The processing of thin ideals in fashion magazines: A source of social comparison or fantasy?

Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology

Volumn 28, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 73-93

  Tiggemann, Marika ^a   Polivy, Janet ^b   Hargreaves, Duane ^b  

^a FLINDERS UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 61449122162     PISSN: 07367236     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1521/jscp.2009.28.1.73     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Bell, B. T., Lawton, R., & Dittmar, H. (2007). The impact of thin models in music videos on adolescent girls' body dissatisfaction. Body Image, 4, 137-145.
2. Bessenoff, G. R. (2006). Can the media affect us? Social comparison, self-discrepancy, and the thin ideal. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 30, 239-251.
3. Birkeland., R., Thompson, J. K., Herbozo, S., Roehrig, M., Cafri, G., & van den Berg, P. (2005). Media exposure, mood, and body image dissatisfaction: An experimental test of person versus product priming. Body image, 2, 53-61.
4. Cattarin, J. A., Thompson, J. K., Thomas, C., & Williams, R. (2000). Body image, mood, and televised images of attractiveness: The role of social comparison. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 19, 220-239.
5. Champion, H., & Furnham, A. (1999). The effect of the media on body satisfaction in adolescent girls. European Eating Disorders Review, 7, 213-228.
6. Engeln-Maddox, R. (2006). Buying a beauty standard or dreaming of a new life? Expectations associated with media ideals. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 30, 258-266.
7. Evans, P. C. (2003). "If only I were thin like her, maybe I could be happy like her": The self-implications of associating a thin female ideal with life success. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 27, 209-214.
8. Garrow, J. S., & Webster, B. S. (1985). Quetelet's Index (W/H2) as a measure of fatness. International Journal of Obesity, 9, 147-153.
9. Groesz, L. M., Levine, M. P., & Murnen, S. K. (2002). The effect of experimental presentation of thin media images on body satisfaction: A meta-analytic review. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 31, 1-16.
10. Halliwell, E., & Dittmar, H. (2005). The role of self-improvement and self-evaluation motives in social comparisons with idealized female bodies in the media. Body Image, 2, 249-261.
11. Harrison, K. (2000). The body electric: Thin ideal media and eating disorders in adolescents. Journal of Communication, 50, 119-143.
12. Harrison, K., & Cantor, J. (1997). The relationship between media consumption and eating disorders. Journal of Communication, 47, 40-67.
13. Heatherton, T. F., & Polivy, J. (1991). Development and validation of a scale for measuring state self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 895-910.
14. Heinberg, L. J., & Thompson, J. K. (1995). Body image and televised images of thinness and attractiveness: A controlled laboratory investigation. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 14, 1-14.
15. Henderson-King, E., & Henderson-King, D. (1997). Media effects on women's body esteem: Social and individual difference factors. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27, 399-417.
16. Joshi, R., Herman C. P., & Polivy, J. (2004). Self-enhancing effects of exposure to thin body images. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 35, 333-341.
17. Levine, M. P., & Smolak, L. (1996). Media as a context for the development of disordered eating. In L. Smolak & M. P. Levine (Eds.), The developmental psychopathology of eating disorders: Implications for research, prevention, and treatment (pp. 235-257). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
18. Major, B., Testa, M., & Bylsma, W. H. (1991). Responses to upward and downward social comparisons: The impact of esteem-relevance and perceived control. In J. M. Suls & T. A. Wills (Eds.), Social comparison: Contemporary theory and research (pp. 237-260). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
19. Malkin, A. R., Wornian, K., & Chrisler, J. C. (1999). Women and weight: Gendered messages on magazine covers. Sex Roles, 40, 647-655.
20. Martin, M. C., & Gentry, J. W. (1997). Stuck in the model trap: The effects of beautiful models in ads on female pre-adolescents and adolescents. The Journal of Advertising, 36, 19-33.
