Raising Lazarus: Orthodoxy and the factory Narod in St. Petersburg, 1905-1914

Jahrbuecher fuer Geschichte Osteuropas

Volumn 52, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 338-354

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EID: 61049339363     PISSN: 00214019     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (100)

1. ARCHIMANDRITE MIKHAIL V gorode (Povest'-očerk iz žizni svjaščennika), in: Otdych Christianina (1906) tom 2, kn. 10, p. 104
2. See JOHN S. CURTISS Church and State in Russia: The Last Years of the Empire, 1900-1917
3. New York 1940, chapters 5-6, and GREGORY FREEZE The Parish Clergy in Nineteenth Century Russia: Crisis, Reform, Counter-Reform. Princeton 1983, chapter 10
4. Rossiiskij gosudarstvennyj istoričeskij archiv [hereafter RGIA] f. 796, op. 442, d. 2229, ll. 129ob-130. The term "working-class laity," used here and elsewhere in the paper, is a necessarily ambiguous category, since the clergy did not typically think in terms of specific social identities, but rather in terms of traditionally vague categories like "the factory people [narod]," or the "factory population [naselenie]" - which tended to include not only factory workers and their families, but also local artisans and service workers, the poor and unemployed, and any other permanent urban residents in factory areas
5. RGIA f. 796, op. 442, d. 2165, l. 130
6. For a brief history of the ORRP, see SIMON DIXON The Orthodox Church and the Workers of St. Petersburg, 1880-1914, in: European Religion in the Age of the Great Cities, 1830-1930. Ed. by Hugh McLeod. London 1995, pp. 119-141
7. A. SHAPOVALOV Po doroge k marksizmu. Moskva 1922, p. 26
8. N. PAL'MOV Pamjati vydajuščegosja pastyrja-pobornika narodnoj trezvosti, in: Otdych Christianina (1905) no. 8, pp. 19-26
9. WALTER SABLINSKY The Road to Bloody Sunday. Princeton 1976, p. 96
10. On Gapon, see also, G. SURH Petersburg's First Mass Labor Organization: The Assembly of Russian Workers and Father Gapon, in: Russian Review 40 (1981) pp. 241-262, 412-441
11. 9 Janvarja 1905 goda: Vospominanija Lenin. Rabočich- učastnikov janvarskich sobytij, in: Leningradskaja pravda (1925) no. 18, p. 3
12. S. SOMOV IZ istorii socialističeskogo dviženija v Petrograde v 1905 godu, in: Byloe (1907) no. 4, pp. 33-35
13. L. Ia. GUREVICH Narodnoe dviženie v Peterburge 9-go janvarja 1905 goda, in: Byloe (1906) no. 1, p. 209
14. The St. Petersburg Workmen's Petition to the Tsar, January 9, 1905, in: Major Problems in the History of Imperial Russia. Ed. by James Cracraft. Lexington, MA 1994, p. 601
15. For varied but similar accounts of the meetings, see RGIA f. 796, op. 442, d. 2105, ll. 24-88
16. CGIA v Peterburge f. 19, op. 97, d. 7a, ll. 47-52
17. and Janvarskija pastyrskija sobranija stoličnogo duchovenstva po povodu sobytij poslednego vremeni, in: Izvestija po S.-Peterburgskoj eparchii [hereafter, IzSPb] (1905) no. 5, unofficial section, pp. 1-13
18. N. AVIDONOV 9 janvarja 1905 goda i Sinod, in: Byloe ( 1925) pp. 51-57
19. RGIA f. 796, op. 442, d. 2105, ll. 55-59
20. On pastoral trends prior to 1905, see JENNIFER HEDDA Good Shepherds: The St. Petersburg Pastorate and the Emergence of Social Activism in the Russian Orthodox Church. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, 1998, especially chapter 3
21. Cerkovnyj Vestnik [hereafter, CV], 20 January 1905, no. 3, col. 66
