Egalitarianism, ideals, and cosmopolitan justice

Philosophical Forum

Volumn 36, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 1-30

  Brock, Gillian ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 60949277122     PISSN: 0031806X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9191.2005.00186.x     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. This kind of view can be found in the work of, for instance, Brian Barry, "Statism and Nationalism: A Cosmopolitan Critique," Nomas XLI (1999): 12-66
2. Charles Jones, Global Justice (Oxford: Oxford UP, 1999)
3. and Thomas Pogge, "Cosmopolitanism and Sovereignty," Ethics 103 (1992): 48-75. Although this way of describing cosmopolitanism certainly has its problems (as I outline elsewhere), it is the dominant way of explaining the view
4. For Rawlsian arguments see Charles Beitz, Political Theory and International Justice (Princeton: Princeton UP, 1980)
5. or Thomas Pogge, Realizing Rawls (Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1989)
6. for neo-Lockean arguments see Hillel Steiner, "Just Taxation and International Redistribution;" Nomas XLI (1999) 171-91
7. for rights-based analyses see Charles Jones, Global Justice (Oxford: Oxford UP)
8. and Henry Shue, Basic Rights: Subsistence, Affluence, and U.S. Foreign Policy (Princeton: Princeton UP, 1980)
9. for a neo-Aristotelian analysis see Martha Nussbaum, Women and Human Development: The Capabilities Approach (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2000)
10. and for a utilitarian analysis see Peter Singer "Famine, Affluence, and Morality," Philosophy and Public Affairs 1 (1972): 229-44
11. These suggestions are, of course, not necessarily mutually exclusive. For recent versions of both of these see Darrel Moellendorf, Cosmopolitan Justice (Cambridge, MA: Westview Press, 2002)
12. For a recent version of a Global Equality of Opportunity Principle, see Simon Caney, "Cosmopolitan Justice and Equalizing Opportunities," Metaphilosophy 32 (2001): 113-34
13. John Rawls, The Law of Peoples (Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1999)
14. John Rawls, A Theory of Justice (Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1971)
15. Moellendorf (2002): 14
16. See, for instance, Beitz, Political Theory and International Justice, or Thomas Pogge, Realizing Rawls (Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1989)
17. Norman Frohlich and Joe Oppenheimer, Choosing Justice: An Experimental Approach to Ethical Theory (Berkeley and Los Angeles, California: U of CP, 1992)
18. Other experimental evidence for the salience of needs in issues in distributive justice can also be found in a host of other places, such as, Maya Bar-Hillel and Menahem Yaari, "Judgements of Distributive Justice," in Barbara Mellers and Jonathan Baron, Psychological Perspectives on Justice: Theory and Applications (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1993) 55-84
19. Helmut Lamm and Thomas Schwinger, "Norms Concerning Distributive Justice: Are Needs Taken into Consideration in Allocation Decisions?" Social Psychology Quarterly 43 (1980): 425-9
20. and David Miller, "Distributive Justice: What the People Think," Ethics 102 (1992): 555-93, esp. 570-76
21. Rena de la Cruz-Dona and Alan Martina, Diverse Groups Agreeing on a System of Justice in Distribution: Evidence from the Philippines (Australia National University, Canberra: Mimeo, 2000)
22. Michael Jackson and Peter Hill, "A Fair Share," Journal of Theoretical Politics 7 (1995): 69-179
23. Grzegorz Lissowkski, Tadeusz Tyszka and Wlodmierz Okrasa, "Principles of Distributive Justice: Experiments in Poland and America," Journal of Conflict Resolution 35 (1991): 98-119
24. Tatsuyoshi Saijo, Shusuke Takahashi, and Stephen Turnbull, "Justice in Income Distribution: An Experimental Approach," Mimeo presented at the 1996 ISA, San Diego, April 18, 1996
25. Frohlich and Oppenheimer (1992): 201
26. Typical of such points were these two sets of comments: 1. "I would like to see that everyone at least has the basic things. After that I don't really care. [If the floor is too low] [...] a lot of people are going to be starving, and they will be without shelter and housing" (Transcripts, p. 99)
27. It is notable that in their later work, Frohlich and Openheimer refer to this triad of entitlements, need, and the desirability of preserving incentives, instead as: just deserts (instead of entitlements), need, and efficiency (in place of incentives). See, for instance, "Preferences for Income Distribution and Distributive Justice: A Window on the Problems of Using Experimental Data in Economics and Ethics," Eastern Economic Journal 20 (1994): 147-55
28. Rawls(1999): 115
29. Bernard Boxill, "Global Equality of Opportunity and National Integrity," Social Philosophy and Policy 5 (1987): 148
30. Caney (2001): 121
31. See, for instance, James Fishkin, The Voice of the People (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997)
32. James Fishkin and Peter Laslett, "Introduction," Journal of Political Philosophy 10 (2002): 125-8
33. Bruce Ackerman and James Fishkin, "Deliberation Day," Journal of Political Philosophy 10 (2002): 129-52
34. Elizabeth Anderson, "What is the Point of Equality?" Ethics 109 (1999): 287-337
35. Luck egalitarians include: Eric Rakowski, Equal Justice (New York: Oxford UP, 1991)
36. Richard Arneson, "Equality and Equality of Opportunity for Welfare," Equality: Selected Readings, eds. Louis Pojman and Robert Westmoreland (New York: Oxford UP, 1997)
37. Ronald Dworkin, Sovereign Virtue: The Theory and Practice of Equality (Harvard: Harvard UP, 2000)
38. and Gerald Cohen, "On the Currency of Egalitarian Justice," Ethics 99 (1989): 906-43
39. Andrew Mason Community, Solidarity and Belonging: Levels of Community and Their Normative Significance (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2000), chapter seven
40. Martha Nussbaum also holds a view that the idea of the community of human beings deserves special attention and respect. See for instance, "Patriotism and Cosmopolitanism" For Love of Country: Debating the Limits of Patriotism, ed. Joshua Cohen (Boston: Beacon Press, 1996) 3-17