21. Mills, J. S., Polivy, J., Herman, C. P., & Tiggemann, M. (2002). Effects of exposure to thin media images: Evidence of self-enhancement among restrained eaters. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 1687-1699.
22. Myers, P. N., & Biocca, F. A. (1992). The elastic body image: The effect of television advertising and programming on body image distortions in young women. Journal of Communication, 42, 108-133.
23. Nemeroff, C. J., Stein, R. I., Diehl, N. S., & Smilack, K. M. (1994). From the Cleavers to the Clintons: Role choices and body orientation as reflected in magazine article content. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 26, 167-176.
24. Ogden, J., & Mundray, K. (1996). The effect of the media on body satisfaction: The role of gender and size. European Eating Disorders Review, 4, 171-182.
25. Polivy, J., & Herman, C. P. (2004). Sociocultural idealization of thin female body shapes: An introduction to the special issue on body image and eating disorders. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 23, 1-6.
26. Posavac, H. D., Posavac, S. S., & Posavac, E. J. (1998). Exposure to media images of female attractiveness and concern with body weight among young women. Sex Roles, 38, 187-201.
27. Silverstein, B., Perdue, L., Peterson, B., & Kelly, E. (1986). The role of the mass media in promoting a thin standard of bodily attractiveness for women. Sex Roles, 24, 519-532.
28. Stice, E. (1994). Review of the evidence for a sociocultural model of bulimia nervosa and an exploration of the mechanisms of action. Clinical Psychology Review, 14, 633-661.
29. Stice, E., Schupak-Neuberg, E., Shaw, H. E., & Stein, R. I. (1994). Relation of media exposure to eating disorder symptomatology: An examination of mediating mechanisms. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 836-840.
30. Stice, E., & Shaw, H. E. (1994). Adverse effects of the media portrayed thin-ideal on women, and linkages to bulimic symptomatology. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 13, 288-308.
31. Thompson, J. K., Heinberg, L. J., Altabe, M., & Tantleff-Dunn, S. (1999). Exacting beauty: Theory, assessment, and treatment of body image disturbance. Washington: American Psychological Association.
32. Thomsen, S. R., McCoy, J. K., Gustafson, R. L., & Williams, M. (2002). Motivations for reading beauty and fashion magazines and anorexic risk in college-age women. Media Psychology, 4, 113-135.
33. Tiggemann, M. (2002). Media influences on body image development. In T.F. Cash & T. Pruzinsky (Eds.), Body image: A handbook of theory, research, and clinical practice. New York: Guilford.
34. Tiggemann, M. (2005a). The state of body image research in clinical and social psychology. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 24, 1202-1210.
35. Tiggemann, M. (2005b). Television and adolescent body image: The role of program content and viewing motivation. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 24, 193-213.
36. Tiggemann, M., & Boundy, M. (2008). Effect of environment and appearance compliment on mood, body shame and cognitive performance: The role of self-objectification. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 32, 399-405.
37. Tiggemann, M., Gardiner, M., & Slater, A. (2000). "I would rather be a size 10 than have straight A's": A focus group study of adolescent girls' wish to be thinner. Journal of Adolescence, 23, 645-659.
38. Tiggemann, M., & McGill, B. (2004). The role of social comparison in the effect of magazine advertisements on women's mood and body dissatisfaction. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 23, 23-44.
39. Tiggemann, M., & Slater, A. (2004). Thin ideals in music television: A source of social comparison and body dissatisfaction. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 35, 48-58.
40. van den Berg, P., & Thompson, J. K. (2007). Self-schema and social comparison explanations of body dissatisfaction: A laboratory investigation. Body Image, 4, 29-38.
41. Wanke, M., Bless, H., & Igou, E. (2001). Next to a star: Paling, shining, or both? Turning inter-exemplar contrast into inter-exemplar assimilation. Personality and Social Psychology, 27, 14-29.
42. Wilcox, K., & Laird, J. D. (2000). The impact of media images of super-slender women on women's self-esteem: Identification, social comparison, and self-perception. Journal of Research in Personality, 34, 278-286.
43. World Health Organization. (1998). Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.