Empire and national identities the case of Scotland

Transactions of the Royal Historical Society

Volumn 8, Issue , 1998, Pages 215-231

  MacKenzie, John M ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 61149108857     PISSN: 00804401     EISSN: 14740648     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/3679295     Document Type: Review

References (110)

1. J. R. Seeley, The Expansion of England: Two Courses of Lectures (London, 1883), p. 130.
2. Jenny Wormald, 'The Creation of Britain: Multiple Kingdoms or Core and Colonies', Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, sixth series, II (1992), p. 194.
3. Patriotism: the Making and Unmaking of British National Identity, 3 vols., ed. Raphael Samuel (London, 1909);
4. 'History, the Nation and the Schools', Special Feature, History Workshop, 29 (spring, 1990), pp. 92-133.
5. Simon Schama, Landscape and Memory (London, 1995);
6. Jane M. Jacobs, Edge of Empire: Postcolonialism and the City (London, 1996).
7. Wormald, 'Creation of Britain'; Scots and Britons: Scottish Political Thought and the Union of 1603, ed. Roger A. Mason (Cambridge, 1994);
8. Charles W.J. Withers, 'Royalty and Empire: Scotland and the Making of Great Britain, 1603-1661', Scottish Geographical Magazine, 113 (1997), pp. 22-32.
9. Seeley, Expansion, p. 131.
10. The most recent examination of this myth of English national character is Jeffrey Richards, Films and British National Identity: From Dickens to Dad's Army (Manchester, 1997).
11. Linda Colley, Britons, Forging the Nation 1707-1837 (New Haven and London, 1992).
12. Edward Said, Orientalism (London, 1978);
13. Culture and Imperialism (London, 1993).
14. Christine Bolt, Victorian Attitudes to Race (London, 1971);
15. Douglas A. Lorimer, Colour, Class and the Victorians (Leicester, 1978);
16. The Expansion of England: Race, Ethnicity and Cultural History, ed. Bill Schwarz (London, 1996).
17. Anthony D. Smith, National Identity (Harmondsworth, 1991).
18. See, for example, Arnold White, Efficiency and Empire, edited by G. R. Searle (Brighton, 1983, first published London, 1901);
19. Alfred Stead, Great Japan, a Study in National Efficiency (London, 1906);
20. Sir Henry Norman, The Peoples and Politics of the Far East (London, 1907).
21. Prys Morgan, 'From a Death to a View: the Hunt for the Welsh Past in the Romantic Period', in The Invention of Tradition, ed. Eric Hobsbawm and Terence Ranger (Cambridge, 1983), pp. 43-100.
22. Jeanne Sheehy, The Rediscovery of Ireland's Past: the Celtic Revival 1830-1930 (London, 1986).
23. Martin Green, Dreams of Adventure, Deeds of Empire (London, 1980).
24. Gwyn A. Williams, When Was Wales? (Harmondsworth, 1991), pp. 124-5, 139, 225.
25. Kenneth O. Morgan, Rebirth of a Nation: Wales 1880-1980 (Oxford, 1981), pp. 30-1, 45.
26. Richard Allen Cave, 'Staging the Irishman' in J. S. Bratton et al., Acts of Supremacy: The British Empire and the Stage, 1790-1930 (Manchester, 1991), pp. 62-128;
27. An Irish Empire? Aspects of Ireland and the British Empire, ed. Keith Jeffery (Manchester, 1996).
28. Dai Smith, Wales! Wales? (London, 1984), pp. 29-32.
29. Colley, Britons, p. 83;
30. Irene Maver, 'The Guardianship of the Community: Civic Authority Before 1833' in Glasgow: Vol. 1: Beginnings to 1830, ed. T. M. Devine and Gordon Jackson (Manchester, 1995), pp. 244, 259.
31. G.J. Bryant, 'Scots in India in the Eighteen Century', Scottish Historical Review, lxiv (1985), pp. 22-41;
32. Bruce Lenman, The Jacobite Clans of the Great Glen, 1650-1784 (London, 1984), pp. 209, 217-18.
33. Murray Pittock, The Invention of Scotland: the Stuart Myth and the Scottish Identity, 1638 to the Present (London, 1991);
34. see also Colin Kidd, Subverting Scotland's Past: Scottish Whig Historians and the Creation of an Anglo-British Identity, 1689-c.1830 (Cambridge, 1993)
35. and The Manufacture of Scottish History, eds. Ian Donnachie and Christopher Whatley (Edinburgh, 1992).
36. John M. MacKenzie, 'David Livingstone: the Construction of the Myth', in Sermons and Battle Hymns: Protestant Popular Culture in Modern Scotland, ed. Graham Walker and Tom Gallagher (Edinburgh, 1990), pp. 24-42;
