The Zhouyi (Book of Changes) as an open classic: A semiotic analysis of its system of representation

Philosophy East and West

Volumn 55, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 257-282

  Gu, Ming Dong ^a  

^a RHODES COLLEGE   (United States)

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EID: 60950571638     PISSN: 00318221     EISSN: 15291898     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1353/pew.2005.0001     Document Type: Review

References (64)

1. The title Zhouyi is often used interchangeably with Yijing, the more commonly known title in the West, but there is, in fact, a difference. While the former should narrowly refer to the sixty-four hexagrams and their hexagram line statements, both of which are believed to have been created in the Zhou dynasty, the latter is a broader term that includes the Ten Wings canonized in the Western Han and the received text of the Zhou. Both Yang Xiong's and Ban Gu's remarks are requoted from Liu Dajun's Zhouyi gailun (An introduction to the Zhouyi) (Jinan: Qilu Shushe, 1986), p. 145
2. Richard Wilhelm, Heaven, Earth, and Man in the Book of Changes (Seattle and London: University of Washington Press, 1977), pp. v-vii
3. See Tang Mingbang ed., Zhouyi ping zhu (Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 1995), p. 7
4. Siku quanshu zong mu (General catalogue for the Four Treasuries of Books) (Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 1965), p. 1
5. See Gao Guifeng "Zhouyi yanjiu lunwen suoyin" Zhouyi yanjiu (Zhouyi studies) 2 (1990): 112
6. See Iulian Shchutskii, Researches on the I Ching, trans. William L. MacDonald et al. (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1980), p. 55
7. See Hellmut Wilhelm, "Leibniz and the I-Ching," Collectanea Comissiones Synodalis (Peking) 16 (1943): 205-219
8. Hans-Georg Gadamer, Truth and Method (New York: Seabury Press, 1975), p. 319
9. Umberto Eco, The Open Work (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1989), pp. 1-23, 44-83
10. Kong Yingda Zhouyi zhengyi (Correct interpretation of the Book of Changes), juan 7, 66a-b, in Shisanjing zhushu (The annotated Thirteen Classics) (Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 1980), p. 78
11. Cheng Yi, Er Cheng quanshu (The complete writings of Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao), in Sibu beiyao (Shanghai: Zhonghua Shuju, n.d.), han 182, ce 3, 2a
12. Zhu Xi, Zhuzi yulei (Classified sayings of Zhu Xi) (Taipei: Zhenzhong Shuju, 1982), juan 66, 10b, vol. 4, 2594
13. Aristotle, Poetics 9, in Critical Theory since Plato (San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1971), p. 53
14. Zhu Xi, "Yixiangshuo" (Explanations of the Zhouyi images), in Zhu Wengong wenji (The writings of Zhu Xi), juan 67, 1b
15. Zhu Xi, Zhuzi yulei, juan 67, 9b
16. Zhouyi zhengyi, ce 3, juan 7, 19a
17. See Zhang Zhenglang, "Shishi Zhouchu qingtongqi minwen zhongde yigua" (A preliminary interpretation of the Yi hexagrams in the bronze inscriptions of the early Zhou dynasty) in Kaogu xuebao (Journal of archaeology) 4 (1980): 403-415
18. Shao Yong, Huangji jing shishu (The world book on the Classic of the Royal Ultimate), "Guan wuwai pian" (Outer chapter on the observation of things), 25a-b
19. Zhang Binglin, "Shuzheng guwen bashi" (Annotated eight categories of the ancient words), in Taiyan wenlu xubian (Sequel to Zhang Taiyan's writings) (Wuhan: Wuhan Yinshuguan, 1938), vol. 1, pp. 65-70
20. August Conrady, "Yih-king-Studien," Asia Major 7 (1932): 409-468
21. Ma Xulun Zhongguo wenzi zhi yuanliu yu yanjiu fangfa zhi xinqingxiang (The origins of Chinese writing and new tendencies in research methodology) (Hong Kong: Longmeng Shudian, 1969), pp. 4-5
22. Chen Weizhan and Tang Yuming Guwenzi xue gangyao (Outline of Chinese philology) (Guangzhou: Zhongshan Daxue Chubanshe, 1988), p. 19
23. Ma Xulun, Zhongguo wenzi zhi yuanliu yu yanjiu fangfa zhi xinqingxiang, pp. 4-5
24. Zhang Binglin, "Shuzheng guwen bashi," p. 68
25. Xu Shen, "Postface" to Shuowen jiezi (Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 1963), p. 314
26. W.J.T. Mitchell, "Representation," in Frank Lentricchia and Thomas McLaughlin, eds., Critical Terms for Literary Study (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990), p. 12
27. Roland Barthes, Elements of Semiology (New York: Hill and Wang, 1967), p. 11