22. IzSPb (1905) no. 5, unofficial section, p. 12
23. Pis'mo svjaščennika Grigorika Petrova Mitropolitu Antoniju. S.-Peterburg 1905, p. 7
24. RGIA f. 796, op. 442, d. 2105, l. 54
25. S. ZAVJALOV Istorija ižorskogo zavoda. Moskva 1934, pp. 240-241
26. See also CURTISS Church and State in Russia p. 249
27. D. BOGOLJUBOV O našich duchovno-učebnych zavedenijach v svjazi s zaprosami sovremennosti, in: Missionerskoe obozrenie [hereafter, MO] (March 1905) no. 4, pp. 649-650
28. Quoted in N. ZYR'JANOV Pravoslavnaja cerkov' v bor'be s pervoj russkoj revoljuciej, in: Istoričeskie zapiski (1975) no. 95, pp. 331-332
29. M. ČEL'COV V čem izbavlenie?, in: CV, 10 Feb. 1905, no. 6, col. 171
30. For a list, see HEDDA Good Shepherds pp. 494-496
31. CV, 20 January 1905, no. 3, col. 66
32. Rabočij vopros. S.-Peterburg 1905. Also published as Prot. St. O-v, Rabočij vopros, in: Trezvaja žizn' (1905) no. 12, pp. 83-107. The author was probably the priest, Stepan Ostroumov, a frequent contributor to Otdych Christianina, though only F. Omatskij's name appeared as publisher of the ORRP's press when the piece appeared as a pamphlet
33. Rabočij vopros p. 15
34. PETR POLJAKOV Zabastovali!, in: Trezvaja žizn' (1905) no. 12, p. 76
35. D. BOGOLJUBOV Christianstvo i social-demokratija, in: Cerkovnyj golos (1906) no. 9, p. 266
36. Rabočij vopros p. 4
37. RGIA f. 796, op. 442, d. 2105, 1. 58ob
38. On Putilov, see CGIA v Peterburge f. 19, op. 97, d. 8, ll. 1-11, as cited by DIXON Orthodox Church and the Workers of St. Petersburg pp. 128-129
39. On the Maksvel chapel, see Otčet o dejatel'nosti Obščestva dlja rasprostranenija religiozno-nravstvennogo prosveščenija v duche Pravoslavnoj Cerkvi za 1906 i 1907 gg. [hereafter, Otčet ORRP]. S.-Peterburg 1908, p. 133
40. CGIA v Peterburge f. 19, op. 97, d. 7a, ll. 47-48
41. See also, DIXON The Orthodox Church and the Workers of St. Petersburg pp. 130-131
42. Smutnaja nedelja v Peterburge, in: Pravoslavno-russkoe slovo (1905) no. 1, p. 32
43. RGIA f. 796, op. 442, d. 2165, ll. 90-90ob
44. See, for example, S.-Peterburgskij duchovnyj vestnik (1895) no. 7, p. 158
45. SV. I. FUDEL O značenii cerkovnoj discipliny v narodnoj žizni, in: MO (January 1900) no. 1, pp. 18-37
46. and RGIA f. 796, op. 442, d. 204, l. 122ob
47. Otčet ORRP, p. 171
48. CV, 5 May 1905, no. 18, col. 567
49. Iz dnevnika svjaščennika, in: IzsSP (1907) no. 16, pp. 8-13
50. See, for example, Poezdka na Valaam, in: Pravoslavno-russkoe slovo (June 1905) no. 10, p. 839
51. Cerkov' i rabočij vopros, in: CV, 5 October 1906, no. 40, cols. 1285-1289
52. CV, 10 March 1905, no. 10, cols. 294-297
53. and Počemy molčit duchovenstvo?, in: CV, 17 March 1905, no. 11, cols. 334-336
54. CV, 22 Sept. 1905, no. 38, cols. 1193-1196
55. V. SKVORCOV SO skrižalej serdca, in: MO (October 1905) no. 14/15, p. 805
56. RGIA f. 796, op. 442, d. 2105 (1905), 1. 57-57ob
57. See, for example, ZAVJALOV Istorija ižorskogo zavoda p. 270
58. and Pervaja Russkaja Revoljucija v Peterburge 1905 g. Tom 1. Ed. by C. Zelikson-Bobrovskij. Leningrad, Moskva 1925, p. 160
59. Bezotradnija mysli o mračnych storonach sovremennoj religiozno-nravstvennoj žizni na sv. Rusi, in: MO (September 1905) no. 13, pp. 537-547
60. See, for example, RGIA f. 796, op. 442, d. 1632, ll. 53ob-54
61. RGIA f. 796, op. 442, d. 1407, ll. 38ob-40
