Welfare and wealth, poverty and justice in today's world

Journal of Ethics

Volumn 8, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 305-348

  Narveson, Jan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Coercion; Cooperation; Egalitarianism; Foreign aid; Free trade; Impartiality; Justice; Morality; Mutual advantage; Pareto; Poverty; Rationality; Restrictions; Wealth; Well being

Indexed keywords

EID: 60950601205     PISSN: 13824554     EISSN: 15728609     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10892-004-4895-1     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. From Larry Temkin, "Welfare and Poverty: A Pluralistic Approach," presented at the symposium "Why Should America Care?," Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 9 November 1998, and at the Gesellschaft für Analytische Philosophie meetings, Bielefeld, Germany, 23 September 2003.
2. Friedrich Nietzsche, "Morgenröte," in Friedrich Nietzsche's Werke in drei Bänder, Volume 1, ed. Karl Schlechta and trans. Fred Hagen and Ursula Nahlendorf (Munich: Verlag, 1960), pp. 1257-1258.
3. Joseph Butler, "Sermons," in L. A. Selbye-Bigge (ed.), British Moralists (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1964). See especially Sermons XI-XII, pp. 225-244.
4. For a fuller statement, see Jan Narveson, "Egalitarianism: Partial, Counter- Productive, and Baseless," Ratio 10 (1997) pp. 280-295;
5. also in Andrew Mason (ed.), Ideals of Equality (London; Blackwell Publishers, 1998), pp.79-94.
6. See Jan Narveson, Respecting Persons in Theory and Practice (Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 2002), Chapter 2.
7. I am grateful to my colleague Brian Orend for suggesting the need for this explanatory note.
8. Brian Barry, Justice as Impartiality (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995).
9. Ronald Dworkin, Sovereign Virtue (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2000), pp. 74-78.
10. I elaborate in Jan Narveson, Respecting Persons in Theory and Practice, Chapter 4.
11. See Narveson, Respecting Persons in Theory and Practice, pp. 279-297.
12. Adam Smith, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, Volume 1 (Indianapolis: Liberty Press, 1982).
13. That seems to be the message of Ted Honderich, After the Terror (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2002). Or see Ted Honderich, "After the Terror: A Book and Further Thoughts," The Journal of Ethics 7 (2003), pp. 161-181.
14. Or see Ted Honderich, "After the Terror: A Book and Further Thoughts," The Journal of Ethics 7 (2003), pp. 161-181.
15. Jared Diamond, Guns, Germs and Steel (New York: Norton, 1997).
16. To get started in the right direction, see Julian Simon, Population Matters (New Brunswick: Transaction Press, 1990). Or more briefly, see Narveson, Respecting Persons in Theory and Practice, Chapter 16.
17. Or more briefly, see Narveson, Respecting Persons in Theory and Practice, Chapter 16.
18. Thomas Pogge, World Poverty and Human Rights (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2002).
19. There are claims that the European Union's policies are indirectly responsible for many deaths in Africa due to this cause. According to one group of investigators, "6600 people die every day in the world because of the trading rules of the EU. That is 275 people every hour.⋯one⋯every 13 seconds somewhere in the world - mainly in Africa - because the European Union does not act on trade as it talks ⋯ If Africa could increase its share of world trade by just one per cent, it would ⋯ be enough to lift 128 million people out of extreme poverty. The EU's trade barriers are directly responsible for Africa's inability to increase its trade and thus for keeping Africa in poverty."
20. John T. Powelson and Richard Stock, The Peasant Betrayed (Washington: CATO Institute, 1990), pp. 2-3.
21. Powelson and Stock, The Peasant Betrayed, pp. 7-8.
22. The paragraphs containing this example and discussion are borrowed from my address to the International Society for Individual Liberty, Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, 30 July 2002, "The World's Poor: How to Go Forward by Not Going Backward" The text is at .
23. Manuel Ayau, "Give Freedom Its Turn in Latin America," Imprimis 13 (1984).
24. It is due originally, I believe, to Ricardo, On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation, Volume 1 (Indianapolis: Liberty Press, 2004).
25. Philip Gourevitch, in The New Yorker, 8 September 2003.
26. The downsides of foreign aid are admirably discussed in P.T. Bauer, Equality, the Third World, and Economic Delusion (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1981). See especially Chapters 3-5.
27. See, for example, Richard L. Stroup, "Chemophobia and Activist Environmental Antidotes: Is the Cure More Deadly Than the Disease?," in Walter E. Block (ed.), Economics and the Environment: A Reconciliation (Vancouver: Fraser Institute, 1989), pp. 193-214.
28. Peter Singer, "Famine, Affluence, and Morality," Philosophy and Public Affairs 1 (1972), pp. 229-243;
29. Peter Singer, "The Singer Solution to World Poverty," The New York Times Sunday Magazine, 5 September 1999, pp. 60-63.
30. The speaker is Manuel Ayau; quoted from his address to the International Society for Individual Liberty Congress at Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, 29 July 2002.