeulen W Jeuris 2001 Early distant relapse in "node- negative" breast cancer patients is not predicted by occult axillary lymph node metastases, but by features of the primary tumour J Pathol 193 442 449
57. RR Millis R Springall AH Lee K Ryder ER Rytina IS Fentiman 2002 Occult axillary lymph node metastases are of no prognostic significance in breast cancer Br J Cancer 86 396 401
58. HJ Kahn WM Hanna JA Chapman 2006 Biological significance of occult micrometastases in histologically negative axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer patients using the recent American Joint Committee on Cancer breast cancer staging system Breast J 12 291 293
59. I Langer WR Marti U Guller 2005 Axillary recurrence rate in breast cancer patients with negative sentinel lymph node (SLN) or SLN micrometastases Ann Surg 241 152 158
60. JM Guenther NM Hansen LA DiFronzo AE Giuliano JC Collins BL Grube 2003 Axillary dissection is not required for all patients with breast cancer and positive sentinel nodes Arch Surg 138 52 56
61. JS Fant MD Grant SM Knox SA Livingston K Ridl RC Jones 2003 Preliminary outcome analysis in patients with breast cancer and a positive sentinel lymph node who declined axillary dissection Ann Surg Oncol 10 126 130
62. WC Liang BJ Sickle-Santanello TA Nims 2001 Is a completion axillary dissection indicated for micrometastases in the sentinel lymph node? Am J Surg 182 365 368
63. H Rutledge J Davis R Chiu M Cibull Y Brill P McGrath L Samayoa 2005 Sentinel node micrometastasis in breast carcinoma may not be an indication for complete axillary dissection Mod Pathol 18 6 762 768
64. K Fournier A Schiller RR Perry C Laronga 2004 Micrometastasis in the sentinel lymph node of breast cancer does not mandate completion axillary dissection Ann Surg 239 6 859 863 discussion 863-865
65. S Wong C Chao M Edwards 2001 The use of cytokeratin staining in sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer Am J Surg 182 330 334
66. N Klauber-Demore LK Tan L Liberman 2000 Sentinel lymph node biopsy: Is it indicated in patients with high-risk ductal carcinoma-insitu and ductal carcinoma-in-situ with microinvasion? Ann Surg Oncol 7 636 642
67. JF Lara SM Young RE Velilla EJ Santoro SF Templeton 2003 The relevance of occult axillary micrometastasis in ductal carcinoma in situ: a clinicopathologic study with long-term follow-up Cancer 98 10 2105 2113
68. CS Bland 1981 The Halsted mastectomy: present illness and past history West J Med 134 6 549 555
69. J Vaidya J Vyas R Chinoy 1996 Multicentricity of breast cancer: whole organ analysis and clinical implications Br J Cancer 74 820 824
70. M Baum J Vaidya I Mittra 1997 Multicentricity and recurrence of breast cancer Lancet 349 9046 208
71. B Fisher S Anderson J Bryant 2002 Twenty-year follow-up of a randomized trial comparing total mastectomy, lumpectomy, and lumpectomy plus irradiation for the treatment of invasive breast cancer N Engl J Med 347 16 1233 1241
72. C Louis-Sylvestre K Clough B Asselain 2004 Axillary treatment in conservative management of operable breast cancer: dissection or radiotherapy? Results of a randomized study with 15 years of follow-up J Clin Oncol 22 97 101
73. G Cserni I Amendoeira N Apostolikas 2004 Discrepancies in current practice of pathological evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer. Results of a questionnaire based survey by the European Working Group for Breast Screening Pathology J Clin Pathol 57 695 701
74. I De Mascarel G MacGrogan V Picot S Mathoulin-Pelissier 2002 Prognostic significance of immunohistochemically detected breast cancer node metastases in 218 patients Br J Cancer 87 70 74
75. S Singletary G Greene L Sobin 2003 Classification of isolated tumor cells: clarification of the 6th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Manual Cancer 98 2740 2741
76. NM Hansen X Ye BJ Grube AE Giuliano 2004 Manipulation of the primary breast tumor and the incidence of sentinel node metastases from invasive breast cancer Arch Surg 139 634 640
77. C Peters-Engl P Konstantiniuk C Tausch 2004 The impact of preoperative breast biopsy on the risk of sentinel lymph node metastases: analysis of 2502 cases from the Austrian Sentinel Node Biopsy Group Br J Cancer 91 1782 1786
78. KH Moore HT Thaler LK Tan 2004 Immunohistochemically detected tumor cells in the sentinel nodes of patients with breast carcinoma Cancer 100 929 934
79. S Kinoshita K Uchida S Kyoda H Shioya H Takeyama T Morikawa 2007 Impact of fine-needle aspiration on long-term survival rate and axillary lymph node micrometastasis in patients with early breast cancer Breast J 13 2 216 217
80. NM Diaz CE Cox M Ebert JD Clark V Vrcel N Stowell A Sharma JW Jakub A Cantor BA Centeno E Dupont C Muro-Cacho S Nicosia 2004 Benign mechanical transport of breast epithelial cells to sentinel lymph nodes Am J Surg Pathol 28 12 1641 1645
81. KU Chu RR Turner NM Hansen MB Brennan A Bilchik AE Giuliano 1999 Do all patients with sentinel node metastasis from breast carcinoma need complete axillary node dissection? Ann Surg 229 4 536 541
82. T Nagashima M Sakakibara S Nakano N Tanabe R Nakamura Y Nakatani Y Nagai K Koda M Miyazaki 2006 Sentinel node micrometastasis and distant failure in breast cancer patients Breast Cancer 13 2 186 191
83. A Ganaraj JA Kuhn RC Jones MD Grant VR Andrews SM Knox GJ Netto B Altrabulsi SA Livingston TM McCarty 2003 Predictors for nonsentinel node involvement in breast cancer patients with micrometastases in the sentinel lymph node Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 16 1 3 6