37. John M. MacKenzie, 'David Livingstone and the Worldly After-Life: Imperialism and Nationalism in Africa' in David Livingstone and the Victorian Encounter with Africa, ed. John M. MacKenzie (London, 1996) pp. 201-17.
38. T.M. Devine, 'The Golden Age of Tobacco' and Gordon Jackson, 'New Horizons in Trade' in Glasgow, ed. Devine and Jackson.
39. George Kirk McGilvary, 'East India Patronage and the Political Management of Scotland, 1720-74' (Ph.D. thesis, The Open University in Scotland, 1989);
40. Michael Fry, The Dundas Despotism (Edinburgh, 1992).
41. John Riddy, 'Warren Hastings: Scotland's Benefactor' in The Impeachment of Warren Hastings, ed. Geoffrey Carnall and Colin Nicholson (Edinburgh, 1989), pp. 30-57;
42. Jane Rendall, 'Scottish Orientalism: from Robertson to James Mill', The Historical Journal, 25 (1982), pp. 43-69;
43. Martha McLaren, 'Writing and Making History: Thomas Munro, John Malcolm, and Mountstuart Elphinstone: Three Scotsmen in the History and Historiography of British India' (Ph.D. thesis, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, 1992).
44. John D. Hargreaves, Academe and Empire: Some Overseas Connections of Aberdeen University 1860-1970 (Aberdeen, 1994), pp. 26, 28, 34-5, 62-5 and passim.
45. John M. MacKenzie, 'On Scotland and the Empire', International History Review, XV (1993). p. 734.
46. David S. Macmillan, 'Scottish Enterprise and Influences in Canada, 1620-1900'
47. and James G. Parker, 'Scottish Enterprise in India, 1750-1914' in The Scots Abroad, ed. R. A. Cage;
48. The Thistle and the Jade: a Celebration of 150 Years of Jardine Matheson and Co., ed. Maggie Keswick (London, 1982).
49. MacKenzie, 'Scotland and the Empire', pp. 732-7;
50. the notion of the Scottish ethic is based upon George Elder Davie, The Democratic Intellect: Scotland and her Universities in the Nineteenth Century (Edinburgh, 1961).
51. See also A Union for Empire: Political Thought and the British Union of 1707, ed. James Robertson (Cambridge, 1995).
52. David S. Forsyth, 'Empire and Union: Imperial and National Identity in Nineteenth-Century Scotland', Scottish Geographical Magazine, 113 (1997), pp. 7-8.
53. Hargreaves, Academe and Empire, passim;
54. see also John D. Hargreaves, Aberdeenshire to Africa: Northeast Scots and British Overseas Expansion (Aberdeen, 1981).
55. For the scientific reputation of David Livingstone see Dr. Livingstone's Cambridge Lectures Together with a Prefatory Letter by the Rev. Professor Sedgwick, ed. with an introduction, life of Dr Livingstone, notes and appendix by the Rev. William Monk (London, 1858).
56. Richard Grove, Green Imperialism: Colonial Expansion, Tropical Island Edens and the Origins of Environmentalism, 1600-1860 (Cambridge, 1995), pp. 312, 347;
57. Richard Grove, 'Scottish Missionaries, Evangelical Discourses and the Origins of Conservation Thinking in Southern Africa, 1820-1900' in Ecology, Climate and Empire: Colonialism and Global Environmental History, 1400-1940, ed. Grove (Cambridge, 1997) pp. 86-123.
58. John Croumbie Brown, Management of Crown Forests at the Cape of Good Hope Under the Old Regime and the New (Edinburgh, 1887), p. iii.
59. See, for example, Anthony Trollope, Australia (London, 1873), p. 420;
60. Sir Charles Wentworth Dilke, Greater Britain (London, 1872), pp. 373-4 and 533;
61. J. A. Froude, Oceana or England and Her Colonies (London, 1886), p. 116.
62. For a survey of this literature, see MacKenzie 'Scotland and the Empire'. As well as Gibb's Scottish Empire (London, 1937), he also published Scotland in Eclipse (London, 1930) and Scotland Resurgent (Stirling, 1950).
63. MacKenzie, 'Livingstone, Construction of the Myth', pp. 32-5.
64. Stana Nenadic, 'The Victorian Middle Classes' in Glasgow: Vol. II, 1830-1912
65. ed. W. Hamish Fraser and Irene Maver (Manchester, 1996), p. 288.
66. Cheryl McEwan, '"The Mother of all the Peoples": Geographical Knowledge and the Empowering of Mary Slessor' in Geography and Imperialism 1820-1940, ed. Morag Bell, Robin Butlin and Michael Heffernan (Manchester, 1996), pp. 125-50;
67. Gordon Stewart, Jute and Empire (Manchester, forthcoming 1998).
