The historical quest for "ancient Israel" and the linguistic evidence of the Hebrew Bible: Some methodological observations

Vetus Testamentum

Volumn 47, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 301-315

  Hurvitz, Avi ^a  

^a NONE   (Israel)

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EID: 61249678013     PISSN: 00424935     EISSN: 15685330     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1163/1568533972651513     Document Type: Review

References (36)

1. Suggested in recent years-with more or less the same conceptual attitudes-by other scholars as well; cf. B. Halpern's critical review in IOUDAIOS {an electronic discussion group whose address is @VM1.TORKU.CA), and his article, "Erasing History-The Minimalist Assault of Ancient Israel", Bible Review (December 1995).
2. Following E.A. Knauf, "War 'Biblisch-Hebraisch' eine Sprache", ZAH 3 (1990), pp. 11-23.
3. M. Ehrensvard, "Once again: The Problem of Dating Biblical Hebrew", Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament 11 (1997), pp. 29-40
4. F.H. Cryer, "The Problem of Dating Biblical Hebrew and the Hebrew of Daniel
5. K. Jeppesen, K. Nielsen and B. Rosendal [ed.], In the Last Days-on Jewish and Christian Apocalyptic and its Period TAarhus, 1994], pp. 185-98.
6. A. Bendavid, The Literary(!) Hebrew in the Second Temple Period", in Biblical Hebrew and Mishnaic Hebrew (Tel-Aviv, 1967), pp. 60-94 (in Hebrew);
7. Ch. Rabin, "Hebrew and Aramaic in the First Century", in S. Safrai and M. Stern (ed.), The Jewish People in the First Century 2 (Assen, Maastricht and Philadelphia, 1976), pp. 1007-39
8. E. Ullendorff ("Is Biblical Hebrew a Language", BSOAS 34 [19711, pp. 241-55).
9. I. Gluska, The Influences of Aramaic on Mishnaic Hebrew (Hebrew) (Ph.D. diss., Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 1987).
10. W. Gesenius, Geschichte der hebraischen Sprache und Schrift (Leipzig 1815 [ reprinted Hildesheim and New York 1973]) p. 25;
11. M. Wagner, Die lexikalischen und grammatikalischen Aramaismen im alttesta-mentlichen Hebraisch, B%AW 96 (Berlin, 1966), pp. 6-7; Bendavid (n. 5), pp. 64-74;
12. A. Hurvitz, "The Chronological Significance of 'Aramaisms' in Biblical Hebrew", IEJ 18 (1968), pp. 234-40; Rabin (n. 5), pp. 1012-13;
13. R. Polzin, Late Biblical Hebrew: Toward an Historical Typology of Biblical Hebrew Prose (Missoula, 1976), p. 11;
14. J. Naveh and J.C. Greenfield, "Hebrew and Aramaic in the Persian Period", in W.D. Davies and L. Finkelstein (ed.), The Cambridge History of Judaism 1 (Introduction; The Persian Period; Cambridge, 1984), pp. 118-22.
15. T.A. Sebeok (ed.), Current Trends in Linguistics 6 (The Hague and Paris, 1970), pp. 304-46;
16. M.F. Rooker, "The Diachronic Study of Biblical Hebrew", JNSL 14 (1988), pp. 199-214;
17. A. Saenz-Badillos, A History of the Hebrew Language (Cambridge, 1993; with a rich and extensive bibliography).
18. Cf. A. Hurvitz, "Continuity and Innovation in Biblical Hebrew-The Case of 'Semantic Change' in Post-Exilic Writings", in T. Muraoka (ed.), Studies in Ancient Hebrew Semantics (Louvain, 1995), p. 10, n. 29.
19. G. Bergstrasser, Hebrdische Grammatik (Leipzig, 1918), § 2h, p. 11
20. J. Blau, Kirjath Sepher 48 [1972-3], p. 222 [in Hebrew]);
21. E.Y. Kutscher, "Marginal Note . . ." (Hebrew), Lesonenu 31 (1966-7), pp. 280-2;
22. A. Hurvitz, The Transition Period in Biblical Hebrew-A Study in Post-Exilic Hebrew and Its implications for the Dating of Psalms (Hebrew) (Jerusalem, 1972), pp. 26-56, 177-9
23. Cf. F.M. Cross and D.N. Freedman, Early Hebrew Orthography-A Study of the Epigraphic Evidence (New Haven, Conn., 1952);
24. Z. Zevit, Matres Lectionis in Ancient Hebrew Epigraphs (Cambridge, Mass., 1980);
25. A.R. Millard, "Variable Spelling in Hebrew and Other Ancient Texts", JTS, NS 42 (1991), pp. 106-15; Cryer (n. 4), pp. 187-90.
26. S.R. Driver Hebrew authority D.G. Hogarth (ed.) Authority and Archaeology-Sacred and Profane London 1899 p. 92
27. G.A. Cooke, A Text-Book of North-Semitic Inscriptions (Oxford, 1903), p. 16 (on the Siloam inscription);
28. H. Torczyner, Lachish I (Tell Ed Duweir)-The Lachish Letters (London, 1938), p. 17 (on the Lachish Letters).
29. J.C.L. Gibson, Textbook of Syrian Semitic Inscriptions 1 (Oxford, 1971), pp. 22, 27, 36;
30. M.H. Segal, The Language of Ben Sira" (Hebrew), Lesonenu 7 (1935-6) 100-20
31. T. Muraoka and J.F. Elwolde (ed.), Leiden Symposium on the Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Book of Ben Sira (11-14 December 1995) (in the press).
32. E.Y. Kutscher The Hebrew and Aramaic Letters of Bar-Koseba and his Contemporaries. Part II: The Hebrew Letters", Lesonenu 26 ( 1961)7-23
33. M.H. Segal Misnaic Hebrew and its Relation to Biblical Hebrew and to Aramaic", JOR 20 ( 1908) 647-737
34. A.F. Rainey, "Uncritical Criticism", JAOS 115 (1995), p. 102.
35. Z. Zevit Association for Jewish Studies Review 20 ( 1995) p. 155
36. D.N. Freedman andJ.C. Geoghegan, 'House of David' is There!", BAR ( July/August 1994) p. 79