Attractions to violence and the limits of education

Journal of Aesthetic Education

Volumn 40, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 21-38

  Duncum, Paul ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 60949637784     PISSN: 00218510     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1353/jae.2006.0031     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. See, for example, Gaye Green, "Reading Violent Images," Art Education 57, no. 2 (2004): 6-13
2. and Christine Ballengee-Morris and Pat L. Stuhr, "Multicultural Art and Visual Culture in a Changing World," Art Education 54, no. 4 (2001): 6-13
3. Maria Tatar, "'Violent Delights' in Children's Literature," in Why We Watch: The Attractions of Violent Entertainment, ed. Jeffery Goldstein (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988), 69
4. Glen G. Sparks and Cheri W. Sparks, "Exploring the Attractions of Violent Entertainment," in Violence in Film and Television, ed. James D. Torr (San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 2002), 114-26
5. James Paul Gee, What Video Games Have to Teach Us Learning and Literacy (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003)
6. Joanne Cantor, "Media Violence Effects and Interventions: The Roles of Communication and Emotion," in Communication and Emotion: Essays in Honor of Dolf Zillman, ed. Jennings Bryant, David Roskos-Ewoldson, and Joanne Cantor (Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2002), 197-219
7. American Academy of Pediatrics, Some Things You Should Know about Media Violence and Media Literacy (2002, available online at http://www.aap.org/ advocacy/childhealthmonth/media.htm)
8. As cited in Dolf Zillman, "The Psychology of the Appeal of Portrayals of Violence," in Why We Watch: The Attractions of Violent Entertainment, ed. Jeffery Goldstein (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988), 182
9. G. Amberg, The New York Times Film Reviews: A One Volume Selection (New York: Quadrangle Books, 1971), 439
10. Rodger Ebert, "Kill Bill Vol 2." Chicago-Sun Times, April 16, 2004 (available on-line at www.suntimes.com/ebert/ebert_reviews/2004/04/041604. html)
11. Zillman, "The Psychology of the Appeal of Portrayals of Violence."
12. Leslie A. Fielder, "Towards a Definition of Popular Literature," in Superculture: American Popular Culture and Europe, ed. Christopher W. E. Bigsby (Bowling Green, OH: Bowling Green University Popular Press), 40
13. As cited in J. Hoberman, "'A Test for the Individual View': Bonnie and Clyde's Violent Reception," in Why We Watch: The Attractions of Violent Entertainment, ed. Jeffery Goldstein (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988), 120
14. Andrew Klavan, "In Praise of Fictional Violence," in Violence in Film and Television, ed. James D. Torr (San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 2002), 138
15. Jeffery Goldstein, "Why We Watch," in Why We Watch: The Attractions of Violent Entertainment, ed. Jeffery Goldstein (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988), 212-26
16. Sparks and Sparks, "Exploring the Attractions of Violent Entertainment."
17. V. Allen and D. Greenberger, "An Aesthetic Theory of Vandalism," Crime and Delinquency 24 (1978): 309-21
18. Goldstein, "Why We Watch."
19. Paul Keegan, "Video Games: The Latest Format for Screen Violence," in Violence in Film and Television, ed. James D. Torr (San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 2002), 93-103
20. H. Jenkins, "Never Trust a Snake: WWF Wrestling as Masculine Melodrama," in Sports, Media, and the Politics of Identity, ed. A. Baker and T. Boyd (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1997), 48-78
21. Dorina Miron, "Enjoyment of Violence," in Communication and Emotion: Essays in Honor of Dolf Zillman, ed. Jennings Bryant, David Roskos-Ewoldson, and Joanne Cantor (Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2002), 445-72
22. Michael J. Apter, The Dangerous Edge: The Psychology of Excitement (New York: Free Press, 1992)
23. Ebert, "Kill Bill Vol. 2."
24. Julie Engel Manga, Talking Trash: The Cultural Politics of Daytime TV Talk Shows (New York: New York University Press, 2003)
25. Paul Duncum, "Wrestling with TV Rasslin," Journal of Social Theory in Art Education 22 (2002): 103-1.9
26. J. Leyland, "Stone Cold Crazy," Newsweek, November 23, 1988, 60
27. Jenkins, "Never Trust a Snake."
28. P. Kafka, "Live Action Heroes," Forbes, March 22, 1999, 216
29. Mikhail Bakhtin, The Bakhtin Reader: Selected Writings of Bakhtin, Medvedev and Voloshinov, trans. P. Morris (London: Edward Arnold, 1994)
30. See, for example, Gerard Jones, Killing Monsters: Why Children Need Fantasy, Superheroes, and Make Believe (New York: Basic Books, 2002)
31. Zillman, "The Psychology of the Appeal of Portrayals of Violence"; and Gee, What Video Games Have to Teach
32. Miron, "Enjoyment of Violence."
33. Gee, What Video Games Have to Teach
34. Clark McCauley, "When Screen Violence Is Not Attractive," in Why We Watch: The Attractions of Violent Entertainment, ed. Jeffery Goldstein (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988), 144-62