28. Guo Yong Guoshi chuanjia Yishuo (Guo Yong's study of the Zhouyi transmitted to his posterity), in Yingyin Wenyuange Siku quanshu, vol. 13,8b
29. Mitchell, "Representation," p. 13
30. See Gu Jiegang Gushi bian (Analytic inquiries into ancient history) (Beiping: Pushe, 1931), vol. 3, pp. 45-69, 84-88
31. See Zixia Yizhuan (Zixia's commentary on the Zhouyi), in Yingyin Wenyuange Siku quanshu, vol. 7, p. 4
32. See Chunqiu Zuozhuan zhengyi (Correct interpretation of Mr. Zuo's Commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals), juan 30, in Shisanjing zhushu, 1942a-b
33. For some references, see Kong Yingda, Zhouyi zhengyi (Correct interpretation of the Book of Changes), juan 1, 1a
34. Li Dingzuo, Zhouyi jijie (Collected explications of the Zhouyi), p. 5
35. Zhu Zhen, Hanshang yizhuan (Hanshang commentary on the Zhouyi), p. 635
36. Cheng Yi, Yichuan yizhuan (Yichuan's commentary on the Zhouyi), p. 388
37. Zhu Xi, Zhouyi benyi (The original meanings of the Zhouyi), p. 1028
38. Lai Zhide, Zhouyi jizhu (A variorum edition of the Zhouyi), p. 1596
39. Mao Qiling, Zhongshi yi (Zhong's interpretation of the Zhouyi), p. 1972
40. and Hui Dong, Zhouyi shu (A commentary on the Zhouyi), p. 2240
41. Except for the Zhouyi zhengyi, all page numbers referred to are found in Yixue jinghua (Essential studies on the Zhouyi) (Jinan: Qilu Shushe, 1990), 2 vols
42. In "Jinyu", Sikong Jizi punctuated the phrase as "yuan, heng, lizhen." See Guoyu (Discourse of the states), juan 10, 10b, Sibu congshu
43. See Wu Cheng, Yizuanyan (Edited commentaries on the Zhouyi), in Yixue jinghua, vol. 2, p. 1241
44. See Li Jingchi's article "Zhouyi Shici kao" (Investigation of the discourses in the Zhouyi divinations), pp. 29-31. He also acknowledges other historical attempts at readings
45. See his "Zuo Guo zhong Yishi zhi yanjiu" (A study of the divination cases in Mr. Zuo's Commentary on Spring and Autumn Annals and the Discourse of the States), in Zhouyi tanyuan (Exploration of the origins of the Zhouyi) (Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 1978), pp. 416-417
46. Quoted from Kong Yingda's Zhouyi zhengyi, juan 1,1a
47. Li Dingzuo, Zhouyi jijie, juan 1, 1a
48. Cheng Yi, Yichuan yizhuan, juan 1, 1a
49. Zhu Xi, Zhouyi benyi, juan 1, 1a
50. Xu Shen, Shuowen jiezi, juan 3b, 9a
51. Wu Cheng, Yizuanyan, juan 1, 1a
52. Li Jingchi, "Zhouyi Shici kao," p. 29
53. I Ching: Book of Changes, trans. James Legge (New York: Bantam Books, 1964), p. 57
54. The English translation of Richard Wilhelm's German renditions is taken from The I Ching or Book of Changes, trans. Cary F. Baynes (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1967)
55. Shchutskii, Researches on the I Ching, p. 138
56. Richard Kunst, "The Original 'Yijing': A Text, Phonetic Transcription, Translation, and Indexes, with Sample Glosses" (Ph.D. diss., University of California, Berkeley, 1985), p. 241
57. See the book by Lu Zongda and Wang Ning, Xungu yu xunguxue (Philological analysis and Chinese philology) (Taiyuan: Shanxi Jiaoyu Chubanshe, 1994), pp. 56-134
58. Mujiang said: "Now, as a woman situated in a lower position, I was involved in creating disorder, and thus was devoid of benevolence. I may not be called yuan. Since I did not put the state at peace, I may not be entitled to li. Abandoning my [proper] position and indulging in licentiousness, I should not be labeled zhen. A person with the four virtues who had sui would not meet harm. I have none of the four. How can sui fit me! I have taken evil upon myself. Am I able to escape unharmed? I will certainly die here, never to get out" (Chunqiu Zuozhuan zhengyi, juan 30, 1942a-b)
59. Zhao Rumei Yiya (Philological studies of the Zhouyi), in Tongzhitang jingjie vol. 10, 22a-b
60. Mao Qiling, Chunqiu zhanshi shu (Divination discourses in the Spring and Autumn period), juan 3, 6a, Huangqing jingjie xubian
61. For a complete account of Mao Qiling's case study, one can refer to his Chunqiu zhanshi shu, juan 3, 5b-6a
62. Li Jingchi, Zhouyi tanyuan, p. 410
63. See Cai Shangsi Zhouyi sixiang yaolun (General comment on the thought of the Zhouyi) (Changsha: Hunan Jiaoyu Chubanshe, 1991), pp. 1-2
64. The translation is requoted from Bernard Faure, Chan Insights and Oversights: An Epistemological Critique of the Chan Tradition (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993), p. 198