The Bureau of Human Rights during the Carter administration

Historian

Volumn 61, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 51-66

  Kaufman, Victor S ^a  

^a OHIO UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 61249427679     PISSN: 00182370     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6563.1998.tb01423.x     Document Type: Review

References (60)

1. Burton I. Kaufman, The Presidency of James Earl Carter, Jr. (Lawrence, Kan., 1993), 38
2. Joshua Muravchik, The Uncertain Crusade: Jimmy Carter and the Dilemmas of Human Rights Policy (Lanham, Md., 1986), 2-4
3. A. Glenn Mower Jr., Human Rights and American Foreign Policy: The Carter and Reagan Experiences (New York, 1987), 14-15
4. James Earl Carter Jr., Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, 1977-81, vol. 1 (Washington, D.C., 1977), 2
5. Cyrus Vance, "Human Rights and Foreign Policy," Department of State Bulletin, 23 May 1977, 505
6. Draft of Presidential Review Memorandum/NSC-28, "Human Rights," 7 July 1977, 32-43
7. White House Office of the Counsel to the President, box 19, Jimmy Carter Library, Atlanta, Georgia (hereafter JCL)
8. Raymond Bonner, Waltzing with a Dictator: The Marcoses and the Making of American Foreign Policy (New York, 1987), 180
9. Angus Deming, "Carter's Point Woman," Newsweek, 16 May 1977, 70
10. Bonner, Waltzing with a Dictator, 180
11. Howard Warshawsky, "The Department of State and Human Rights Policy: A Case Study of the Human Rights Bureau," World Affairs 142 (1980): 194
12. Lincoln Bloomfield, "The Carter Human Rights Policy: A Provisional Appraisal," 11 January 1981, 13, Donated Historical Material - Brzezinski, box 34, JCL
13. Maynard, "The Bureaucracy and Implementation of U.S. Human Rights Law," 1979-80
14. Cyrus Vance, Hard Choices: Critical Years in America's Foreign Policy (New York, 1983), 265
15. Jimmy Carter, Keeping Faith: Memoirs of a President (New York, 1982), 146
16. Muravchik, The Uncertain Crusade, 36
17. House Subcommittee on International Organizations, Human Rights Conditions in Selected Countries and the U.S. Response, 95th Cong., 2d sess., 25 July 1978, 32-33
18. "Secretary Vance Interviewed on 'Face the Nation,'" Department of State Bulletin, 21 March 1977, 247
19. Roberta Cohen, "Human Rights Diplomacy: The Carter Administration and the Southern Cone," Human Rights Quarterly 4 (1982): 222
20. Rosalynn Carter, First Lady from Plains (Boston, 1984), 213
21. Caleb Rossiter and Anne-Marie Smith, "Human Rights: The Carter Record, the Reagan Reaction," International Policy Report, September 1984, 14-17
22. Stephen B. Cohen, "Conditioning U.S. Security Assistance on Human Rights Practices," American Journal of International Law 76 (1982): 270
23. Bloomfield, "The Carter Human Rights Policy: A Provisional Appraisal," 11, 12
24. Bernard Gwertzman, "Vance Says the U.S. Won't Be Strident over Rights Abroad," New York Times, 1 February 1977, A1
25. Bloomfield, "The Carter Human Rights Policy: A Provisional Appraisal," 12
26. John Dumbrell, The Carter Presidency: A Reevaluation (Manchester, 1993), 125-26
27. Gaddis Smith, Morality, Reason, and Power: American Diplomacy in the Carter Years (New York, 1986), 38, 67-68
28. Zbigniew Brzezinski, Power and Principle: Memoirs of the National Security Adviser, 1977-1981, rev. ed. (New York, 1985), 128
29. Warshawsky, "The Department of State and Human Rights Policy," 195
30. Maynard, "The Bureaucracy and the Implementation of U.S. Human Rights Law," 1977, 180-81, 186
31. Bloomfield, "The Carter Human Rights Policy: A Provisional Appraisal," 14-15
32. Quoted in Maynard, "The Bureaucracy and Implementation of US Human Rights Law," 207
33. Lars Schoultz, Human Rights and United States Policy toward Latin America (Princeton, 1981), 150-51
34. Peter C. Stuart, "Human Rights: New, Low Profile," Christian Science Monitor, 29 January 1979, 4
35. see also David P. Forsythe, Human Rights and U.S. Foreign Policy: Congress Reconsidered (Gainesville, 1988)
36. Mower, Human Rights and American Foreign Policy, 73
37. Dumbrell, The Carter Presidency, 186
38. House Subcommittee on International Trade, Investment, and Monetary Policy, To Extend and Amend the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945, 95th Cong., 1st sess., 25 and 28 March 1977, 83
39. Senate Subcommittee on International Organizations, Foreign Relations Authorization Act, 95th Cong., 1st sess., 1, 21, 22, 27, and 29 April 1977, 225
40. Schoultz, Human Rights and United States Policy toward Latin America, 285-87
41. Brzezinski to Carter, 13 April 1977, White House Office of Counsel to the President, box 19, JCL
42. Congressional Quarterly Almanac: 1977 (Washington, D.C., 1977), 375
43. Stephen Cohen, "Conditioning U.S. Security Assistance on Human Rights Practices," 252-54, 273-75
44. Stephen Cohen, "Conditioning U.S. Security Assistance on Human Rights Practices," 275
45. House Subcommittee on Asian and Pacific Affairs and on International Organizations, Human Rights in Asia: Noncommunist Countries, 96th Cong., 2d sess., 4, 6 and 7, February 1980, 192
46. Vance, Hard Choices, 126-27, 325
47. Brzezinski, Power and Principle, 145
48. David Skidmore, "Carter and the Failure of Foreign Policy Reform," Political Science Quarterly 108 (Winter 1993-94): 699-729
49. Smith, Morality, Reason, and Power, 68
50. Congressional Quarterly Almanac: 1979 (Washington, D.C., 1979), 126
51. Stephen Cohen, "Conditioning U.S. Security Assistance on Human Rights Practices," 273
52. Bloomfield, "The Carter Human Rights Policy: A Provisional Appraisal," 21
53. House Subcommittee, Human Rights in Asia, 183, 192
54. Graham Hovey, "U.S. Says It Remains Concerned over Human Rights in Argentina," New York Times, 3 June 1980, A4
55. Ann Crittenden, "Human Rights and Mrs. Derian," New York Times, 31 May 1980, A16
56. Maynard, "The Bureaucracy and Implementation of U.S. Human Rights Law," 183
57. See Maynard, "The Bureaucracy and Implementation of U.S. Human Rights Law," 182-85, 188-91
58. Aryeh Neier, "Watching Rights," Nation 258 (24 January 1994): 79
59. Midge Decter, "The State Department vs. America," Commentary 98 (November 1994): 65-67
60. Alan Tonelson, "Power and Human Rights: A Post-Cold War Dilemma," Current, no. 371 (March/April 1995): 32-36