68. J. O. Springhall, Youth, Empire and Society (London, 1977);
69. Sure and Stedfast: a History of the Boys' Brigade, 1883-1983 (London, 1983).
70. John M. MacKenzie, 'The Provincial Geographical Societies in Britain, 1884-1914' in Geography and Imperialism, ed. Bell et al., pp. 93-124.
71. Angus Calder, 'Samuel Smiles: the Unexpurgated Version', The Raven Anarchist Quarterly, v (1992), pp. 79-89.
72. John McCracken, Politics and Christianity in Malawi, 1875-1940 (Cambridge, 1977).
73. F. L. M. Moir, After Livingstone: an African Trade Romance (London, n.d.);
74. Gibb, Scottish Empire, p. 147;
75. Thistle and the Jade, ed. Keswick.
76. Sir Thomas J. Lipton, Leaves from the Lipton Logs (London, 1931);
77. Bob Crampsey, The King's Grocer: The Life of Sir Thomas Lipton (Glasgow, 1995).
78. Perilla Kinchin and Juliet Kinchin, Glasgow's Great Exhibitions (Bicester, 1988), pp. 17-53;
79. Illustrated London News, 12 May 1888. The Glasgow Room of the Mitchell Library, Glasgow, holds albums of cuttings and photographs relating to this exhibition.
80. Official Catalogue, Scottish Exhibition, Glasgow, 1911;
81. Souvenir Album of the Scottish Exhibition of National History, Art and Industry, Glasgow 1911;
82. Scottish Exhibition of National History, Art and Industry, Glasgow 1911, Palace of History, Catalogue of Exhibits, 2 vols., Glasgow, 1911.
83. Forsyth, 'Empire and Union', pp. 9-11;
84. Richard J. Finlay, 'The Rise and Fall of Popular Imperialism in Scotland 1850-1950', Scottish Geographical Magazine, 113 (1997), pp. 13-21.
85. Finlay, 'Rise and Fall', pp. 19-20.
86. John M. MacKenzie, Propaganda and Empire (Manchester, 1984), pp. 256-7 and passim.
87. See for example, Scotland's Welcome, 1938, ed. G. F. Maine (Glasgow, 1938);
88. C. A. Oakley, The Second City (London, 1946).
89. Jeffrey Richards, Visions of Yesterday (London, 1973);
90. Imperialism and Juvenile Literature, ed. Jeffrey Richards (Manchester, 1989);
91. See also Richard J. Finlay, '"For or Against?": Scottish Nationalists and the British Empire', Scottish Historical Review, LXXI (1992), pp. 184-206
92. and 'National Identity in Crisis: Politicians, Intellectuals and the "End of Scotland", 1920-1939', History, 79 (1994), pp. 242-59.
93. Kinchin and Kinchin, Glasgow's Great Exhibitions, pp. 127-85;
94. Bob Crampsey, The Empire Exhibition of 1938: the Last Durbar (Edinburgh, 1988);
95. Empire Exhibition, Official Guide (Glasgow, 1938);
96. A Souvenir of the Empire Exhibition (Glasgow, 1938), among many other sources.
97. John M. MacKenzie, 'Glasgow: an Imperial City?' in Felix Driver (ed.), Imperial Cities (Manchester, forthcoming).
98. Michael S. Moss and John R. Hume, Workshop of the British Empire: Engineering and Shipbuilding in the West of Scotland (London, 1977).
99. A History of the North British Locomotive Company Limited (Glasgow, privately published, 1953). p. 10 and passim.
100. Scotland and Europe, 1200-1850, ed. T. C. Smout (Edinburgh, 1986);
101. Scotland and the Sea, ed. T. C. Smout (Edinburgh, 1992);
102. Th. A Fischer, The Scots in Germany: Being a Contribution towards the History of the Scot Abroad (Edinburgh, 1902).
103. Tom Nairn, The Break-Up of Britain (London, 1977).
104. Sir Reginald Coupland, Welsh and Scottish Nationalem (London, 1954).
105. See, for example, Coupland's memorandum on Ireland, July 1933, published in Imperial Policy and Colonial Practice, 1925-45, British Documents on the End of Empire, ed. S. R. Ashton and S. E. Stockwell (London, 1996), Part I, pp. 281-6.
106. Coupland, Welsh and Scottish Nationalism, pp. xv, 12, 113.
107. Tim Williams, 'The Anglicisation of South Wales' in Patriotism, ed. Samuel, vol. II, Minorities and Outsiders, pp. 193-203;
108. Gwyneth Tyson Roberts, '"Under the Hatches"; English Parliamentary Commissioners' Views of the People and Language of Mid-Nineteenth-Century Wales' in The Expansion of England, ed. Schwarz, pp. 171-97.
109. Ian McKay, 'Tartanism Triumphant: The Construction of Scottishness in Nova Scotia, 1933-1954', Acadiensis, XXI (1992), pp. 5-47;
110. Tom Brooking, '"Tom McCanny and Kitty Clydeside" - the Scots in New Zealand' in The Scots Abroad, ed. Cage, pp. 156-90.