Modern architecture in post-colonial Ghana and Nigeria

Architectural History

Volumn 47, Issue , 2004, Pages 361-392

  Le Roux, Hannah ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 60950230032     PISSN: 0066622X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/s0066622x00001805     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Maxwell Fry and Jane Drew, Tropical Architecture in the Humid Zones (London, 1956), p. 29.
2. John Lloyd, 'Ghana' in World Architecture 3, ed. John Donat (London, 1966), p. 49.
3. World Architecture: A Critical Mosaic, IV, Central and Southern Africa, ed. Udo Kultermann (Vienna, 2000).
4. Manfredo Tafuri, The Sphere and the Labyrinth (London, 1987).
5. Max Lock, Kaduna 1917 1967 2017: A survey and plan of the Capital Territory for the Government of Northern Nigeria (London, 1967).
6. David Aradeon, 'Olumuyiwa, Oluwole', Grove Art Files (www.groveart.com).
7. Kunle Akinsemoyin and Alan Vaughan-Richards, Building Lagos (Lagos, 1977).
8. Udo Kultermann, Neues Bauen in Afrika Verlag (Munich, 1963)
9. and New Directions in African Architecture (London, 1969).
10. This first appeared as articles in The Architectural Review (October 1959) and was then compiled as a book: J. M. Richards (ed.), Commonwealth Architecture (London, 1961).
11. Fry and Drew, Tropical Architecture in the Humid Zones
12. and Tropical Architecture in the Dry and Humid Zones (London, 1964).
13. Architectural Design (October 1953);
14. Architectural Design (January 1954);
15. Architectural Design (May 1955);
16. The Architects' Journal (9 August 1956).
17. Ibrahim A. Gambari, 'British Colonial Administration', in Nigerian History and Culture, ed. Richard Olaniyan (London, 1985), pp. 159-75.
18. G. F. Metcalf, Great Britain and Ghana: Documents of Ghana History 1807-1957 (London, 1964), p. 685.
19. The Architectural Review (May 1956), pp. 260-41.
20. Trevor Jones, Ghana's First Republic 1960-1966 (London, 1976).
21. Kwame Nkrumah's publications include I Speak of Freedom: A statement of African Ideology (London, 1961);
22. Africa Must Unite (London, 1963);
23. Neo-Colonialism, The Last Stage of Imperialism (New York, 1965);
24. and Dark Days in Ghana (London, 1968).
25. Kwame Nkrumah, 'African Socialism Revisited', African Forum (Winter 1966), in The Africa Reader: Independent Africa, Wilfred Cartey and Martin Kilson (New York, 1970), pp. 200-08.
26. Nkrumah, I Speak, p. 5.
27. Leopald Sedar Senghor, 'Négritude: A humanism of the twentieth century', in The Africa Reader: Independent Africa, Wilfred Cartey and Martin Kilson (New York, 1970), pp. 179-83.
28. Nkrumah, 'African Socialism', pp. 200-08.
29. See Albert Memmi, The colonizer and the colonized (London, 1990);
30. B. J. Moore-Gilbert, Postcolonial Theory: Contexts, Practices, Politics (London, 1997);
31. and in architectural theory, Gulsum Baydar Nalbantoglu and Wong Chang, Post-Colonial Space[s] (New York, 1997)
32. and numerous contributions to Building Dwelling Drifting: Migrancy and the Limits of Architecture, ed. Stephen Cairns and Philip Goad (Melbourne, 1997).
33. Biographical material on Nigerian architects is generally poorly published. Here the paper uses Boluslawa Prucnal-Ogunsote (1993), 'A Study of Modern Trends in Some Aspects of Architecture in Nigeria' (doctoral thesis, Ahmadu Bello University, 1992), pp. 463-65;
34. Olatunde Arayela, 'An Introspection into Forty Years of Architectural Practice in Nigeria (1960-2000) - The Way Forward', in Architects and Architecture in Nigeria, ed. Uche Obisike Nkwogu (2001, Nigeria), pp. 91-107;
35. Omotayo Adeolu, 'Architectural Education in Nigeria', The West African Builder and Architect, 9:1 (1969), pp. 28-29.
36. Prucnal-Ogunsote, 'A study', and Arayela, 'An Introspection'.
37. Interview with Olumuyiwa in Prucnal-Ogunsote, 'A study', pp. 463-65.
38. The concept of the triple heritage of cultures - African tradition, Western colonialism and Islam - is drawn from Ali Mazrui, The Africans: a Triple Heritage (London, 1986).
39. Contemporary Architects, 3rd edn, ed. Muriel Emanuel (Chicago, 1994), pp. 41-42.
40. Vaughan-Richards, 'Architectural Reflections'.
41. Alan Vaughan-Richards, 'The New Generation', The West African Builder and Architect, 6:2 (1966), pp. 36-39.
42. Alan Vaughan-Richards, 'Student Dormitories for the University of Lagos', The West African Architect and Builder, 8:4 (1968), pp. 97-112.
43. Alan Vaughan-Richards, The West African Builder and Architect, 6:1 (1966), p. 6.
44. Ulli Beier, Art in Nigeria 1960 (Cambridge and Ibadan, 1960).
45. Ulli Beier, Contemporary Art in Africa (London, 1968), p. 62.
46. I am grateful to Babar Mumtaz who alerted me to the importance, in this period, of the Kumasi school. This section draws on e-mail correspondence with Michael (John) Lloyd, December 2002; an interview with Max Bond, July 2003; a visit to the school in Kumasi in January 2001; and two published articles: John Lloyd (ed.), 'Ghana', in World Architecture, III, ed. John Donat (London, 1966), pp. 48-57
47. and Arena: the Architectural Association Journal (July-August 1966), pp. 39-62.
48. Published as Z. R. Dmochowski, An Introduction to Nigerian Traditional Architecture, V, 1-3 (London, 1990).
49. Paul Oliver, Dwellings, The House Across the World (Oxford, 1987).
50. 'A library at Bolgatanga', Architectural Forum, CXXVIII, 2 (March 1968) pp. 66-69.
51. Lutz Christians, 'Banda Nkwanta', Arena: the Architectural Association Journal (September-October 1966).