62. RGIA f. 796, op, 442, d. 2165, l. 130
63. Sovremennyj byt rabočego klassa, in: Voskresnyj blagovest', 12 November 1906, no. 46, pp. 4-5
64. Otčet ORRP, p. 131 ; IzSPb ( 1908) no. 8/9, pp. 43-44
65. Otcet o dejatel'nosti Aleksandro-Nevskogo Obščestva trezvosti za 1905 i 1906 gg. S.-Peterburg 1907, p. 67
66. O pastyrsko-propovedničeskom sobranii stoličnago duchovenstva, in: IzSPb (1908) no. 4, p. 12
67. Otčet o dejatel'nosti Aleksandro-Nevskogo Obščestva p. 136
68. Pečal'noe proisšestvie, in: S.-Peterburgskija vedomosti, 18/31 March 1907, no. 62, p. 4
69. IzSPb (1908) no. 6/7, pp. 50-51
70. A. S. PANKRATOV Iščuščie boga. Moskva 1911, pp. 8-9
71. RGIA f. 796, op. 442, d. 2229, 1. 133ob. Similar observations could be found in subsequent assessments of the state of the flock
72. See, for example, Pastva S.-Peterburgskoj eparchii v 1910 godu, in: IzSPb (1912) no. 3, pp. 4-5
73. IzSPb (1910) no. 2, p. 21-22
74. CV, 12 Oct. 1906, no. 41, col. 1329; PANKRATOV Iščuš čie boga p. 9
75. CV, 12 June 1908, no. 24, col. 745
76. IzSPb 1908, no. 8/9, p. 56
77. Locations included the Baltic shipyards on Vyborg and the ORRP's church, "Varsavka". See IzSPb (1908) no. 21, p. 25
78. V. I. JASEVIČ-BORODAEVSKAJA Bor'ba za vera. S.-Peterburg 1912, p. 351
79. RGIA f. 796, op. 125, d. 1624, l. 1ob
80. Sv. P. GUBIN Psichologičeskaja točka zrcnija na pričiny rasprostranenija sektantsva i na sposoby i uslovija bor'by s nim, in: MO (April 1900) no. 4, p. 508
81. RGIA f. 821, op. 133, d. 212, l. 20
82. Pastva S.-Peterburgskoj eparchii v 1910 godu, in: IzSPb (1912) no. 1, p.13
83. JASEVIČ-BORODAEVSKAJA Bor'ba za veru p. 348. The image of the sectarian proselytizer was so admired among the people that it became the model for the behavior of priests involved in the "Group of 32" in St. Petersburg
84. PANKRATOV Iščuščie boga p. 6
85. IzSPb (1908) no. 9/8, p. 43
86. For an extensive discussion of the Čurikov phenomenon, see A. S. PRUGAVIN "Bratcy" i trezvenniki: iz oblasti religioznych iskanij. Moskva 1912
87. For more recent treatments, see the insightful discussions by W. ARTHUR MCKEE Sobering Up the People: The Politics of Popular Temperance in Late Imperial Russia, in: Russian Review 58 (1999) pp. 212-233
88. and Mark D. STEINBERG Proletarian Imagination: Self, Modernity, & the Sacred in Russia, 1910-1925. Cornell 2002, pp. 228-230
89. RGIA f. 821, op. 133, d. 212, ll. 149-149ob
90. PRUGAVIN "Bratcy" i trezvenniki p. 22
91. For a 1912 appeal to the Tsar by Čurikov's followers, see RGIA f. 821, op. 133, d. 212, ll. 149-152
92. K. E. LINDEMAN Sbornik rečej o trezvenničeskom dviženii, proiznosennych v sobranijach Central'-nago Komiteta Sojuza 17-go Oktjabrja. Moskva 1913, p. 13
93. LLNDEMAN Sbornik rečej o trezvenničeskom dviženii p. 35
94. ROBERT MCKEAN St. Petersburg Between the Revolutions. Yale 1990, p. 33
95. STEINBERG Proletarian Imagination p. 70
96. For the Church's case against Čurikov in 1912, as well as Čurikov's self-defense, see RGIA f. 821, op. 133, d. 212, ll. 320-328ob
97. See, for example, RGIA f. 796, op. 442, d. 2836 (1914), 1. 49
98. and M. GALKIN Dumy o pastyrstve, in: Prichodskij svjašč ennik (1912) no. 11, pp. 3-7
99. On this point, see L. I. EMELJACH Krest'jane i Cerkov' nakanune Oktjabrja. Leningrad 1976
100. See, for example, Pravoslavnye petrogradskie rabočie o predstojaščem sobore, in: IzSPb (1917) no. 34, pp. 6-7