35. N. H. Frijda as cited in Ron Tamborini, "Enjoyment and Social Functions of Horror," in Communication and Emotion: Essays in Honor of Dof Zillman, ed. Jennings Bryant, David Roskos-Ewoldson, and Joanne Cantor (Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2002), 417-43
36. Apter, The Dangerous Edge
37. Klavan, "In Praise of Fictional Violence," 139
38. See examples in Klavan, "In Praise of Fictional Violence," and Gee, What Video Games Have to Teach Us
39. and McCauley, "When Screen Violence is Not Attractive."
40. N. Ramsay, "Professional Wrestling as Moral Drama 1974-1990" (paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Pittsburgh, PA, 1992)
41. J. W. Campbell, "Professional Wrestling: Why the Bad Guy Wins," Journal of American Culture 19, no. 2 (1996): 127-32
42. Tamborini, "Enjoyment and Social Functions of Horror."
43. Jake Horsley, "Action-Revenge Films," in Violence in Film and Television, ed. James D. Torr (San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 2002), 43
44. Cantor, "Media Violence Effects and Interventions."
45. S. Robert Lichter, Linda S. Lichter, and Stanley Rothman, "Examining How Violence is Presented on Television," in Violence in Film and Television, ed. James D. Torr (San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 2002), 90
46. McCarthy as cited in Judith Halberstram, Skin Shows: Gothic Horror and the Technology of Monstrosity (London: Duke University Press, 1995), 139
47. Barry S. Sopolsky and Fred Molitor, "Slasher Films and Violence Against Women," in Violence in Film and Television, ed. James D. Torr (San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 2002), 52-60
48. Marina Kremar and Kathryn Greene, "Predicting Exposure to and Uses of Television Violence," Journal of Communications 49, no. 3 (1999): 24-45
49. Michael D. Slater, "Alienation, Aggression, and Sensation Seeking as Predictors of Adolescent Use of Violent Film, Computer, and Website Content," Journal of Communication 53, no. 1 (2003): 105-21
50. Slater, "Alienation, Aggression, and Sensation Seeking."
51. Jeffrey Goldstein, "Why We Watch."
52. Stephen Prince, "A Brief History of Film Violence," in Violence in Film and Television, ed. James D. Torr (Sand Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 2002), 21-32
53. As cited in Leyland, "Stone Cold Crazy," 60
54. Prince, "A Brief History of Film Violence."
55. Horsley, "Action-Revenge Films"
56. Raymond Williams, Marxism and Ideology (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1977)
57. Tod Gitlin, Media Unlimited: How the Torrent of Images and Sounds Overwhelms Our Lives (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2001)
58. Sut Jhaly (Producer/Writer/Director), Advertising and the End of the World [Motion picture] (1996; available from Media Education Foundation, 60 Masonic Street, Northampton, MA. 01060, 1996)
59. L. Langman, "The Ludic Body: Ritual, Desire, and Cultural Identity in American Super Bowl and Carnival in Rio," in The Politics of Selfhood: Bodies and Identities in Global Capitalism, ed. Richard Harvey Brown (Minneapolis: University of Minneapolis, 2003), 64-86
60. Richard Harvey Brown, "Narration and Postmodern Mediations of Western Selfhood," in The Politics of Selfhood: Bodies and Identities in Global Capitalism, ed. Richard Harvey Brown (Minneapolis: University of Minneapolis, 2003), 189-221
61. Lichter et al., "Examining How Violence Is Presented on Television."
62. Zillman, "The Psychology of the Appeal of Portrayals of Violence," 206
63. Gail Russell Chaddock, "US Notches World's Highest Incarceration Rate," Christian Science Monitor, August 18, 2003 (available online at http://www.csmonitor .com/2003/0818/p02s01-usju.html)
64. Amnesty International US, "Abolitionist and Retention Countries" (September 2002; available online at http://www.amnestyusa.org/ abolish/abret2.html)
65. As examples of this view see both Frank Church, Freedom from Fear: Finding the Courage to Act, Love and Be (New York: St. Martin's Press, 2004)
66. and Barry Glassner, The Culture of Fear: Why Americans Are Afraid of the Wrong Things (New York: Basic Books, 2000)
67. Church, Freedom from Fear
68. Glassner, Culture of Fear
69. For example, Child Safe (retrieved February 18, 2006, from http://www.safechild .org/bullies.htm); Kids Source (retrieved February 18, 2006, from http://www .kidsource.com/kidsource/content3/bullies.k12.2.html)
70. National Youth Violence Protection Resource (retrieved February 18, 2006, from http://www.safeyouth .org/scripts/teens/bullying.asp)
71. For example, Connect with Kids (retrieved February 18, 2006, from http://www .connectforkids.org/node/3729)
72. For example, Pennsylvania Service-Learning Alliance (retrieved February 23, 2006, from http://www.paservicelearning.org/Initiatives/21stCCLC/character. htm)
73. For example, Centre on Juvenile & Criminal Justice (retrieved February 22, 2006, from http://www.cjcj.org/jjic/myths_facts.php)
74. For example, David Buckingham, Media Education: Literacy, Learning and Contemporary Culture (Cambridge: Polity, 2003)
75. Joanne Cantor and B. Wilson, "Media and Violence: Intervention Strategies for Reducing Aggression," Media Psychology 5 (2003): 363-403